Commemorating the 50‐Year Anniversary of Ball and Brown (1968): The Evolution of Capital Market Research over the Past 50 Years

We commemorate the 50th anniversary of Ball and Brown [1968] by chronicling its impact on capital market research in accounting. We trace the evolution of various research paths that post–Ball and Brown [1968] researchers took as they sought to build on the foundation laid by Ball and Brown [1968] to create a body of research on the usefulness, timeliness, and other properties of accounting numbers. We discuss how those paths often link back to the groundwork laid and questions originally posed in Ball and Brown [1968].     

Understanding the trend to mobile-only internet connections:A decomposition analysis

A growing portion of internet users rely solely on mobile devices such as smartphones for their online access. The percentage of “mobile-only” households increased from 9% in 2011 to 20% in 2015, more than doubling in only four years. As this shift continues, it leads to the question of what factors are driving the rise in mobile-only adoption. Using nationally representative data, this study uses logistic regressions and a decomposition technique to understand the trend. The decomposition reveals that a significant portion (65%) of the growth was due to an increase in the download speeds of mobile networks. An increased acceptance of mobile-only access by households aged 55 and older was also partly responsible. Understanding (and developing a response to) the trend towards mobile-only adoption will be important as organizations and governments continue to work to close the digital divide.     

随机生产前沿方法的发展及其在中国的应用

本文对随机前沿生产函数模型的发展及其在中国生产率分析中的应用进行了评述。文章首先介绍随机前沿方法的基本原理、估计方法和在面板数据下对全要素生产率增长的分解,随后评述随机前沿生产函数模型的最新进展和在经验分析中的优势与作用,最后总结了在中国行业和地区经济增长研究中随机前沿方法的成果和不足,并探讨今后研究的发展方向。     

Decomposition of Fraud‐Risk Assessments and Auditors' Sensitivity to Fraud Cues*

Practitioners and regulators are concerned that when auditors perceive management's attitude or character as indicative of low fraud risk, they are not sufficiently sensitive to high levels of incentive or opportunity risks in their overall fraud‐risk assessments. In this study, we examine whether a fraud‐triangle decomposition of fraud‐risk assessments (that is, separately assessing attitude, opportunity, and incentive risks prior to assessing overall fraud risk) increases auditors' sensitivity to opportunity and incentive cues when perceptions of management's attitude suggest low fraud risk. In an experiment with 52 practicing audit managers, we find that auditors who decompose fraud‐risk assessments are more sensitive to opportunity and incentive cues when making their overall assessments than auditors who simply make an overall fraud‐risk assessment. However, this increased sensitivity to opportunity and incentive cues appears to happen only when those cues suggest low fraud risk. When opportunity and incentive cues suggest high fraud risk, auditors are equally sensitive to those cues whether they use a decomposition or a holistic approach. We discuss and examine potential explanations for this finding.     

On the decomposition of rank-dependent indicator of socio-economic inequalities in child malnutrition: Some empirical findings

The persistent socioeconomic disparities in child under-nutrition in developing countries raises an important health policy question - whether different nutrition base interventions are required for different areas? Addressing this question, the main objective of this study is to investigate the trends of socio-economic inequalities in child undernutrition in Pakistan and to assess the causes of these inequalities through decomposition analysis. Using Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, round 2017–18, data this study examined inequalities in child undernutrition through different health inequality indices. Moreover, decomposition analysis is performed by applying generalized decomposition procedure under recentered influence function (RIF) regression to find the contribution of (i) differences in levels of different factors (composition effects) and (ii) differences in the intensity of association between socio-demographic factors and child undernutrition (coefficient effects) to the observed inequality. Study findings suggest substantial pro-educated inequalities in child under-nutrition. In addition, the decomposition analysis reveals the factors such as parental education and wealth status are significant contributors to the observed inequality. Moreover, different policy interventions, for rural and urban areas are suggested. There is the need to design public health, nutrition-based, interventions to overcome rural urban disparities through bridging gaps in educational endowments of rural and urban populations. Moreover, a balanced distribution of wealth might be helpful to reduce the rural-urban gap.     

中国区域经济发展差异及其原因的多尺度分析

本文采用经验模态方法对中国1953—2002年区域经济发展差异进行多尺度分析,并对不同尺度的区域经济差异的原因进行探讨。研究表明,50年来中国区域经济差异波动主要以60年尺度、17.5年尺度和趋势为主,近期区域差异呈扩大趋势。从不同尺度生产要素投入差异和区域差异的关系看,要素投入差异会引起区域差异,区域差异也会引起要素投入环境差异并引发要素投入差异的变化,在制定区域政策时应考虑区域差距波动的短期性和长期性。     

宏观经济运行质量评价指标的选择方法

筛选指标的传统方法或者是定性分析或者是单一的定量分析。本文收集了37个反映宏观经济运行质量的指标信息,依据相关系数及其聚类分析,将相关程度不同的指标聚为不同的组或类,然后在相关系数高度相关的指标组进行因果关系分析,选取那些作为原因的变量或指标。利用相关时间序列建模方法中的向量自回归模型,及其脉冲响应函数和方差分解分析,进一步区分那些影响其他变量的重要变量。最后得到一组既能反映现象变化,又是主要或重要变量的14个指标。这一指标筛选方法不同于传统方法,它充分利用了指标之间的关联信息、因果信息和动态相依信息,具有综合性与实用性。     

基尼系数分解分析中国城市居民收入不平等

当GINI系数按组（如职业,性别,区域）分解时,它可以分为组内、组间和层迭项（overlapped）三个组成部分,从文献检索来看,GINI系数的分解方法已有许多,但大多数分解方法不仅不易于理解而且计算非常繁重.本文应用Yao和Liu（1996）提出的四步分解法克服了其他方法存在的缺点,并以中国2003年的城镇居民收入调查数据为例,说明这个新方法可以容易地应用于研究中国各地区城市居民间收入的不平等状况.本文在许多以前的研究未能认识到的层迭带部分有实质性的突破.     

股票市场收益率波动长记忆性的分解及实证研究

目前股票市场长记忆性检验和建模方法，不能很好地消除短期记忆的影响，针对这一问题，本文提出寻找序列的突变点，通过将序列分解为只包含长记忆性部分和不包含长记忆性部分的序列分解技术，来排除短期记忆的影响。对上证指数和深圳成分指数收益率波动的长记忆性进行实证研究发现，将序列分解以后进行长记忆性检验，不仅可以得出长记忆性检验更为精确的结论，同时可以检验序列分解过程的效果。     

欧盟REACH法令对中国化工产品出口的影响分析

欧盟REACH法令的实施将促进我国化学工业的发展,但在短期内会导致我国出口欧盟化工产品和进口化工产品成本上升,降低出口产品竞争力,部分产品甚至退出欧盟市场,其他国家可能纷纷效仿欧盟,引起连锁反应。应对该种技术性壁垒,我国政府和行业协会应加大宣传REACH法令的力度,加快国内相关立法,推进国内实验室的GLP认证工作。另外,化学品生产企业应提高自身产品质量,做好化学品注册的可行性分析和预注册工作。