资源异质性农户的退耕还林受偿意愿及其影响因素研究——基于云南省2个县退耕还林的调研数据

生态补偿是激励农户参与退耕还林工程的有效手段,农户作为生态补偿的主要利益相关者,评估其受偿意愿对制定完善生态补偿政策以及实现生态保护的有效性和可持续性都有重要的现实意义。本文基于云南省2个县23个村组204份退耕还林调研数据,采用条件价值法(CVM)和Tobit回归模型,分析农户参与退耕还林受偿意愿及其影响因素。在此基础上引入了分位数回归,进一步分析农户在不同分位点受偿意愿的差异。研究结果表明:新一轮退耕还林农户退耕受偿意愿为2353.4元/亩,补偿期限5年,约为现退耕还林补偿标准的1.5倍。农户的资源稟赋特征及主观认知是影响受偿意愿最主要因素,且在不同分位数上影响系数存在差异性。在补偿方式的选择上具有明显的年龄差异性,年龄大的农户更倾向于现金补偿,而年轻农户更倾向于政策补偿和技术培训。因此,在加强生态环境重要性以及政策宣传的同时,适当提高退耕还林补偿标准,促进补偿方式的多元化,根据农户资源稟赋的不同,实现补偿标准的差别化。     

钢铁企业土地资源盘活优化探究

钢铁企业高质量发展过程中,如何处置及盘活具有重要价值的存量土地及生产厂区内未充分利用的土地资产,是钢铁企业需要重点思考及解决的课题和难题。基于此,从盘活钢铁企业土地资产的必要性及可行性、钢铁企业存量土地盘活模式现状、钢铁企业闲置土地盘活过程中存在问题及实施困境、钢铁企业闲置土地盘活的建议等方面进行了分析和探究,以期为相关钢铁企业提供借鉴。     

抗滑桩爆破施工对近临高压输电铁塔影响现场监测研究

以三施高速抗滑桩爆破施工为工程依托,从抗滑桩开挖方式、开挖深度、炸药选择、钻孔的方式等方面进行抗滑桩爆破方案设计.当抗滑桩爆破施工时,采用智能振动监测仪对在爆破施工过程中高压输电铁塔的行为进行实时监测,得到了在此爆破施工方案下高压输电铁塔由于爆破振动产生的速度与频率分布,通过对监测数据的分析得出在相同药量的情况下,爆破深度的增加,相当于传播距离的增加,传到测点位置后引起的振动速度减小,同时振动频率会随着爆破深度的增加逐渐降低.当桩孔内炸药药量增加时,传动高压输电铁塔上的振动速度和振动频率会增加.     

归因偏差视角下旅游行为失范成因研究

游客旅游行为失范时有发生,威胁着旅游资源与环境安全。心理归因影响个体行为逻辑,归因偏差是解释心理归因的经典理论。本文引入归因偏差理论,采用实证方法探究旅游行为失范背后的归因偏差因素,为减少旅游行为失范提供心理学依据。研究发现,归因偏差能够引致旅游者心理认知偏差,后者直接引发和助推旅游行为失范。心理环境和群体心理对引致旅游者的心理认知偏差和行为失范具有显著作用,归因偏差成为旅游者弱化旅游行为失范结果的心理屏障,可激发或促进旅游行为失范的发生或持续。研究认为旅游地可从完善硬件监控、控制游客流量、强化失范行为负面教育、发挥在场监督作用等方式削弱归因偏差效应。     

Uncovering asset stripping during China's privatization

This paper empirically studies the occurrence and extent of asset stripping via undervaluing public assets during the mass privatization of state-owned and collectively owned enterprises in China. Using three waves of a national survey of private firms, we provide evidence that state-owned and collectively owned assets were substantially underpriced, indicating the presence of corruption during privatization. Further analysis shows that the extent of underpricing is more severe in regions with less market competition or weaker property rights protection, and more pronounced for intangible assets such as intellectual property rights and land use rights. When comparing firm efficiency between privatized firms and de novo private firms, we find that the former group continues to enjoy considerable preferential treatments, yet significantly underperforms the latter, possibly due to continued government control and intervention. Finally, we provide evidence that insider privatization is an important source of corruption during the privatization process.     

Desired recreation companionship and travel behaviour of people with disabilities

This study examines whether people with disabilities(PWD) participate in leisure and travel activities with their desired companions and if there are discrepancies between their social networks and real recreation companions. The recreation companionship and travel behaviour of PWD have not been thoroughly explored, particularly in non-Western contexts. Accordingly, data were collected from 494 respondents in South Korea, and findings suggest that there was a significant gap between companions PWD desire and those they actually maintain. Travel and tourism were the least frequent recreation activities for PWD. The results can provide managerial implications regarding practices of inclusive and accessible tourism.     

中国医疗保险体系中的自选择与医疗费用——基于灵活就业人员参保行为的研究

我国社会医疗保险已实现全覆盖,现阶段的主要问题在于医保基金能否实现可持续运行。在现行制度安排下,灵活就业群体参加城镇职工医疗保险可能存在逆选择问题,随着就业形态日趋多样化,这将加剧基金运行的不平衡。本文基于2012-2014年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),利用中国特有的制度特征,在实证上将逆选择效应同道德风险相区分,验证了选择参加城镇职工医保的人群是医疗费用较高的人群。估计表明,自愿选择参加城镇职工医保的人群医疗支出明显高于强制参保群体,大约高78%;而选择参加城镇职工医保的人群医疗支出比选择参加城乡居民医保高约45%。灵活就业人员参加城镇职工医保提升了他们的福利,但如何规避潜在的基金运行风险,是医保制度设计中不可忽视的问题。     

The relationship between innovation culture and innovation outcomes: exploring the effects of sustainability orientation and firm size

Being sustainability‐oriented has become a key strategy for many firms. Equally, innovation culture and innovation outcomes have long been recognized as important contributors to the growth of firms. However, the literature on sustainability and innovation provides limited understanding of the important relationship between sustainability orientation, innovation culture and innovation outcomes. Given that large firms and small firms differ in building and employing their strategic assets, firm size matters in understanding the relationship. Through the lens of resource‐based view, we develop a theoretical model embedding the four components and test it using data from a global survey: the 2012 Comparative Performance Assessment Study. Our research contributes to sustainability literature and innovation theory by providing an integrated framework to explicate the mechanism through which the innovation culture of the firm impacts on innovative performance through the sustainability orientation of the firm. The findings advance our understanding of the extent to which sustainable orientation can explain the relationship between innovation culture and innovation outcomes. Our evidence shows that the innovation culture of a firm facilitates the sustainability orientation of the firm and that the converse also applies. The research also contributes to our knowledge of the differences between large and small firms in leveraging their strategic assets in terms of innovation culture and sustainability orientation to facilitate superior innovation outcomes. Although firm size moderates the relationship between innovation culture and innovation outcomes, the research shows that this no longer holds when sustainability orientation is included in the relationship. A strong sustainability orientation can be a competitive advantage for firms in the R&D Management delivery of superior innovation outcomes.     

货币政策、企业家信心与上市公司投资效率*

企业、企业家等微观主体对货币政策的反应，在较大程度上影响货币政策的效果。货币政策可通过对企业家信心的影响，进而对公司投资效率产生作用。基于中国2007—2016年40个季度A股上市公司样本的实证研究表明：企业家信心在货币政策传导过程中有不可忽视的作用。企业家信心增强或者货币政策宽松时会加剧过度投资，减轻投资不足；企业家信心减弱或者货币政策紧缩时可以有效抑制过度投资，但会加剧投资不足。其中，国有企业对企业家信心和货币政策松紧的敏感性更强。进一步，货币政策对企业投资效率的影响，也会通过货币政策和企业家信心的交互作用而发挥作用。这种作用在国有企业和非国有企业之间无显著差异。