金融危机对会计工作的影响及对策

当前金融危机的发生使会计赖以生存的环境发生了重大变化，会计行业正在经历一场新的变革。在传统会计迎接由金融危机带来的挑战的同时，会计人员在企业管理中充当的角色正在转变，许多跨国企业的管理层开始考虑企业如何应对这些变化。会计部门必须首先着手变革，为企业管理变革起协调和推动作用。     

金融危机对会计工作的影响及对策

当前金融危机的发生使会计赖以生存的环境发生了重大变化.会计行业正在经历一场新的变革.在传统会计迎接由金融危机带来的挑战的同时,会计人员在企业管理中充当的角色正在转变,许多跨国企业的管理层开始考虑企业如何应对这些变化.会计部门必须首先着手变革,为企业管理变革起协调和推动作甩.     

浅析企业内部审计如何应对信息化环境的挑战

本文对企业内部审计如何应对信息环境的挑战进行了分析,信息技术在企业内部审计工作中的广泛应用,给其审计目标、范围、职能、技术等方面带来了变化和挑战。应对这些挑战,企业应做到全面贯彻落实"三个前提";加强学习,创新技术;实现需求,合理转变;应对信息化环境下的企业内部审计风险。     

全球化背景下中国企业与跨国企业经营策略竞争分析

在全球化浪潮下,经济全球化的发展促进了一批国外企业走出国门,发展成为跨国企业以扩张国际市场和取得更大的利润空间;而改革开放的春风,造就了一批民族企业的兴旺发展。通过中国企业与跨国企业的在华以及世界市场上的经营策略分析,达到取长补短,以应对跨国企业的挑战。     

浅谈跨国企业境内外资金池管理问题

随着改革开放的深入与经济全球化的进一步加强，企业规模越来越大，管理机制也逐渐成熟，出现了许多跨国企业。跨国企业在生产经营中，面临的国际环境复杂，市场竞争激烈，尤其是在资金池管理的问题上，一旦出现些许不足，对企业的发展都有极大影响。所以，对跨国企业来说，在面临复杂的国内外环境下，如何加强企业的资金管理促进企业的顺利发展是企业管理中的重点。本文在此背景下，对跨国企业的资金池做简要的概述，分析目前跨国企业资金池管理中的制约因素，并进一步提出解决的措施，希望能够给企业管理者提供一些思考。     

2014年这些跨国企业在华过得真糟心!

<正>相比过去享受超国民待遇时的辉煌,现在,一些跨国企业在中国的日子不大好过了。中国经济增长逐渐放慢、来自中国企业的竞争日趋激烈以及劳动力成本上升,这些因素结合在一起,影响了在华外企的利润。还有电商冲击和反垄断审查,增加了跨国企业在中国的负担。下面,就盘点到底有哪些跨国企业,2014年在中国的日子过得不顺心呢?     

基于内部审计的企业全面风险管理研究

企业的经营发展过程中存在着诸多风险,有挑战也有机遇。这些风险是否会对企业发展产生影响,动摇企业根本,主要取决于企业对风险的管理。而在企业管理中,内部审计作为一种监督控制手段,其同样具备着对企业风险进行管理与控制的作用。本文从内部审计与企业风险管理的涵义入手,对内部审计职能及其在企业风险管理中的作用进行分析,并在此基础上详细评述了内部审计职能在企业管理中的发挥与应用,得出相关结论供同行参考。     

关于施工企业财务共享中心发挥会计监督职能的探讨

随着经济全球化的发展,跨国企业不断涌现并取得惊人发展,规模的扩张及分支机构的不断增设给跨国公司的发展也带来了不少问题。20世纪80年代,大型跨国企业推出了一种创新的管理模式——共享服务管理模式。20世纪末,共享服务中心由国外咨询公司或业务外包公司传入中国。大型施工企业建立财务共享中心,使会计业务由项目分散实地核算变成集中专业核算,普遍职能由项目内部部门职能变成了项目部与财务共享中心委托管理来实现其职能。会计的两大基本职能是会计核算职能和会计监督职能,这一转变使得会计基础工作质量和会计信息质量得到了提高,会计核算职能发挥得更加完善。在新的环境下,会计监督职能如何得到实现是本文探讨的重点。     

论新经济条件下会计的管理职能探讨

在新经济条件下,企业发展的内外部环境发生了巨大的变化,对会计发挥管理职能以适应新形式变化并服务企业发展战略提出了新的要求。本文在界定新经济环境和分析会计的管理职能的基础上,论述了新经济条件下会计管理职能存在的问题,并针对这些问题给出了相应的解决措施。     

小微企业财务管理问题及对策研究

财务管理是企业管理的一个至关重要的部分,是开展企业财务活动、协调财务关系的重要经济管理工作.在当前新的经济形势下,小微企业对推动国内经济高质量发展发挥着重要作用,但全球一体化发展,跨国企业纷纷布局国内市场,在刺激经济增长的同时,也给小微企业带来了诸多挑战.小微企业在长期以来的发展中积累了不少问题,这些问题在社会环境的影...     

盈余管理、事务所客户资源控制权的归属与审计质量——来自中国证券市场的经验证据

与西方市场仅能观察到事务所变更不同的是,中国资本市场还同时提供了审计师变更的佐证。基于此,本文应用新制度经济学中的资产专有理论,从审计师和事务所两个角度,分析了中国证券市场特有的审计师/事务所变更行为,并结合盈余管理和审计意见进一步分析这种行为的原因和后果。文章通过对比签字审计师离开事务所并带走客户的公司与签字审计师离开事务所没有带走客户的公司后,发现在审计师跳槽之前,公司的盈余管理越强,越会跟随审计师到新的事务所,表明客户资源的控制权归审计师而非事务所所有。并且,我们还发现,这类公司在审计师变更前的审计质量更差。本文的研究丰富了审计理论的研究手段和现有成果,并对于规范审计师行为和提高审计独立性具有积极的理论价值和现实意义。     

Financial and Economic Management in Autonomized Dutch Public Organizations

Alongside with the introduction of New Public Management, many governmental organizations in the Netherlands were autonomized. The aim of this paper is to analyze the changes in financial and economic management that accompanied these autonomizations. Case research was carried out in six public organizations. The financial management of these organizations improved somewhat after the autonomization. However, there were hardly any real changes in the economic management. The paper gives an overview of the changes in financial and economic management. It also discusses what factors might have prevented the realization of the planned changes in the (financial and) economic management.     

《金融工具确认和计量》准则对基金投资的影响

现行会计准则体系中《金融工具确认和计量》准则首次对金融工具的确认和计量做出了相关规定。本文分析了该准则对基金投资可能产生的影响，认为一方面公允价值计量模式将引起基金估值的变化，另一方面公允价值变动可能引起基金分红规模的扩大，这对基金投资者的影响是显而易见的。本文结合这两方面的影响对基金投资提出了相关建议。     

Inflation and the evolution of firm-level liquid assets

This paper shows that inflation has been an important determinant of firm-level liquid asset holdings. Liquid assets as a share of total assets – the cash ratio – for U.S. corporations steadily declined from the 1960s to the early 1980s, and has since steadily increased. Our empirical analysis finds that inflation is a key factor accounting for these changes. We show that these liquid asset holdings are imperfectly hedged against inflation. Hence, changes in inflation alter the real value of a firm’s liquid asset portfolio causing them to readjust these balances.     

Price and volatility spillovers between interest rate and exchange value of the US dollar

In this paper, the dynamic relationships between interest rate and exchange value of the US dollar are studied via a multivariate Exponential Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) model. In terms of price changes, movements of interest rates have positive effects on movements of exchange rates. However, changes in exchange rates do not explain changes in interest rates. Nevertheless, there exists volatility spillovers between the two markets, indicating that their second moments are related. Overall evidence suggests that these two markets have short-term dynamic interactions. The existence of volatility spillovers also suggests that the relationships between these two economic variables are not necessarily linear.     

Informed Traders and Price Variations in the Betting Market for Professional Basketball Games

This paper examines betting line changes from the opening to the closing of the point spread betting market on National Basketball Association games for evidence of informed trader betting. We show that within-betting period line changes significantly improve the accuracy of betting lines as forecasts of game outcomes. We examine individual line change magnitudes and show that these are directly and proportionately related to biases in opening lines. Further, line changes are of sufficient magnitude to remove these biases by the close of betting. We interpret these results as evidence that informed traders are influential in this market.     

The generation of stock market cycles

This paper demonstrates that the relation between stock market and business cycle dynamics can be conceptualized using a dividend discount model. The interaction of changes in earnings and interest rates throughout the economic cycle are shown to cause changes in the level of stock prices. This implies that monitoring and forecasting these factors can help explain and possibly predict stock price behavior over time.     

The Effect of Volatility Changes on the Level of Stock Prices and Subsequent Expected Returns

This paper estimates volatility changes in daily returns to the Dow Jones Industrial Average over the sample period 1897 through 1988. This allows a direct investigation of the reaction of the level of stock prices and subsequent expected returns to these estimated changes in volatility. We provide empirical evidence consistent with relatively large and systematic revisions in stock prices and subsequent expected returns to volatility changes. However, there appears to be an asymmetry in the market's reaction to volatility increases as opposed to volatility decreases. A majority of our volatility changes cannot be associated with the release of significant economic information.     

Corporate Financial Policy,Information, and Market Expectations: An Empirical Investigation of Dividends

This paper documents a relationship between announcements of unexpected changes in financial policy and unexpected changes in performance of the firm. Using a new methodology that combines analysis of stock price movements and earnings forecast data, the authors provide evidence that analysts revise their earnings forecasts following the announcement of an unexpected dividend change by an amount positively related to the size of the unexpected dividend change. They also provide evidence that these revisions are positively related to the change in equity value surrounding the announcement. Further, they find that these revisions are consistent with rationality. Their results therefore provide direct evidence consistent with the hypothesis that unexpected dividend changes signal information about firm performance to market participants.     

Overview

Abstract

From the inception of Social Security in 1935 to the present time, a variety of measures for evaluating the actuarial status of the program have been employed. In addition, how the results of these measures have been displayed and interpreted has also evolved. These results have had great influence on policymakers’ and the general public’s perceptions of the financial condition of the program. This paper is intended to be an update of my earlier paper on the same subject, that is, a historical review of the development of these methods and their interpretation. The paper closes with suggestions as to future changes in the measurement methods, in the light of possible future changes in the program itself.