Global Competition for Work

Abstract

This paper argues that a global paradigm shift is underway involving work; that the trend of people migrating to find life-sustaining/enhancing work is evolving to a future state where work will migrate to find a workforce capable of adding value. The transition in Wales after the loss of its steel and coal industries is used to highlight the processes involved in building an infrastructure to attract inward investment and create jobs. The paper concludes with a call for research to help us understand the dynamics involved in successfully competing for work.     

A conceptual framework for public-private interplay in the telecommunications sector

Public activity in the telecommunications industry has experienced important transformations in the last decade: “reinvolvement” in infrastructure deployment, “innovative” boosting measures, and decentralisation of some decisions. Conceptually, even more important than the measures themselves is the fact that private agents often participate in their realisation and execution. This paper reviews how justifications for public action that would apply to any economic activity area have modelled the public-private relationship in the telecommunications sector. Subsequently, it focuses on the analysis of the new spaces for public-private collaboration that are currently opening up.     

我国公共基础设施的规模效应及结构效应分析——基于1996-2010的制造业行业数据

基于三要素的成本函数,本文利用1996—2010年20个制造业行业的面板数据,考察了以能源、交通以及邮电通讯为代表的公共基础设施对产业部门的要素投入数量以及要素投入结构的影响。结果表明:公共基本设施投入不仅具有降低行业平均成本的作用,而且对行业成本结构具有显著影响。相对于劳动投入,要素投入更加向资本和中间品倾斜。     

在我国当前条件下如何发展市政债券

市政债券在发达国家的城市建设和经济发展中起着非常重要的融资作用,而在我国目前虽然法律上不允许发行市政债券,但客观上已经形成了地方融资体系,出现了一些以各种公司名义变相的发行市政债券的行为,如何规范地方政府发行市政债券就成为一件非常迫切的事情。     

基础设施投资与吸引外国直接投资关系的实证研究——基于我国经济转型期二者因果关系的检验

本文在现有国内外研究的基础上,依据我国改革开放20多年来的实际数据,针对基础设施投资与外国直接投资(FDI)之间的相关性进行了协整检验和格兰杰检验,结果发现:二者之间不仅存在协整关系,还存在单向的格兰杰因果关系,即FDI是带动基础设施投资的格兰杰原因,而基础设施投资并不是引致FDI增加的格兰杰原因。本实证检验还用事实证实了目前许多地方政府以增加基础设施投资来吸引外商投资的盲目性。     

Smallholder land ownership in Kenya: distribution between households and through time

This study uses panel data to demonstrate two dimensions of land ownership: the distribution between households at a given time and changes within a household over time. We note that recognizing the latter dimension is only possible when analyzing rare long‐term panel data. We estimate a model for land ownership using a version of the correlated random effects estimator to uniquely identify the determinants of both dimensions amongst Kenyan smallholders. We find life cycle effects are a key determinant of both distributions, and identify important ways in which initial conditions such as inheritance and off‐farm income relate to the dynamics of ownership. We find that population density is a key determinant of differences between households, but also that a given household's land ownership is not affected in the short term as population density increases around them. Controlling for population density, households own more land when they are closer to road networks where the economic value of land is higher. We find important vulnerabilities for the land security of widows, but this vulnerability is geographically heterogeneous.     

The effect of distance and road quality on food collection, marketing margins, and traders' wages: evidence from the former Zaire

Food price variation is typical of the food economies of many low income countries. The presence or absence of road infrastructure is perceived to be one of the main determinants of this variation. This analysis shows that in the case of the former Zaire, food price dispersion is significant both across products and across regions. It is demonstrated that transportation costs explain most of the differences in food prices between producer regions and that road quality is an important factor in the transportation costs. However, food prices decrease relatively faster than transportation costs increase and traders' wages are higher on bad roads.     

新时期西部农村地区发展电子商务物流存在的问题及对策

近年来,电子商务发展迅速,但西部农村地区由于各方面条件欠缺,电子商务物流发展缓慢.因此,我们必须根据实际,找准问题,发展好西部农村地区电子商务物流.     

我国基础设施建设推行PFI模式的影响因素分析及发展对策研究

本文从我国基础设施建设中推行PFI的影响因素角度，分析了PFI在我国基础设施建设中的推广和应用问题，并提出了促进我国PFI项目的发展对策。