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1.
Linda Harris Sophie Graham Sharon MacLachlan Alex Exuzides Saiju Jacob 《Journal of medical economics》2019,22(7):691-697
Aims: To examine healthcare resource utilization associated with refractory myasthenia gravis (MG) in England.Materials and methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of linked data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and the Hospital Episode Statistics database collected between 1997 and 2016. Included patients were ≥18?years of age at the index MG diagnosis. Patients with refractory MG were identified using an algorithm based on treatments received. Healthcare resource utilization since the index date was compared between refractory and non-refractory cohorts.Results: The study included 1149 patients with MG, of whom 66 (5.7%) were refractory. Sex and age at diagnosis did not significantly differ between the refractory and non-refractory cohorts. Rates of healthcare resource utilization per person-year were significantly higher (p?.05) for patients with refractory compared to non-refractory MG for GP visits, visits to other healthcare professionals, outpatient visits and inpatient hospitalization. Patients in the refractory cohort spent more total days hospitalized since the index visit than patients in the non-refractory cohort (median, 33 vs. 16?days [p?.0001]).Limitations: The algorithm for identifying refractory patients did not include clinical criteria. Also, treatments administered in hospitals or by specialists were not available in the databases.Conclusions: Patients in England with refractory MG more often visit healthcare providers, are hospitalized and visit an emergency room than patients with non-refractory MG. 相似文献
2.
在中国开放经济体制下的基准货币需求模型中,本文将源于国际金融市场的持币成本设为遗漏潜变量,并构建特定的国际金融综合指数(CIFI)作为该潜变量的测度。借鉴机器学习与测度理论,本文利用对数误差修正模型提出了分步降维的CIFI构造算法,构造了长期CIFI和短期CIFI。结果表明,CIFI构造中的无监督降维步骤有助于减少高维金融数据中的冗余信息。实证分析发现,国际机会成本对中国货币需求具有规律性的前导影响,而在2007至2008年国际金融危机期间,央行的应急措施对长期CIFI所代表的非均衡冲击起到明显的阻截效果,对短期CIFI的影响基本是持续不变的。通过综合指数构造与宏观货币需求模型的算法连接,可以利用CIFI的构成结构从前导时间与影响强度两方面追踪冲击货币需求的国际金融风险的具体来源,这为宏观决策者监测国际金融市场提供了颇有规律的信息。在方法论上,本研究为如何利用模型监测国际金融市场影响宏观经济开辟了一条新路。 相似文献
3.
Jun Sung Kim Sophie Deborah Mitchell Liang Choon Wang 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2019,63(3):439-471
Using data from one of Australia's largest thoroughbred auction houses, we investigate the price determinants of thoroughbred yearlings sold at auction. We include novel key variables to construct hedonic pricing models and examine the relative role of stud fees compared to the wide range of attributes in the pricing of yearlings. We find that the price effect of stud fees is influenced by the value buyers place on both the characteristics of sires and the characteristics of sire side siblings. The findings imply that the quality of dams a sire has been matched within the breeding market has consequential effects on yearling prices through the sire's stud fee and progeny. 相似文献
4.
Empathy is a key trait distinguishing social entrepreneurs from traditional entrepreneurs, and an important antecedent of social entrepreneurial (SE) intentions. Yet, little research explains the mechanisms through which empathy motivates SE intentions. We argue that studying the link between the prosocial trait of empathy and the prosocial outcome of SE intentions requires a prosocial lens that traditional entrepreneurial intent theories cannot offer. Building on prosocial motives research, we propose that empathy explains SE intentions through two complementary mechanisms: self-efficacy (an agentic mechanism), and social worth (a communal mechanism). We find support for our hypotheses in a study of 281 university students. 相似文献
5.
‘Bargained equality’ reflects wider characteristics of French employment relations whereby state‐driven collective bargaining is a major mode of regulation but is based on weak workplace bargaining cultures outside the largest firms. This article focuses on duties on French employers to bargain on gender equality. It presents findings of a project evaluating workplace agreements and plans on gender equality, based on a sample of 186 agreements submitted in 2014–2015, in 10 sectors, and in‐depth interviews in 20 companies. Despite a rise in formal compliance due to stronger enforcement since 2012, our analysis shows that most companies submitting plans or agreements do not systematically address quantitative measurement of pay or other gender gaps. As well as sectoral differences, the analysis also identifies ‘generational effects’: processes of change which occur as collective agreements expire and are replaced are dependent on local dynamics of bargaining. Based on this analysis, we argue that attention should be paid to the resources available to local bargaining actors, in order to promote an equality agenda. 相似文献
6.
Consumer use of the Nutrition Facts Panel (NFP) is an important topic of interest to researchers and public policymakers. Studies conducted in the United States and elsewhere find high levels of self-reported use of the NFP or its equivalent. However, data from self-reports may inflate estimated NFP use due to social desirability problems. Utilizing data from an online experiment, we examine whether consumers choose to view the NFP when assessing the nutritional properties and disease-fighting abilities of foods. We also examine the antecedents of NFP-viewing behavior and its implications for the accuracy of healthfulness judgments and the potential for overgeneralization. We conclude with a discussion of the public policy implications of our results and point to directions for future research. 相似文献
7.
The effect of advertising on consumer welfare has been the subject of dispute among economists, arising largely from disagreement among scholars regarding the persuasive versus the informative role of advertising. This paper reports two experiments that explore the welfare implications of advertising effects. Experiment 1 shows that the same advertisements can either increase or decrease prices paid for selected brands, depending on the degree to which the choice situation requires brands to be recalled in order to be considered. However, an increase in prices paid caused by advertising does not necessarily imply detrimental effects on consumer welfare. Experiment 2 shows that, even under circumstances in which differentiating advertising leads consumers to select brands with higher average prices, it can provide useful information to consumers that allows them to make purchases that are more in line with their personal tastes than are the choices of consumers not exposed to the advertisements. 相似文献
8.
Financial Reporting Quality in Private Equity Backed Companies: The Impact
of Ownership Concentration 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
We empirically show on a sample of 270 unquoted, private equity backed companies that the shareholder structure of private
companies impacts the quality of their publicly available accounting information. More precisely, companies in which private
equity (PE) investors have a high equity stake produce lower quality accounting information than companies in which PE investors
have a low equity stake, after controlling for factors like company size and age. We explain our findings by arguing that
PE investors with low equity stakes have a higher need for high quality accounting information whereas PE investors with high
equity stakes have other means to closely monitor their portfolio companies.
This paper has benefited form discussions with workshop participants at the Max Planck Institute. We specifically want to
thank Lorraine Uhlaner and Mike Wright (guest editors), two anonymous referees as well as ignace De Beelde, Wouter De Maeseneire,
Marc Deloof, Miguel Meuleman and Lloyd Steier for helpful suggestions. Part of this research was completed when Christof Beuselinck
was an FWO Scholar at Ghent University. Financial support from the Fonds of Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Grant G.0012.02) is
kindly appreciated. The usual disclaimer applies. 相似文献
9.
Georges Dionne Mélissa La Haye Anne‐Sophie Bergerès 《The Canadian journal of economics》2015,48(3):819-852
We test the influence of information asymmetry on the premium paid for an acquisition. We analyze mergers and acquisitions as English auctions. The theory of dynamic auctions with private and common value predicts that more informed bidders may pay a lower price. We test that prediction with a sample of 1,026 acquisitions in the United States between 1990 and 2007. We assume that blockholders of the target's shares are better informed than other bidders because they possess privileged information on the target. Our empirical results show that blockholders pay a much lower premium than do other buyers 相似文献
10.
Luc Sels Sophie De Winne Jeroen Delmotte Johan Maes Dries Faems Anneleen Forrier 《Small Business Economics》2006,26(1):83-101
Attempts to explore empirically the link between HRM and firm performance are numerous. Yet, research on this link remains
restricted to large companies. Little is known about the extent to which the existing results extend to small businesses.
The purpose of the present study is to develop and test a conceptual framework linking HRM to financial performance that fits
small businesses. The central question is whether the development of an intensive HRM is profitable for smaller organizations.
For the development and optimization of the conceptual framework, we rely on human capital theory and bankruptcy prediction
models. Using structural equation modeling, we study the mediating effect of voluntary turnover and productivity on the relationship
between HRM intensity and one year lagged financial performance. The results show both productivity and profitability enhancing
effects as well as a cost increasing impact of HRM intensity. 相似文献