What doesn't kill you makes you stronger: The evolution of competition and entry‐order advantages in economically turbulent contexts

We examine the evolution of competition and entry‐order advantages in markets under macroeconomic distress. Through formal modeling of early‐mover advantages along industry life cycles subjected to economic shocks and based on simulation findings, we propose that such shocks exogenously induce temporary industry discontinuities that shift the relative value of distinct asset endowments, thereby switching the bases for competitive advantages vis‐à‐vis those found in stable contexts. A vital trade‐off then emerges between a firm's financial flexibility and its pace of investments in isolating mechanisms, such that the former operates as a contingency factor for the latter. As such, flexibility superiority boosts early‐entrants' advantages, while it alternatively gives laggards a much desired strength to out trump first‐mover rivals. Our study informs entry‐order advantage theory and management practice in economically turbulent contexts. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

跨国公司在粤设立地区总部的现状及对策研究

跨国公司在东道国设立的地区总部对当地的总部经济发展具有重要的意义。本研究通过访谈调查和问卷调查研究发现,跨国公司在粤设立的地区总部存在数量少、母国属地中发达国家少等问题,而影响跨国公司总部选址的主要因素则有政策导向、人才与研发、基础设施与专业服务配套、区位优势与国际化平台,本文在以上研究的基础上提出了若干吸引跨国公司来粤设立地区总部的对策建议。     

中国参与国际金融危机治理与西方危机治理模式的比较

与以"华盛顿共识"为代表的西方金融危机治理模式相比,中国参与国际金融危机治理有着自身独特的理念和行为方式,并能够在治理实践中不断拓展和深化。通过两者的对比分析,在借鉴西方有益经验和摒弃失误局限的基础上,中国才能在参与国际金融危机治理过程中发挥自身的优势、做出建设性的贡献。     

基于Canopy-K-means算法的半挂汽车列车行驶数据分析

为实时监测车辆行驶状态,建立了基于Canopy-K-means算法的车辆行驶安全特征分类模型.采用Canopy-K-means聚类算法对车辆行驶数据进行挖掘分析,以欧氏距离大小作为数据集属性间的相似性分类指标,得到表征不同行驶安全特征的离线聚类质心;搭建T ruckSim与Simulink联合仿真平台,设置定半径变车速和方向盘斜阶跃输入仿真工况对车辆行驶状态进行在线识别;同时为验证该方法在实车上的应用效果,设置相同工况对离线聚类质心进行验证分析.仿真和实车结果表明:基于Canopy-K-means算法的数据挖掘方法可以对不同行驶状态数据进行分类,得到的表征不同行驶安全特征的聚类质心能在一定程度上对车辆行驶稳定性进行评价,可以作为车辆控制和预警的判定依据.     

The impact of aligned rewards and senior manager attitudes on conflict and collaboration between sales and marketing

This research was carried out using five case studies and a survey to discover how sales and marketing managers are rewarded and if alignment of rewards can improve collaboration between sales and marketing and/or reduce inter-functional conflict. In addition, it examined the role of senior managers' support for coordination on sales/marketing collaboration. The results reveal that organizations which use aligned rewards can increase sales/marketing collaboration through such reward structures, but not reduce inter-functional conflict. In addition, senior managers' support for coordination is vital, as it increases sales/marketing collaboration, and strongly reduces inter-functional conflict. This is important because inter-functional conflict has a strong negative impact on collaboration between sales and marketing in business to business firms.     

A state space augmentation algorithm for the replenishment cycle inventory policy

In this work we propose an efficient dynamic programming approach for computing replenishment cycle policy parameters under non-stationary stochastic demand and service level constraints. The replenishment cycle policy is a popular inventory control policy typically employed for dampening planning instability. The approach proposed in this work achieves a significant computational efficiency and it can solve any relevant size instance in trivial time. Our method exploits the well known concept of state space relaxation. A filtering procedure and an augmenting procedure for the state space graph are proposed. Starting from a relaxed state space graph our method tries to remove provably suboptimal arcs and states (filtering) and then it tries to efficiently build up (augmenting) a reduced state space graph representing the original problem. Our experimental results show that the filtering procedure and the augmenting procedure often generate a small filtered state space graph, which can be easily processed using dynamic programming in order to produce a solution for the original problem.     

科研实践是印刷机械专业创新型人才培养的关键

随着知识经济时代的到来,印刷设备制造工业对创新型人才的需求日益上升。只有加强本科生的科研实践训练,才能培养出符合时代需要以及国家发展需要的创新型人才。本文提出加强印刷机械专业大学生科研实践训练的几点措施,其中包括重视大学生科协的建设;鼓励教师指导大学生建立科研创新团队;加强大学生科研实践训练平台的建设;鼓励开放研究生课题,吸引本科生的加入,从而实现本科生和研究生联合进行科研实践活动。通过实践验证了这些方法的有效性和可行性。     

Family and Lone Founder Ownership and Strategic Behaviour: Social Context,Identity, and Institutional Logics

There is controversy in the literature about the effects of ownership on strategy and performance. Some scholars have taken agency explanations as definitive, arguing that closely held firms outperform. Empirical studies, however, show conflicting findings for firms with concentrated ownership: lone founder firms outperform, family firms do not. Such conflicts may be due to the failure of agency theory to distinguish between the social contexts of these different types of owners. We argue that explanations of performance must take into account not simply ownership, but who are the owners or executives and how their social contexts may influence their strategic priorities. Family owners and CEOs, influenced by family stakeholders in the business, are argued to assume the role identities and logics of family nurturers and thus strategies of conservation. By contrast, lone founders, influenced by a wider set of market‐oriented stakeholders, are argued to embrace the identities and logics of entrepreneurs and strategies of growth. Family founders and founder‐executives are held to blend both orientations. These notions are supported in a study of Fortune 1000 companies.     

Threshold estimation of Markov models with jumps and interest rate modeling

We reconstruct the level-dependent diffusion coefficient of a univariate semimartingale with jumps which is observed discretely. The consistency and asymptotic normality of our estimator are provided in the presence of both finite and infinite activity (finite variation) jumps. Our results rely on kernel estimation, using the properties of the local time of the data generating process, and the fact that it is possible to disentangle the discontinuous part of the state variable through those squared increments between observations not exceeding a suitable threshold function. We also reconstruct the drift and the jump intensity coefficients when they are level-dependent and jumps have finite activity, through consistent and asymptotically normal estimators. Simulated experiments show that the newly proposed estimators perform better in finite samples than alternative estimators, and this allows us to reexamine the estimation of a univariate model for the short term interest rate, for which we find fewer jumps and more variance due to the diffusion part than previous studies.     

“菜贱伤农”与“菜贵伤民”的两难悖论分析

"菜贱伤农"与"菜贵伤民"实为悖论的两难问题却同时发生。本文通过调查研究,表明现象的背后存在着目前我国农业生产组织化程度太低、农民缺乏议价权、流通成本高、信息不对称、农蔬产品供销的"最后一公里"存在高昂的"广义租金"等种种问题。通过对策分析,文章指出政府在解题中要扮演的重要角色和应发挥的重要作用,并就农蔬产品产供销产业链的上游、中游、下游分别提出积极的政策建议。