京津冀制造业产业竞争力实证分析

基于第一次全国经济普查资料,从产业规模优势、产业市场优势和产业竞争优势等三个侧面对京津冀三地制造业产业竞争力进行实证分析,在此基础上对京津冀三地制造业产业竞争力进行了综合分析。     

我国高技术产业竞争力分析——基于京津塘、长三角、珠三角三大经济带的实证研究

本文以“竞合”为背景,运用基本份额偏离法分解了2000年和2005年京津冀、长三角、珠三角的高技术产业竞争力结构的差异,并运用两段最小二乘法分析了高级人力资本对高技术产业竞争力的贡献程度来阐释这些内部差异。进而说明高级人力资本要素是衡量区域竞争力强弱的重要变量之一。推进人力资源的开发和人力资本的集约利用对我国高技术产业的健康、持久发展具有重要意义。     

高技术产业与传统产业融合发展研究

通过对我国传统产业与高技术产业的特征关系分析得出,传统产业与高技术产业需要利用各自的优势融合发展,传统产业要得到发展必须依靠高技术产业,充分发挥高技术的渗透、扩散、辐射和带动作用,改造、提升传统产业;高技术产业也必须依赖传统产业所提供的产业基础、技术基础、人力资源基础、市场需求基础等。这样才能使我国的产业在效率、竞争力、产业结构等方面与信息时代相适应。     

高技术产业与传统产业融合发展研究

通过对我国传统产业与高技术产业的特征关系分析得出,传统产业与高技术产业需要利用各自的优势融合发展,传统产业要得到发展必须依靠高技术产业,充分发挥高技术的渗透、扩散、辐射和带动作用,改造、提升传统产业;高技术产业也必须依赖传统产业所提供的产业基础、技术基础、人力资源基础、市场需求基础等.这样才能使我国的产业在效率、竞争力、产业结构等方面与信息时代相适应.     

论我国产业国际竞争力培育

随着经济全球化和一体化趋势加快 ,国际间产业竞争愈演愈烈。国际竞争力研究也成为世界性热门话题。产业国际竞争力的成长一般经历要素驱动、投资驱动、创新驱动和财富驱动四个阶段。影响产业国际竞争力的因素有迈克尔·波特的六因素分析、基础设施对产业国际竞争力影响及“后发优势”对产业国际竞争力影响等。在中国入世背景下 ,提高中国产业国际竞争力应从五方面着手 :产业组织优化 ;培育和发展我国高技术产业集群 ;加快知识资源培育和积累 ;转变政府职能 ,加快基础设施建设 ;实施开放型产业政策 ,充分发挥比较优势 ,努力创造竞争优势。     

中国高技术产业重心与经济重心变动轨迹比较

高技术产业是国民经济中重要的战略性先导产业。文章借鉴并运用经济重心研究方法对中国高技术产业及国民经济整体空间分布格局演化做了系统研究,通过刻画和比较分析我国1995--2009年高技术产业重心和经济重心变动轨迹,发现我国高技术产业空间分布不平衡,特别是东西横向不均衡程度加剧,高技术产业对国民经济整体发展影响有限,提出有必要加大对我国高技术产业的政策扶持力度和区域经济均衡发展调整力度,实现高技术产业带动下的我国国民经济全面协调可持续的科学发展。     

我国省域高技术产业的全球产业链水平 测度研究

随着科学技术的发展，高技术产业越来越成为学者们研究的重点。针对全球产业链水平的测量是一切研究工作的基础，因此本文为准确把 握我国高技术产业的全球产业链水平，通过熵值法TOPSIS法构建包括价值链、供应链、创新链、产业聚集以及产业竞争力五大指标的我国各省市高技 术产业的全球产业链水平测度体系。结果显示，我国各省市高技术产业全球产业链水平大致呈现东、南部区域优于西、北部区域的分布格局。最后， 针对测算结果提出提升产业链水平建议，以期推进各省市全面、协同提升产业链水平，建设有国际竞争力的高技术产业体系。     

日韩发展高技术产业经验和启示

通过对日本和韩国在促进高技术产业发展、提升高技术产业核心竞争力方面所采取的政策手段的了解.为我国提供了后进国家在促进高技术产业发展、提升高技术产业核心竞争力方面的有益启示和借鉴. ,     

我国高技术产业集聚与进出口关系研究

高技术产品进出口额是衡量技术产业发展程度及国际竞争力的重要指标,产业集聚程度也是衡量一个产业发展程度的重要指标.以我国2003年到2012年间高技术产业面板数据为基础,在此基础考察我国高技术产业集聚与国际贸易间关系.结果表明,产业集聚可提升产业竞争力,降低了交易成本,给对外贸易带来积极影响.     

论我国高技术产业的发展

自20世纪90年代起,我国积极发展高技术产业,其规模不断扩大,已经成为经济增长的火车头.在提高科技持续创新能力、实现技术跨越式发展的原则下,推动各项高技术产业的发展.在高技术产业快速发展过程中,有市场增长速度高、固定资本形成快、高科技产品需求快速增长、研发人员总量大、劳动力成本低、产业聚集效应逐渐成形等诸多优势.但仍然存在若干发展问题与跨国公司主导我国高技术产业发展、高技术研发被跨国公司所控制等产业安全隐忧,产业安全问题应特别引起关注.     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988–2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988–1990 period and the 1991–2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Payment Systems in Countries in Transition

MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies -     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )