城市居民对城郊型森林公园的森林休闲需求研究

首次基于马斯洛需要层次理论，分析了城市居民对城郊型森林公园的森林休闲需求，并且详细探讨了马斯洛需要层次理论的层次个数，认为城市居民对城郊型森林公园的森林休闲需求包括生理需要、安全需要、归属和爱的需要、尊重需要和自我实现需要，而认知需要和审美需要则贯穿于五个基本需要之中。最后对城郊型森林公园的相关经营管理部门进行城郊型森林公园的开发建设提供了一些建议。     

建国以来和田地区人口增长情况及原因分析

新中国成立后，和田地区社会经济面貌的改善，给人口增殖创造了良好条件，和田地区人口从过去的“高出生率、高死亡率、低增长率”转入到“高出生率、低死亡率、高增长率”的新局面。这标志着和田地区的人口形势已经发生了历史性的转折。根据六次人口普查资料，对和田地区建国以来的人口发展情况及人口快速增长原因进行分析。上述分析能够对和田地区的人口发展战略有所启发与帮助。     

东部较发达省市人口下降区人口发展趋势——基于生育政策调整的县域个案诠释

通过比照2000年第五次全国人口普查和2010年第六次全国人口普查分县数据,发现人口净输入的东部9个较发达省市也出现了219个人口下降区,约占全国人口下降区总数的21.43%。这些人口下降区在形成机制、人口年龄构成、经济发展、空间分布及农村地区社会发展等方面具有一定的共性特征。借助人口发展预测模型对县域个案的分析发现,执行单独两孩生育政策仅能产生较小的短期效应,长期来看无法阻止人口下降区人口总量持续下降和人口老龄化加速的趋势。国家应高度重视正在扩大的人口下降区及其引发的社会经济冲击,进一步调整和完善生育政策,提升人口下降区中心城市的人口集聚能力,加速构建县域医护快速响应系统,特别是要重点解决好人口下降区留守儿童的教育问题。     

台湾地区老龄人口休闲消费的影响因素与趋势展望

随着居民可支配收入不断提高与消费观念逐渐改变,休闲消费日益成为台湾地区老龄群体的消费支出重点。本文首先分析台湾地区老龄休闲消费现状,其次提出影响老龄休闲消费的主要因素,在此基础上,对台湾地区老龄休闲消费的未来发展趋势进行展望。     

Subsampling Inference with K Populations and a Non‐standard Behrens–Fisher Problem

We revisit the methodology and historical development of subsampling, and then explore in detail its use in hypothesis testing, an area which has received surprisingly modest attention. In particular, the general set‐up of a possibly high‐dimensional parameter with data from K populations is explored. The role of centring the subsampling distribution is highlighted, and it is shown that hypothesis testing with a data‐centred subsampling distribution is more powerful. In addition we demonstrate subsampling’s ability to handle a non‐standard Behrens–Fisher problem, i.e., a comparison of the means of two or more populations which may possess not only different and possibly infinite variances, but may also possess different distributions. However, our formulation is general, permitting even functional data and/or statistics. Finally, we provide theory for K ‐ sample U ‐ statistics that helps establish the asymptotic validity of subsampling confidence intervals and tests in this very general setting.     

Population Growth and Natural‐Resource Scarcity: Long‐Run Development under Seemingly Unfavorable Conditions

In this paper, I consider an economy that is constrained by the use of natural resources and driven by knowledge accumulation. Resources are essential inputs in all sectors. I show that population growth and poor input substitution are not detrimental but, on the contrary, are even necessary to obtain a sustainable consumption level. I find a general rule to define the conditions for a constant innovation rate. The rule does not apply to capital but to labor growth, which is the crucial input in research. Furthermore, the rule relates to the sectoral structure of the economy, and to demographic transition. The results continue to hold with a backstop technology, and are extended for the case of minimum resource constraints.     

中外城市住宅高度形态比较研究

首先对住宅高度形态的三种类型,即低层、多层和高层住宅的优缺点进行了比较分析,分析了美国、德国和日本住宅高度形态的现状,得出城市住宅高度形态合理选择的结论如下:低层住宅是最适合人类居住的住宅形态;多层住宅次之;高层住宅是最不适合人类居住的住宅形态。然后介绍了我国北京、上海、重庆等城市住宅高度形态的现状,进一步分析了我国与国外城市住宅高度形态的差异。最后提出了我国住宅高度形态的政策建议。     

Cecrops,King of Athens: the First (?) Recorded Population Census in History

In 16th century B.C., Cecrops, the legendary first king of Athens, took a census of his subjects that had all the properties of a population census. Each person was commanded to cast a single stone and by counting the stones, it was found that they were twenty thousand inhabitants. With respect to the history of statistics, this Cecrops’ census appears to be (?) the earliest real recorded population census ever reported.     

股市人口和股市信息来源:北京分层抽样调查研究

以在证券交易部散户大厅进行交易的北京股民群体为研究对象,采用分层调查分析、统计推断的方法就其群体特征和媒介接触行为展开研究。不同年龄层次、文化程度、收入水平,及不同城区和性别的股市人口在报刊杂志、广播电视、网络和股民交流等信息渠道的选择上表现出一定的倾向性。以人口学背景变量为主的非行为因素的解释能力强于行为因素。     

关于完善现行生育政策的思考

持续了30年的现行生育政策,在对人口控制发挥巨大作用的同时,也在积累负面人口、经济、社会效应:推动人口年龄结构畸形,加速人口老龄化;挤压农民进行生育性别选择;对城乡人群生育权利限定不平等;阻碍新生代教育素质提高;产生大量非意愿独生子女家庭,积聚家庭发展风险和父母养老困境;在城乡户籍一体化改革背景下,该政策可执行性越来越弱等。调整现行生育政策,使之有利于人口长期均衡发展,有利于家庭生育权利保护,是一件迫在眉睫的事情。