农民工失业保险制度创新研究

我国农民工失业保险存在的最显著特征是徼费率低,待遇水平低。其根本原因在于制度的缺失,关键原因是自身综合竞争力低,直接原因是政府支持力度不够,应该根据农民工对失业保险不同层次的需求构建梯度缴费和差别待遇的分档缴费模式。建立梯度缴费率和有差别的失业保险支付待遇模式,可以扩大农民工失业保险选择的范围,提高农民工的参保积极性,短期可以＂低门槛进入＂,长期可以实现农民工失业保险制度和城镇企业职工失业保险制度的＂稳定并轨＂。     

双金属复合弯管及管件生产检验过程存在问题探讨

管线输送介质成分越来越复杂,对管线内壁抗腐蚀性能的要求也越来越高,一些管线被设计为双金属复合管线。由于双金属复合弯管和管件没有国家和行业标准可指导生产检验,造成了复合弯管和管件在生产检验过程中遇到的一系列问题,其中最为突出的问题是热处理工艺、超声波检测和内衬层浅表面裂纹问题。对内衬层浅表面裂纹缺陷问题提出了解决办法。     

用ICP-AES技术测定废水中重金属元素含量

我国对排放废水中重金属含量实行严格控制，为了做到安全、准确、快速、有效地实施节能减排，文章研究了将工业废水加硝酸消解后，用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪对水中Cd、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb元素含量进行测定的分析技术。该方法具有检出限低、准确度及精密度高、分析速度快、线性范围宽等优点。     

库区公路K243滑坡形成机制及治理措施

依托澜沧江黄登水电站库区沿江公路K243滑坡工程实例，对新生工程滑坡和古滑坡的成因机制、变形破坏模式及治理措施进行研究，分析滑坡多工况组合条件下的稳定状态和剩余下滑力；运用GEO5软件建立滑坡模型，分析抗滑桩内力及位移变化，以及不同治理施工过程中的滑坡稳定性变化规律。研究结果表明,K243滑坡采用双排刚架抗滑桩、锚索桩板墙、填土反压及截排水等措施进行治理，效果显著；新生工程滑坡后排桩剪力和弯矩均大于前排桩，后排桩桩顶位移大于前排桩，而古滑坡前排桩的剪力及位移均大于后排桩；新生工程滑坡在不同施工过程中的稳定系数提高比例约为古滑坡的一倍。实践证明K243滑坡治理是成功的，可为库区公路滑坡分析与治理提供参考。     

An alternative definition of individual bioequivalence

Several definitions of individual bioequivalence of two formulations of a medical treatment (drug) have been proposed recently. These definitions attempt to adapt the criterion of average bioequivalence, which would be deficient if substantive treatment heterogeneity were present. In some of the proposed definitions, relatively large differences of means can be compensated by differences in the measurement-error variances. We propose a definition based on a simple latent-variable model which overcomes this anomaly and need not involve the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's 80/125 rule. Our approach is based on a moment-matching estimator of the discrepancy between the outcomes underlying the subjects' responses. The distribution of this estimator is a linear combination of independent χ² variates; asymptotically, it can be approximated by a normal distribution. Evidence of individual bioequivalence corresponds to rejecting the hypothesis that the discrepancy is greater than a specified threshold. The approach is illustrated by reanalysing two bioequivalence trials.     

Renal function changes and NHS resource use in breast cancer patients with metastatic bone disease treated with IV zoledronic acid or oral ibandronic acid: a four-centre non-interventional study

Abstract

Aims: To describe renal function monitoring practice in patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD) treated with IV zoledronic acid (ZA) and oral ibandronic acid (IA), the management pathways and NHS hospital resources used.

Methods: Medical records of 189 patients; IA (91), ZA (98) with primary breast cancer and MBD were reviewed, and data collected on renal monitoring and hospital visits during bisphosphonate therapy. Time and motion review of resources to administer the bisphosphonates was also conducted.

Results: Only 30% of patients given ZA and no patient given IA had baseline creatinine clearance (CrCl) recorded. Calculated baseline CrCl suggested impaired renal function in 33% ZA and 29% IA patients. Dose reductions were not made correctly in 29 ZA and 2 IA patients whose monitoring suggested it. ZA patients made more clinic and day care attendances than IA-treated patients, at twice the cost. Staff activity and patient time per visit was higher with ZA than IA.

Conclusion: Although limited by retrospective design, these results demonstrate that in many patients, CrCl is not calculated before or during treatment with bisphosphonates. Renal function deteriorated in many patients during therapy. In view of these effects, practice should be reviewed to ensure appropriate dosing.     

人工挖孔桩护壁土方坍塌、烂根处理及监理措施

笔者结合工程实践,提出人工挖孔桩孔外土体坍落的两种情况,详细阐述了行之有效的施工措施及监理措施,以供今后施工参考。     

谈公路工程施工中软土地基处理

软土是指以水下沉积的软弱粘性土或淤泥为主的地层,有时也夹有少量的腐泥或泥炭层。处理的目的是要提高软弱地基的强度,保证地基的稳定,降低软弱土的压缩性,减少基础的沉降和不均匀沉降。文中主要对公路施工中的软土地基处理的方式方法进行了分析探讨。     

混凝土空心砌块墙体开裂实例分析

本人结合多年的实践经验,以鲅鱼圈信号楼工程为实例,详细分析混凝土空心砌块墙体开裂原因,实践性的给出了处理方案。实践证明,工程裂缝处理效果良好,希望此文能为类似工程起到一定的参考作用。