郑州商品交易所棉花期货量价波动传导实证研究

基于郑州商品交易所(CZCE)棉花期货市场日交易数据,构建条件均值方程和条件标准波动方程对交易量、持仓量与棉花期货价格波动关系进行了实证研究。研究结果表明:CZCE棉花期货交易量与价格收益率波动之间存在正相关关系,不可预期交易量的变动对期货价格收益率的信息传导效率明显高于可预期交易量。棉花期货持仓量与价格收益率波动之间存在负相关关系,分解后的可预期持仓量对价格收益率波动存在负向影响,但不可预期持仓量对价格收益率不敏感。就交易量和持仓量对比来看,交易量对期货价格收益率波动的影响更明显。分解后的交易量和持仓量可以更显著地刻画其对期货价格收益率波动的影响。     

棉花期货交易量与收益率及其波动性的关系研究

期货市场合约的价格反映了投资者对未来的预期,并且期货市场中的买空和卖空机制为套期保值者提供了良好的风险规避工具。针对农产品期货市场特征的研究可以为国内农产品的价格变动提供充足的理论基础。本文以国内棉花期货市场为例,研究交易量、收益率及收益率波动性之间的关系。结果发现,棉花期货交易量与价格收益率之间不存在显著的相关关系,棉花期货的价格波动与收益率、价格波动与交易量之间均存在显著的正相关关系。     

小麦期货市场交易量与收益波动性关系探讨

本文通过采用AR-EGARCH(1,1)模型对小麦期货市场的交易量与收益波动性关系进行了实证研究,并得出以下结论:小麦期货市场的收益波动性具有集聚性和持续性,但没有杠杆效应;当期期货交易量对收益波动性具有显著的影响,而滞后一期的交易量对收益波动没有影响;将交易量分为预期交易量和非预期交易量后,发现非预期交易量对收益波动地影响大约是预期交易量的8倍.     

交易保证金变动对我国期货市场流动性及波动性影响的实证研究

该文以国内三大期货交易所的几大交易品种为例,分析最低交易保证金的变动对期货市场流动性的影响,同时对是否能够通过降低最低交易保证金提高交易量以及是否能够通过提高最低交易保证金来降低价格波动进行了研究.研究结果显示:保证金变动对期货市场换手率、成交量的影响不大,但对期货合约持仓量的影响显著;保证金与期货市场波动之间关系呈现出弱相关的关系.因此本文认为降低最低交易保证金无法有效扩大交易量和提高市场流动性,调高期货保证金也无法有效抑制期货价格的波动.     

我国大豆期货价格与现货价格波动关系的实证分析研究

本文借助相关性分析、单位根检验、协整检验、误差修正模型、格兰杰因果关系检验、脉冲响应函数和方差分解一系列计量分析方法,对大豆的期货价格与现货价格之间的波动关系进行了实证分析,结果表明大豆期货价格与现货价格之间存在高度正向相关关系,二者之间保持长期均衡关系。期货价格与现货价格间存在双向引导关系,大豆期货市场在价格发现功能上发挥主导作用,总体来看我国大豆期货市场运行状况良好。     

天然橡胶价格发现功能的实证分析

期货市场所承担的价格发现、风险规避等功能对稳定现货市场价格波动、调节市场供求关系发挥着重要作用.价格发现功能处在期货市场功能的核心地位.一个期货市场上交易的期货品种未来现货价格与期货价格存在协整关系是该期货市场有效的必要条件.本文首先对期货价格发现功能进行概述,然后根据上海期货交易所的天然橡胶合约在2006年1月1日到2010年5月1日之间的426个样本数据,通过运用ADF平稳性检验、建立有关天然橡胶价格的VAR模型以及格兰杰因果检验等方法对期货价格和现货价格间的联系进行协整分析.其结果显示:天然橡胶的期货价格和现货价格存在协整关系,期货价格具有价格发现功能:天然橡胶的期货价格和现货价格之间存在双向引导关系     

引入国债期货合约能否发挥现货市场稳定效应?——基于中国金融周期的研究视角

我国国债期货市场能否发挥稳定现货市场功能,金融周期风险是否会改变国债期货市场对现货市场波动的影响,是投资者实施风险管理和监管部门构建市场稳定机制的重要依据。本文通过信息传递机制和交易者行为两个维度探析国债期货市场发挥稳定功能的微观机理,分析金融周期风险对衍生工具稳定功能的影响,解析引入国债期货合约能否缓解金融周期波动对国债市场冲击,同时关注我国国债期货交易机制改进与现券波动关系。研究发现:(1)我国国债期货市场已实现抑制现货市场波动的功能,金融周期风险会引发现货价格波动,国债期货市场能够降低金融周期的波动冲击;(2)改善现货市场深度和套保交易是国债期货市场发挥稳定功能的微观路径,国债期货市场增进国债预期交易量流动性、减弱非预期交易量干扰,金融周期低波动区间套保交易稳定作用受到抑制;(3)国债期货投机交易和波动溢出效应助长现货市场波动,正负期现基差对国债波动影响具有非对称特征。     

伦敦铜与上海铜期货价格引导和波动溢出效应

本文对伦敦铜期货价格和上海铜期货价格引导关系进行了实证研究。首先,使用VECM-DCC-MVGARCH模型分析了两个期货市场的价格引导关系、市场之间的波动溢出效应和两个市场的动态条件相关关系。其次,通过方差分析了两个市场对信息反应的速度以及短期的相互动态关系。实证结果表明伦敦铜期货价格和上海铜期货价格互为Granger因果关系,但上海铜期货价格变动要领先于伦敦铜期货价格,并且两个市场之间存在双向的波动溢出效应。得到的结论与以往不同,对套期保值者及投资者有重要的指导意义。     

我国钢材期货价格与现货价格关系研究

本文借助于Johansen协整检验、误差修正和方差分解模型,分析和检验了我国钢材期货价格和现货价格之间的关系,研究结果显示:我国钢材期货价格和现货价格之间存在长期均衡关系;短期內期货价格的反向修正机制能很好地发挥作用,而现货价格的调整则主要是通过期货价格的调整来完成;期货价格对现货价格具有单向引导作用;期货市场价格的短期波动对现货市场价格的影响较大,反之则不然.我国钢材期货市场已能很好地发挥其价格发现功能,具有较高的市场效率.     

不同到期日期货价格有效性的实证检验

随着期货市场对经济的稳定作用越来越明显,期货市场上现货价格与期货价格之间的动态关系以及我国期货市场的运行效率等一系列问题越来越受到监管者和投资者的关注。本文借助协整检验、误差修正模型(ECM)和脉冲响应等方法,以上海期货交易所金属铜期货品种为例,研究了不同到期日期货的期货价格与现货价格之间的动态关系,刻画出期货市场在价格发现中作用的大小。研究表明金属铜的期货价格与现货价格之间存在长期均衡关系,期货价格与现货价格相互作用、相互影响且互为因果关系,并且期货市场在价格发现功能中处于主导地位。     

Futures Trading Activity and Commodity Cash Price Volatility

Abstract:   This paper examines the lead‐lag relationship between futures trading activity (volume and open interest) and cash price volatility for major agricultural commodities. Granger causality tests and generalized forecast error variance decompositions show that an unexpected increase in futures trading volume unidirectionally causes an increase in cash price volatility for most commodities. Likewise, there is a weak causal feedback between open interest and cash price volatility. These findings are generally consistent with the destabilizing effect of futures trading on agricultural commodity markets.     

Futures Commitments and Exchange Rate Volatility

It is commonly suggested that certain groups of futures traders, such as speculators and small traders, exacerbate cash market volatility. Empirical research on the subject has been conducted in context of the relationship between price volatility and futures volume or open interest and fails to satisfactorily resolve such an issue. This paper examines the relationship between exchange rate variability and futures trading activity in the context of disaggregated open interest. The data and techniques employed allow for more specific inferences regarding which group of traders contribute to exchange volatility. The results suggest that while 'typical' levels of futures commitments are not destabilizing, surges in the level of commitments of large speculators and small traders causes exchange rate volatility. The actual release of the commitment-of-traders data, however, has no impact on spot prices.     

The price discovery of day trading activities in futures market

Access to information is necessary for market transparency. However, contrary to trading volume and open interest, information related to day trading activities is rarely available. By incorporating unexplored day trading volume in the literature, this paper demonstrates that both the expected open interest and expected day trading volume are consistently and positively correlated with returns, but that one-lagged day trading volume is negatively correlated with futures returns. Meanwhile, both expected and unexpected day trading volume are negatively correlated with volatility, suggesting that arbitrage activities related to unexpected day trading volume may accelerate the movement of futures prices to a new equilibrium. Moreover, open interest provides liquidity but increases volatility. Finally, we strongly suggest that day trading transaction information be released by futures exchanges to achieve greater transparency.     

From pit to electronic trading: Impact on price volatility of U.S. Treasury futures

This paper investigates the dynamics of price volatility and trading volume of 10-year U.S. Treasury note futures within the context of transition from pit to electronic trading. The analysis is conducted over four discernible phases of futures trading evolution: the pit-only phase, the leap to electronic trading, and the electronic trading dominant phase, which is divided further into two periods, the before and after the financial crisis of 2007/2009. Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity with in-mean conditional variance and generalized error distribution parameterization (GARCH-M-GED) tests are conducted to examine the conditional volatility of total returns index as a function of trading volume. The empirical results show a consistently negative relationship between the trading volume and price volatility for all four analyzed phases. They also show decreasing leptokurtosis (except for the direct effects of the recent crisis), continuously high persistency in volatility, as well as a weakening impact of unexpected ARCH-type shocks during the most recent analyzed period. Overall, the shift to electronic trading entails a substantial increase in trading volume, but not in price volatility of Treasury futures.     

Volume and Volatility in Foreign Currency Futures Markets

In this paper we propose and test several hypotheses concerning time series properties of trading volume, price, short and long-term relationships between price and volume and the determinants of trading volume in forcign currency futures. The nearby contracts for British Pound, Canadian Dollar, Japanese Yen, German Mark and Swiss Franc are analyzed in three frequencies i.e. daily, weekly and monthly.We find supportive evidence for all the five currencies that the price volatility is a determinant of the trading volume changes. Furthermore, the volatility of the price process is a determinant of the unexpected component of the changes in trading volume. Also, there is a significant relationship between the volatility of price and the volatility of trading volume changes for three of the five currencies in the daily frequency and for one currency in the monthly frequency.     

Samuelson Hypothesis & Indian Commodity Derivatives Market

Samuelson (1965) devised that futures price volatility increases as the futures contract approaches its expiration. The relation amid the volatility and time to maturity has significant inference for hedging strategies. Interestingly, so far the empirical evidence in favor of the Samuelson Hypothesis (maturity effect) is mixed in various markets. Considering no significant work to examine the relationship is so far carried out in commodity derivative markets of India, this paper ordeal the Samuelson Hypothesis on 8 commodities traded on Multi-Commodity Exchange (MCX), India. We have examined the issue by applying different regression techniques to test the hypothesis for 8 commodities (Aluminium, Nickel, Copper, Gold, Silver, Natural Gas, Crude Oil and Wheat) using inter-day data on MCX India. In order to test the Samuelson’s hypothesis, tests have been conducted using a series of GARCH, EGARCH and TGARCH models by including trading volume, open interest and time-to-maturity in the conditional variance equation. From our results, it is concluded that Samuelson’s hypothesis does not hold true for majority of commodity contracts considered. Our results also find that volatility series depend on the trading volume, compared to the time-to-maturity or open interest. As Samuelson hypothesis does not hold true for majority of commodity contracts, traders in Indian commodity derivative markets should not bias their decisions solely based on the time-to-maturity, but should also consider trading volume and open interest as they are an important determinant of price volatility. They should also consider the possibility of leverage effect while predicting future price volatilities, and the associated margin requirements.     

The impacts of futures trading on volatility and volatility asymmetry of Bitcoin returns

The impact of Bitcoin futures introduction on the underlying Bitcoin volatility has been a controversial topic. Conflicting results had been obtained from different sample periods and methodologies. To address this debate, this study examines the impact of futures trading on volatility and volatility asymmetry of Bitcoin returns in the short and long run. Using exponential GARCH models, we introduce a dummy in the variance equation to capture the changes in the volatility after the introduction of Bitcoin futures. We find that after the introduction, spot return volatility decreases in the short run, but increases in the long run. Besides, in the short run, there exists an inverse leverage effect before and after the introduction; in the long run, the inverse leverage effect before the introduction changes to a usual level effect after the introduction. Finally, we examine whether greater futures trading activity, proxied by trading volume and open interest, is associated with greater Bitcoin volatility. To do so, we decompose each proxy into expected and unexpected components and document that, in the long run, Bitcoin volatility covaries positively with unexpected futures trading volume, but negatively with unexpected futures open interest.     

Information, Trading Demand, and Futures Price Volatility

We examine the relation between futures price volatility and trading demand by type of trader in the Standard & Poor's (S&P) 500-stock index futures market. We find that volatility covaries negatively with signed speculative demand shocks but is positively related to signed hedging demand shocks. No significant relation between volatility and demand shocks for small traders is found. Our results suggest that changes in positions of large hedgers destabilize the market, whereas changes in positions of large speculators stabilize volatility. Consistent with models with asymmetrically informed traders, we find that large speculators are likely to possess superior forecasting ability, large hedgers behave like positive feedback traders, and small traders are liquidity traders.     

Futures-Trading Activity and Stock Price Volatility

We examine whether greater futures-trading activity (volume and open interest) is associated with greater equity volatility. We partition each trading activity series into expected and unexpected components, and document that while equity volatility covaries positively with unexpected futures-trading volume, it is negatively related to forecastable futures-trading activity. Further, though futures-trading activity is systematically related to the futures contract life cycle, we find no evidence of a relation between the futures life cycle and spot equity volatility. These findings are consistent with theories predicting that active futures markets enhance the liquidity and depth of the equity markets.     

The relationship between futures trading activity and exchange rate volatility,revisited

This paper examines the relationship between trading activity in currency futures and exchange rate volatility. In order to measure trading activity, the paper uses both volume and open interest to distinguish between speculators/day traders and hedgers. The study uses three different measures of volatility: (1) the extreme value estimator that measures intra-day volatility; (2) historical volatility; and (3) conditional volatility from the GARCH (1, 1) process. Main finding is that speculators and day traders destabilize the market for futures. Whether hedgers stabilize or destabilize the market is inconclusive. The results suggest that speculators’ demand for futures goes down in response to increased volatility. Meanwhile, the demand from hedgers shows mixed results, depending on the method used to measure volatility.