Longitudinal analysis of self-employment follow-through

The Hungarian economy was based on central planning for several decades and in comparison with the dominance of the great organizations that consisted of many smaller units, the role of small-sized enterprises was marginal. The change in the political climate involved recognition of and belief in entrepreneurship and the new legal system increased the opportunity for setting up new enterprises established on private and joint capital. Nevertheless, the changes in the organizational system of companies within the national economy appear to concentrate in time and territory in Northern Hungary. Increasing unemployment inspires the start of numerous enterprises even when the experience of entrepreneurship is missing and, in addition, the inclination towards it. This may result in difficulties and danger and a study of North Hungarian small businesses is therefore useful.

The aim of this research is to examine the position of SMEs in the North Hungarian industrial area, concentrating on questions that can not be answered by means of traditional statistics. Data were collected by surveying questionnaires. The questions referred to the development of SMEs in North Hungary.

Finally, the elements in the economic environment that may hinder or help successful operation of the enterprises were analysed. With the experience gained by our investigation we would like to help in the reinforcement of SMEs working in Northern Hungary.     

高职《微控制器技术与应用》课程开发与实践

文章从《微控制器技术与应用》课程在专业中的地位与作用、课程设计、实践教学环节、考核方式进行探讨。     

“小专题”教学在专业基础课程教学创新中的应用

"小专题"教学法是指授课教师可以依据教材内容体系,专门针对教材中的某一章节或某几个章节所涉及的内容设计出小型专题的教学方法。文中笔者提出了实施"小专题"教学法的主要优点,并从自身所从事的《国际贸易学》这一专业基础课程的教学出发,对"小专题"的教学形式、"小专题"的选择与确定、"小专题"的教学手段与"小专题"教学的考核方式提出了自己的设计思路。同时,笔者也强调了在"小专题"教学过程中需注意适度和教师仍需占据主导地位。     

Editorial

Technological change is altering the way educators deliver subject content. The phenomenal growth and widespread acceptance of the Internet has seen the creation of the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in higher education. For the ease of integration of VLEs in higher education, software companies have provided products such as WebCT and Blackboard. From a pedagogical perspective, new technologies must be evaluated in an effort to establish whether their introduction has had a beneficial impact on learning outcomes. To this end, this investigation examines the attitudes of undergraduate accounting students in relation to a number of design features and attributes of WebCT (e.g. bulletin boards, on-line assessment and chat room) as a VLE. Responses from 292 on-campus undergraduate students provided data which associates four factors with improved student motivation. This study found that student satisfaction with the use of a VLE is significantly associated with the provision of: lecture notes, bulletin board, on-line assessment and other tools (chat and video summaries). The diagrammatic representation of the variables identified in this study provides a useful reference point for those educators contemplating the implementation of a VLE.     

财务会计课程教学方法研究

财务会计这门课程随着我国经济发展形势的变化也在不断地发生变化,多变性决定了教好这门课程有一定的难度。本文结合作者多年的教学体会,对财务会计课程的教学目标进行了研究,分析了目前财务会计教学中存在的问题,介绍了两种教学方法:纠错法和问题导向法。     

电气化建设对农村居民生活消费的影响分析——以浙江省为例

电气化作为新农村建设的动力,改善了农村的消费环境,在一定程度上促进了农村居民家庭设备、用品特别是主要耐用消费品的消费,但影响的持续性不高,因此要激活农村的消费市场,除加大农村生活基础设施投入力度,完善农村消费环境外,还应在提高农民收入等方面加大对农民的支持力度。     

What Is Organizational Strategy? A Language‐Based View

Under what conditions does a collective strategy exist among organizational members? Where should a scholar look for one? To offer one way to start solving these puzzles I propose a view of organizational strategy as a language game that governs the use of strategy labels at the level of the organization. Organizational strategy exhibits a division of linguistic labour, where responsibility for key concepts is assigned to particular individuals or organizational functions. Such linguistic experts oversee the proper use and maintenance of strategy language. The language‐based view helps to understand linkages between institutional, network, organizational, and micro level views on strategy. It also problematizes widely held intuitions regarding the relationship between strategy and organizational outcomes.     

VONNA(HBP)

ABSTRACT

In this paper, a new learning package, VONNA(HBP), which provides an interactive and online environment for novices to study and practice hotel budget planning, is introduced. Its design philosophy will be discussed thoughtfully with special focus on how to make use of the multimedia and Internet. According to literatures, learning packages are faced to be more effective in delivering teaching material. Researchers indicate that students using a self-paced learning package score higher than in a traditional classroom setting. Moreover, the learning package provides different scenarios for students to explore themselves in a practical environment and is more cost effective and systematic than lectures. Currently, most learning packages in hotel education are not implemented using multimedia with Internet access. Our paper describes a new learning package that fills the gaps.

VONNA(HBP) requires participants to investigate operational budgets on various areas such as sales levels, payroll, inventory level, promotion strategies, and facilities planning, etc. Eventually, the students/novices are required to practice their skills in a comprehensive case about a hypothetical hotel. They need to solve managerial problems by a combination of budgetary planning on human resources, staff training programmes, facilities' maintenance and replacement, or promotion schemes. Analytical tools are available for students/novices to judge an appropriate decision in handling constrained resources.     

中职学校体育课准备活动的认识

体育课的准备活动是体育课的基本部分。正确地认识准备活动的作用,有效地选择准备活动的内容与组织形式,能够使学生在体育课上做好身体、心理等方面的准备。在体育教学中,合理的准备活动能有效地避免学生肌肉、韧带等软组织的损伤,使学生有效地掌握运动技术技能,提高基本素质,保证体育课任务顺利完成。     

基于岗位技能培养的高职商务英语教学改革探析

高职院校的教学目标应以培养学生的岗位技能为中心。基于此,高职院校的英语专业教学应以市场就业为导向,以岗位技能培养为核心,构建语言+专业+技能的模块化教学体系,培养市场需要的一专多能的复合技能型人才。