科技人才组织领地行为如何影响其离职意向

基于资源保存理论视角,以科技人才为研究对象,关注其组织领地行为对离职意向的影响机制,并探究心理所有权的中介作用、婚姻的调节作用以及婚姻与心理所有权共同产生的被调节的中介作用。建立基于科技人才婚姻情况与心理所有权的被调节的中介作用模型,运用问卷调查方法收集全国各地高新技术企业、高等院校、科研院所等科技人才共411份有效问卷,展开实证分析。结果表明：不考虑婚姻的调节作用时,科技人才组织领地行为对离职意向的直接影响不显著,心理所有权对这种直接影响也无中介作用;考虑到婚姻的调节作用,未婚群体的组织领地行为越强,离职意向越强烈;在被调节的中介作用模型中,婚姻状况在心理所有权对组织领地行为与离职意向间的中介作用起到了调节作用,具体表现为未婚群体组织领地行为通过组织心理所有权的部分中介作用负向影响离职意向,通过直接影响机制正向影响离职意向。     

健康物联网技术应用伦理难题研究

健康物联网（H-IoT）技术进步带来医疗健康等领域的革命性变化,并为医疗、保健、护理和科学研究带来新机遇。由于互联网设备的固有风险、健康数据的敏感性以及医疗保健服务形式的转变,H-IoT技术应用将带来一系列伦理难题,具体包括：加剧个人信息泄露风险、H-IoT数据所有权与有效性的冲突、数据主体自主权与数据共享的冲突,以及由H-IoT介导护理产生的用户社会孤立化、医疗去情景化以及护理非专业化等。以国际代表性研究成果的理论框架为参考,从设备、数据协议、实践等层面分析未来需重点解决的H-IoT技术进步与应用伦理难题。     

高技术企业联盟所有权配置动态博弈与实证研究

高技术企业通过联盟可以获得技术诀窍,分享合作剩余,但所有权配置对联盟合作绩效产生重要影响。不完全合同框架下的动态博弈模型与实证分析表明,拥有控制权是企业披露诀窍的基本条件,企业的诀窍披露和努力投入决策会因所有权结构的不同发生改变,这对探索联盟科学治理途径,提高企业合作创新绩效具有重要启示和指导意义。     

上市公司股权结构与现金持有水平关系的实证分析

从公司治理视角出发,以中国上市公司为样本,对股权结构与企业现金持有决策关系进行了理论与实证分析.结果表明,经理人员持股比例、流通A股比例与企业现金持有水平显著正相关;法人股比例、股权集中度与企业现金持有水平显著负相关;第一大股东持股比例与企业现金持有水平正相关,但不显著;国有股比例与企业现金持有水平负相关,但极不显著.     

权力平等分配是否有利于家族代理效率提升——家族控制、内部股权集中度与代理效率研究

家族企业的两类代理问题是家族企业区别于其他类型企业的特色之一。文章以深市上市家族企业为研究对象,对家族控制权与代理效率之间的关系,以及股权在家族成员之间的配置中的调节作用进行了实证研究。结果表明,控制性家族对企业控制权的增强有助于提高代理效率。内部股权集中度对家族控制权与代理效率之间的关系起到了显著正向调节作用,这表明家族控制权在内部权力分配集中的阶段对代理效率的贡献更强;另一方面也说明家族内部权力分配的不平等性并不一定会损害家族企业的治理效率,对于家族控制权更高的企业,适度的权力集中分配会对家族企业的发展提供有效的支持。     

The relationship between ownership and possession: observations from the context of digital virtual goods

This theoretical article highlights limitations in the current trend towards dichotomising full ownership and access-based consumption by recognising a broader, more complex array of ‘fragmented’ ownership configurations in the context of digital virtual goods (DVGs). In challenging this dichotomy, we recognise that the relationship between ownership and possession becomes particularly significant. We therefore consider how prominent DVG ownership configurations may shape the way in which possession is assembled, potentially reducing consumers’ scope of action relative to DVGs and leaving possession susceptible to disruption. Conversely, we acknowledge ways in which consumers’ continued attempts at possession may impinge upon the agency of ownership mechanisms within the market. Our analysis ultimately builds upon existing understandings of both ownership and possession, theorising their often overlooked relation in consumption.     

Entrenched management,capital structure changes and firm value

The relationship between managerial share ownership and the firm’s change in leverage around a security issuance is examined. We find that entrenched managers are not more likely to issue equity, however they do affect lower leverage by choosing debt issuances which are smaller and equity issuances that are larger than those chosen by managers that are not entrenched. The magnitude of the decline in leverage that occurs from before the issuance to after the issuance is positively related to managerial share ownership. In addition, this relationship is confined to only the “entrenchment” range of managerial share ownership. The market reacts negatively to an issuance announcement when managerial share ownership is high.

企业创新资源配置结构对创新绩效的影响：基于不同产权性质视角

产权性质与企业创新投入及创新绩效的关系一直是学术界争论的焦点之一。尽管整合制度逻辑和效率逻辑有助于调和现有矛盾,但是采用投入—产出模型忽略了影响创新绩效的微观要素与配置结构间的差异。以要素配置为切入点,将企业创新资源配置划分为人员结构、人员层次结构与经费结构3部分,从产权性质视角打开企业创新投入的“黑箱”。结果发现：①与民营企业相比,国企倾向于配置更多创新资源;②在国企的3种资源配置结构中,仅经费结构配置合理,能够显著提升创新绩效,人员结构配置对创新绩效的提升作用不显著;③相比之下,民企人员结构配置较为合理,对创新绩效的提升发挥着重要作用;④国企、民企人员层次结构配置均不合理且无显著差异。研究表明：民企善于发挥人的优势,而国企更能发挥物的优势。研究结论可为解释产权性质与创新绩效差异提供新视角。     

管理者过度自信与企业过度负债

本文从权衡理论和非理性管理者出发,以企业过度负债而非企业实际负债率的角度,重新衡量企业资本结构与管理者过度自信之间的关系.研究发现:管理者过度自信会导致企业过度负债,加重企业债务负担.进一步研究发现,在融资约束较低和资本市场环境较好的情况下,过度自信的管理者会加重企业负债的程度;同时在多个大股东的股权结构下,大股东容易与过度自信的管理者形成共谋,恶化企业过度负债程度,而外资大股东则能起到监督和制衡的作用,约束管理者的激进行为.本文一定程度上丰富了资本结构和管理者过度自信的研究,对于推进"去杠杆"和实现经济软着陆有较强的政策意义.     

Manufacturing productivity in China and India: The role of institutional changes

In this paper we undertake a comparative study of productivity in the manufacturing sector for China and India using data from survey of manufacturing industries for the two countries. We find that productivity of manufacturing industries in China relative to that in India improved substantially over the 1998–2003 period. Specifically, the average total factor productivity (TFP) growth for the manufacturing sector over this period was about 11% higher in China than in India. We document two substantial changes in government policies in China that were not witnessed in India. First, the late 1990s saw an enormous wave of ownership restructuring due to the formal endorsement of private property rights by the Chinese central government. Second, in 1997 a large scale labour retrenchment program was launched to address the long standing problem of labour redundancy in the public sector. Using data from the Chinese survey of manufacturing industries, we quantify the impact of these large scale institutional changes on TFP of Chinese manufacturing industries. We find that these policy changes can explain about 30% of the growth in TFP of manufacturing industries. Hence we conclude that these institutional changes in China can account for a significant part of the gains in productivity of manufacturing industries in China relative to that in India over the 1998–2003 period.