Leading on land and sea: Competencies and context

The purpose of this study was to identify the competencies hospitality unit leaders perceived to be most critical for career development, and to determine whether perceptions of the importance of various skills and attributes/abilities varied when leaders worked in different organizational contexts. Leaders from two hospitality segments, land-based hotels and ocean-based cruise ships, participated in the study. Findings indicated notable differences between the two samples on a number of items.     

增量预算和零基预算在战略控制过程中的选择应用

本文从战略控制的角度,研究战略控制的其中一种方法——预算控制,预算控制中的两种方法增量预算和零基预算的优缺点,从而得出在什么情况下用哪一种方法比较合理。     

ST制度能否作为一种选择机制吗?

究竟是什么决定了ST公司的命运？本文利用顺序Logit回归模型，对142家ST企业的三种不同命运（恢复正常、仍然ST和停牌）进行了研究。公司在ST时期内的经营绩效、资本结构以及公司治理等方面解释这些因素对ST公司命运的影响。研究结果发现，公司的经营绩效以及债务结构对ST公司生存与否具有显著影响，而资本大小以及社会法人持股比例并没有显著影响。结论表明，ST制度有助于财务健全以及经营良好的企业生存，ST期间在财务结构以及经营绩效得到改善的企业可以重新成为正常类公司。     

日本移动通信频率选择技术动向

本文介绍日本在移动通信中频率选择的技术动向以及开展移动通信频率资源的几项措施。     

模糊机会约束规划下的投资组合模型研究

证券的历史数据和专家对证券未来表现的判断是证券收益率的两个重要信息，本文用基于上述两个信息的可能性分布描述证券收益率的不确定性，并结合可能性理论的三个测度——可能性测度、必要性测度、可信性测度，建立了基于模糊机会约束规划的乐观型、悲观型和折衷型投资组合模型，并且得到了各模型的最优解的解析式。最后给出算例予以说明。     

EDUCATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP SELECTION AND PERFORMANCE: A REVIEW OF THE EMPIRICAL LITERATURE

Abstract This paper provides a review of empirical studies into the impact of formal schooling on entrepreneurship selection and performance in industrial countries. We describe the main effects found in the literature, we explain the variance in results across almost a hundred studies, and we put the empirical results in the context of related economic theory and the much further developed literature in labor economics (studying the rate of return to education among wage employees). Five main conclusions result from this meta‐analysis. First, the impact of education on selection into entrepreneurship is insignificant. Second, the effect of education on performance is positive and significant. Third, the return to a marginal year of schooling is 6.1% for an entrepreneur. Fourth, the effect of education on earnings is smaller for entrepreneurs than for employees in Europe, but larger in the USA. Fifth, the returns to schooling in entrepreneurship are higher in the USA than in Europe, higher for females than for males, and lower for non‐whites or immigrants. In conclusion, we offer a number of suggestions to move the research frontier in this area of inquiry. The entrepreneurship literature on education can benefit from the technical sophistication used to estimate the returns to schooling for employees.     

会计师事务所发展战略及其选择

会计师事务所是个知识密集型的行业,本文从分析会计师事务所的行业特征入手,指出会计师事务所主要有专业化、多元化和规模化三种发展战略,并论述了选择发展战略的原则。     

我国旅游类博士论文选题的共词分析

共词分析方法可进行深入的主题分析,直观地揭示学科的微观结构及其发展状况。在确定30个高频关键词的基础上,以SPSS软件为分析工具,采用因子分析、分层聚类分析与战略坐标图分析等方法对1989-2009年间中国国内旅游类博士论文选题进行共词分析,探讨了博士论文选题的热点领域,展现了当前旅游学科的研究结构,揭示了博士论文的核心研究主题以及各主题所处状态与内、外部联系。     

Modelling Overdispersion for Complex Survey Data

The population characteristics observed by selecting a complex sample from a finite identified population are the result of at least two processes: the process which generates the values attached to the units in the finite population, and the process of selecting the sample of units from the population. In this paper we propose that the resulting observations by viewed as the joint realization of both processes. We overcome the inherent difflculty in modelling the joint processes of generation and selection by exploring second moment and other simplifying assumptions. We obtain general expressions for the mean and covariance function of the joint processes and show that several overdispersion models discussed in the literature for the analysis of complex surveys are a direct consequence of our formulation, undere particular sampling schemes and population structures.     

基于模块化的大型企业国际化战略路径设计

全球价值网络模块化为大型企业实现国际化目标提供了重要路径。按照“系统或流程模块化—组织架构模块化—系统规则设计”这一研究思路,论证了大型企业构建全球模块化价值网络的两阶段过程,设计了保障全球模块化价值网络有效运行的选择机制、联动机制和激励机制,以期为大型企业整合全球资源提供制度保障。同时,选取中国商飞为典型案例,探讨其在国际化进程中利用模块化方式整合全球优势资源的实践,为中国大型企业国际化战略提供可操作性路径。