组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响

技术转移是将社会科技资源转化为实体经济效益的重要途径。当前，我国研究型大学技术转移渠道不畅、技术转移绩效不高、大学科技成果成功产业化“最后一公里”问题凸显。基于现实需求和研究缺口，构建组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效影响的理论模型。在此基础上，收集我国38所研究型大学样本数据，采用SPSS24.0和AMOS软件进行结构方程路径分析，论证和检验组织模块化对于研究型大学技术转移绩效的影响机制。结果表明：组织模块化对研究型大学技术转移绩效具有显著正向影响；技术创新能力在组织模块化与技术转移绩效之间起显著中介作用；知识共享的调节作用主要体现在组织模块化独立性、响应性与技术创新能力之间的关系上，其对组织模块分工性与技术创新能力关系的影响作用不显著。     

基于AHP-TOPSIS模型的京津冀家政服务人力资源供给质量评价研究

依托已有的研究成果构建了家政服务人力资源供给质量评价指标体系,利用AHP-TOPSIS模型对京津冀家政服务人力资源供给质量进行了评价和排名,并使用障碍度模型分析了员工制、准员工制、培训学校、中介制四种类型家政机构人力资源供给质量的关键制约因素,在此基础上,给出了不同类型家政机构人力资源供给质量改善的针对性建议,为家政服务人力资源供给质量的改善提供参考依据。     

创新要素投入产出效率随机变动测度与结果分析

创新要素配置在投入产出两个环节中生成大量不完全技术信息，投入产出效率随机变动更加明显。从投入产出数据集合中提炼共同因子，与不可观测变量构成预测器，建立因子增广向量自回归模型(FAVAR)，分析随机变动方差构成，测度投入产出效率随机变动程度。随机变动效应包括水平效应、稳定性效应和规模效应。投入产出效率自回归扰动项表示随机变动程度，将其细分为共同因子，计算预测器方差及其与投入产出效率的协方差。基于669家上市公司月度、季度、半年度和年度技术研发数据，比较分析投入产出效率随机变动程度及形成原因，引入脉冲响应法分析变量方差构成与变动特征，提出相关政策建议。     

互联网使用与个体生育意愿——基于信息成本和家庭代际视角的分析

探究生育意愿的影响因素,助力人口转变升级成为当前研究的重要方向.文章置身中国具体情境,基于中国社会状况综合调查数据(CGSS2017),从信息成本视角和家庭代际视角两个维度考察互联网使用对个体生育意愿的影响.研究结果表明,使用互联网以及互联网使用频率越高的个体,其生育意愿越低.进一步研究发现,已育史对于互联网使用频率影响个体再育意愿存在负向调节效应,对于已育个体而言,上网频率越高对再育意愿的抑制作用越加显著;代际"数字鸿沟"对于互联网使用频率影响个体生育意愿也存在显著的负向调节效应.当子代和父辈存在较大的代际"数字鸿沟"时,对于互联网使用频繁的个体,父辈沿袭下来的传统育儿经验和子代通过网络获取的育儿知识相冲突可能会引致更多的家庭矛盾,进而抑制个体生育意愿.反之,当代际"数字鸿沟"较小时,互联网使用频率对个体生育意愿的抑制效应亦有所减弱.文章的发现对于提升个体生育意愿以及生育率的研究具有一定启示意义.     

Realized extreme quantile: A joint model for conditional quantiles and measures of volatility with EVT refinements

We propose a new framework exploiting realized measures of volatility to estimate and forecast extreme quantiles. Our realized extreme quantile (REQ) combines quantile regression with extreme value theory and uses a measurement equation that relates the realized measure to the latent conditional quantile. Model estimation is performed by quasi maximum likelihood, and a simulation experiment validates this estimator in finite samples. An extensive empirical analysis shows that high‐frequency measures are particularly informative of the dynamic quantiles. Finally, an out‐of‐sample forecast analysis of quantile‐based risk measures confirms the merit of the REQ.     

Capital gains lock-in and governance choices

Differences in accrued gains and investors’ tax-sensitivity induce variation in a capital gains lock-in effect across mutual funds even for the same stock at the same time. Exploiting this variation, we show this effect influences funds’ governance decisions: higher capital gains decrease the likelihood a fund exits prior to contentious votes and increase the likelihood a fund votes against management. Consistent with tax motivation, these findings are concentrated among funds with tax-sensitive investors. Further, high aggregate capital gains across funds holding a stock predict a higher likelihood management loses a vote and a lower likelihood a contentious vote is proposed.     

The scope and scale of the informal food economy of South African urban residential townships: Results of a small-area micro-enterprise census

Growing urbanisation in South Africa is reflected in burgeoning Working class and informal township settlements on the fringes of its major towns and cities. Paired with this is an increasing reliance on cash as the primary means of economic transaction, which has in turn stimulated the growth of micro-enterprise business activities within the township context. This article discusses the findings of an eight-township small-area census which occurred between 2010 and 2013 in Cape Town, Johannesburg, Ekurhuleni and Durban townships representing 250 000 residents. The researchers were able to establish the scope and scale of informal food and drink retailing in these localities. Of the 10 049 micro-enterprises located in the study, some 3966 (or 39% of the total) trade in food. These include enterprises in primary production, fresh produce retailing, grocery retailing from house and spaza shops, and informal foodservice enterprises. Food is the basis for much township informal business and plays an important role in making food increasingly affordable and locally accessible, and in creating cash employment. The article builds on the knowledge base of the township informal economy role in bolstering food security needs for the marginalised.     

Analyse der Marktaussichten von Biogasanlagen

Without guaranteed compensation, granted by the German Renewable Energy Sources Act (Erneuerbare Energien Gesetz/EEG), biogas plants compete with all other plant types on the market for electrical energy. However, exchange-based electricity products do not currently permit an economically viable operation of biogas plants owing to their cost situation.