西北干旱半干旱地区湖泊应用生态修复技术的探讨

本文针对西北干旱半干旱地区湖泊水环境现状,如水位下降、面积萎缩、水质成化、生态系统退化、生物多样性减少等,从控制外源污染的技术、消除内源污染的技术、藻类控制技术和水质强化净化技术等方面总结了目前国内外使用较为广泛、理论比较成熟、处理效果较好的生态修复技术,提出在湖泊生态修复过程中应考虑的因素。在西北干旱半干旱地区湖泊的生态修复中,应根据当地湖泊的实际情况,对各种技术进行综合应用。     

中国湿地生境存在的问题及保护对策

中国的湿地面积大,类型全,资源十分丰富,但正面临着人类不当开发与过度利用的威胁.湿地的生境恶化主要包括湿地污染加剧、湿地资源过度利用、盲目围湖造田、湖泊淤积、生物入侵和生物多样性递减等主要生境问题.本论文针对湿地生境目前存在的问题,按照湿地生境修复技术的原则,提出实地修复技术的措施.提出加强立法执法,湿地健康评价,生物修复湿地,建立自然保护区和开展湿地生态游等保护湿地生境的对策.     

湖泊富营养化的生态修复研究进展

近年来.随着人口增长和经济的迅速发展.以及对水资源的不合理开发利用,使水域环境富营养化呈现加剧恶化的趋势,鉴于传统物理、化学方法所带来的难操作、成本高、易产生二次污染等问题,人们越来越多的将目光转向利用人工湿地、生态浮床、生物操纵等生态修复技术的研究中.这类技术通过植物、动物、微生物间的协同作用,达到净化水质的目的,同时可获得一定的经济效益和社会效益。本文综述了人工湿地技术、生态浮床技术、生物操纵技术的研究现状.讨论了各项技术的不足之处,提出需根据不同湖泊的特性,利用模型研究确定不同的组合技术,以达到最佳的处理效果。     

城市湖泊开发建设的误区与启示——以益阳市梓山湖为例

城市化进程的加速,导致我国许多城市湖泊出现了水质污染、生态失衡、生物多样性减退、面积锐减、建筑挤压、视觉污染等诸多重大问题。在分析梓山湖的开发背景和过程的基础上,重点从开发定位、开发强度、宏观规划、细部设计四个方面阐述梓山湖开发中出现的重大问题及其结果,并依此提出四条有益的开发建议,为城市湖泊的开发与保护提供参考。     

中国西部地区湖泊资源的保护与利用

本文系统地总结和分析了西部地区湖泊数量、面积以及湖泊资源的优势和缺陷,指出了西部大开发中湖泊面临和将要出现的环境问题：①湖水位下降,湖泊面积萎缩;②水质污染日趋严重;③湖泊富营养化出现并加剧;④盐湖资源开采无序,湖区生态环境恶化;⑤围垦和水位下降导致湖泊生物多样性减少。分析了湖泊生态环境破坏的原因,最后提出湖泊环境保护和资源合理利用的对策和建议,以此促进西部地区湖泊资源的可持续利用。     

浅析内梅罗指数法对孝感城区湖泊水质环境状况应用研究

本文以孝感城区湖泊为研究对象,选取孝感城区4个较为典型的湖泊,分析各项水质指标,用内梅罗指数法对其评价.结果表明,王母湖水质基本处于临界状态.野猪湖、龙口湖和后湖均有不同程度污染.     

水网稠密地区的县域生态文明建设路径——以江苏金湖县为例

以首批46个国家生态文明建设示范市县之一的江苏省金湖县为例,从区域生态约束、湖泊水环境保护、水体水质安全、水处理管网建设和农村环保考核等多个方面探讨了其生态文明深化创建过程中面临的约束因素,提出了优化县域国土开发格局、推进流域性联防联治、加强水环境综合整治、提升县域污水处理能力以及优化乡村振兴战略实施中的绩效考核等措施建议,为江苏及其它水网稠密地区的县域生态文明建设提供路径参考.     

洱海治理成效卓著 高原明珠魅力再现

大理洱海是我国七大淡水湖泊之一，蓄水量28亿立方米，被大理人民称为“母亲湖”。大理从1996年起，采取“环湖生态修复、环湖治污截污、流域面源污染治理”等措施对洱海实施综合治理，使曾经轻度污染的湖水重新变清。     

星云湖湖滨带生态建设与水生植被恢复研究

近年来由于人为活动的影响，星云湖的生态结构遭到了严重破坏。这是导致其污染自净能力下降，水质恶化加速的主要内在因素。本文在2000年3月对星云湖湖泊水生生态演替调查及其原因分析的基础上，根据湖泊生态学的原理，提出了星云湖湖滨带生态建设与水生植被恢复的建设途径。     

武汉市湖泊的发展、保护及发展规划构想

武汉市江河纵横，湖泊众多，具有得天独厚的自然条件。文章在指出了武汉市湖泊发展演变中存在着湖泊填占、湖泊水质污染和湖泊开发利用不合理等问题，并分析其影响原因的基础上，对武汉市湖泊(特别是主城区湖泊)的未来发展和保护从三个时段进行了规划性构想，以期对类似城市的湖泊水系的发展工作有所借鉴。     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988–2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988–1990 period and the 1991–2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Payment Systems in Countries in Transition

MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies -