Knowledge flows and the geography of networks: A strategic model of small world formation

This paper aims to demonstrate that the strategic approach to link formation can generate networks that share some of the main structural properties of most real social networks. For this purpose, we introduce a spatialized variation of the Connections model [Jackson, M.O., Wolinsky, A., 1996. A strategic model of social and economic networks. Journal of Economic Theory 71, 44–74] to describe the strategic formation of links by agents who balance the benefits of forming links resulting from imperfect knowledge flows against their costs, which increase with geographic distance. We show, for intermediate levels of knowledge transferability, clustering occurs in geographical space and a few agents sustain distant connections. Such networks exhibit the small world property (high clustering and short average relational distances). When the costs of link formation are normally distributed across agents, asymmetric degree distributions are also obtained.     

Returns from social capital in open source software networks

Open Source Software projects base their operation on a collaborative structure for knowledge exchange in the form of provision or reception of information, expertise and feedback on the creation of source code. Here, we address the direction of these knowledge flows among projects throughout social networks and their impact on project success. We identify the roles of membership or contribution that individuals play within projects. We found that connections through contributors who bring their knowledge to the project, improve project success, and that connection through members, who transfer their knowledge towards other projects, enhance project success. Finally, we found that ties through shared membership and contributions hamper project success. The analysis of knowledge flows and their impact on project success imply a translation of returns from investment in social capital, where investment takes the shape of knowledge flows and the returns mean the projects’ diffusion over the network.

Technological innovation and knowledge network in Asia: Evidence from comparison of information and communication technologies among six countries

South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, China and India have become much larger force in the world economy. Due to the enormous contribution of the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in economic growth, this study investigates four main issues related to technological innovation and knowledge network in ICT among six countries. First, indicators of technological innovation were evaluated and used to compare capability of technological innovation in ICT between the six countries. Secondly, differences in innovation configurations among six countries were manifested. Thirdly, relative innovation strengths of these six countries were examined in five sub-technological fields. Finally, this study consists of analyzing the interactions into knowledge network among them; moreover, this study manifests the difference of knowledge network in five sub-technological field of ICT. The empirical findings of this study, based on analysis of a patent and citation dataset comprised of all patents granted by the U.S. Patents and Trademark Office (USPTO) to assignees in six countries from 1976 to 2006, are helpful to understand the comparative development of technological innovation of ICT in six countries.     

知识生产研究综述

对知识生产的研究成果进行了梳理,明确了知识生产的概念;对研究现状进行了分析,指出当前知识生产的基地主要是高等院校,传播途径主要是信息咨询服务,而计算机技术则是知识生产的主要工具。探讨了知识生产的机制、模式及其绩效评价。指出在该领域研究中存在的一些问题,并进一步探讨了今后可重点研究的几个方向。     

企业隐性知识转移中的知识产权风险及其规避研究

隐性知识往往是企业知识中最重要的部分,是企业核心竞争力的基础,要实现企业的知识创新就必须实现隐性知识的转移;但知识和知识产权所固有的特性增加了知识转移中的知识产权风险。分析了企业隐性知识转移中知识产权风险产生的机理,列举了知识产权风险的主要表现形式,在此基础上提出了相应的风险规避措施建议。     

供应链知识纵向转移特征研究

在提出供应链知识组成的基础上,研究了供应链知识纵向转移的特征。这些特征包括:第一,供应链纵向上长期联盟的各节点企业之间极少共享各自在供应链运作中的采购、生产、发运和退货知识,合作支持他们实现专业化;第二,这些企业在态度和行为上的相似性主要源于供应链目标管理知识和供应链运作中计划知识的共享。这些特征支持知识输出方在贡献知识后获取收益,因而使主动推进供应链知识纵向转移成为企业的一种战略选择。     

外包中知识吸收能力的影响因素分析

外包合作是代工企业获取外部知识以及提升创新能力的重要来源,而代工企业的吸收能力对知识的成功转移起着极为重要的作用。研究在外包中哪些因素将影响代工企业的知识吸收能力。研究表明：代工企业自身的先验知识、组织学习的意愿和能力、外包合作方的信任水平和沟通程度、研发投入状况等与其在外包中的吸收能力密切相关。     

知识吸收与企业家导向对自主创新的影响研究

如何通过知识吸收促进自主创新能力提高是企业面临的重要挑战。在回顾以往研究的基础上,综合考虑企业家导向、外部知识获取、内部知识共享与自主创新之间的影响关系,建立了一个自主创新研究的理论框架。并指出：内部知识共享是外部知识获取促进自主创新能力提高的重要途径;企业家导向与外部知识获取的交互影响提高了企业内部知识共享程度;企业家导向能够增强内部知识共享对自主创新的促进作用。     

心理契约视角下知识型员工激励系统的优化

心理契约是联系员工和组织的心理纽带,是正式劳务合约的有益补充。它改变了传统经济学从"自私自利"的角度研究雇员,把经济契约和心理契约有机结合,有利于提高雇员的积极性,促进组织的高效率。以知识型员工作为研究对象,结合知识型员工及其心理契约的特点,提出优化知识型员工心理契约激励系统的路径。     

团队内部粘滞性知识共享的模型构建与管理对策

首先回顾了知识共享和粘滞性知识的相关文献,随后从知识共享主体、共享客体、共享媒介以及外界环境4个方面对团队内部粘滞性知识的共享模型进行构建。并以此为基础,提出了若干降低共享过程知识粘滞性的对策。