南岳旅游景观系统分析与调整优化

文章从系统的角度,结合景观生态学理论与方法,对南岳风景区旅游景观进行结构分析和功能评价。并从增强环境意识、培养生态观念、景观保护、空间格局、宏观景观优化、旅游产业结构调整过程中的景观生态问题和景观规划管理人才培养等方面提出优化对策和建议。期望通过这一实证研究,推进系统学和景观生态学在旅游研究和实践中的普及和应用。     

从南方冰灾透视旅游景区危机管理——以南岳衡山为例

通过分析南方雨雪冰冻灾害对南岳衡山旅游景区的影响,从旅游危机的预防、旅游危机的应急管理以及旅游危机的灾后恢复重建三个层面构建南岳衡山旅游景区危机管理框架。     

关于南岳旅游文化发展的若干问题探讨

旅游文化成为现代旅游业发展的灵魂。南岳旅游文化资源类型齐全,文化特色鲜明,但南岳旅游产品的开发大都处于较低层次。因此开发南岳旅游文化资源对加快南岳现代旅游业的发展具有必要性和紧迫性。我们认为,当前南岳旅游文化发展有两个特点：一是围绕南岳旅游文化优势资源进行深度开发,把南岳区建成有特色的旅游文化城市。二是大力发展有地方情调的动态旅游。为实现这一战略重点,必须实施若干相应的基本措施。     

南岳旅游产业发展中存在的问题及对策研究

南岳是湖南省衡阳市旅游产业的支柱所在,也是衡阳旅游产品集中的分布区域.南岳在衡阳市的经济建设和社会发展中,发挥了其重要的作用.但南岳景区在旅游发展中出现一些问题,文章针对南岳旅游发展中存在的问题,提出了改善和提升南岳景区的旅游地形象,加大旅游促销力度,构建大南岳圈等措施,以促进南岳旅游的发展.     

南岳衡山雾凇冰雪旅游资源及其开发研究

冬季丰富多奇的雪景、雾凇、雨凇等冰雪景观是南岳衡山风景名胜区得天独厚的旅游资源,加上区位、交通、市场、旅游服务设施等优势,使其具有开发雾凇冰雪旅游的有利条件。但必须实施政府主导战略,深度开发冰雪旅游资源,丰富冰雪旅游活动内容,提升产品文化品位,才能把衡山冬季雾凇冰雪旅游推上一个新台阶。     

南岳旅游地吸引力综合评价与对策研究

旅游产业已经作为南岳支柱产业点而迅速发展,要科学地、客观地定位南岳的旅游业现状,就必须对其吸引力进行定性与定量的综合评价,其评价结果可作为进一步合理利用南岳旅游资源的重要依据,同时从宏观上把握南岳旅游业的发展态势,并进一步发掘其"注意力资源"。     

青岛旅游产业结构分析与优化对策研究

以青岛市旅游统计数据为基础，运用偏离—份额分析法，对青岛市旅游产业结构的竞争优势进行了分析和归类。指出了青岛旅游产业结构存在的主要问题，提出了青岛旅游产业结构调整与优化升级的主要措施与对策。     

经济欠发达地区古镇旅游开发摭谈

现代化城市的经营和历史文化古镇的保护开发是可以并行的。而探讨经济欠发达地区的南城古镇如何调整产业结构和发展特色旅游经济，做到旧城保护和旅游开发有机结合，是非常具有挑战性的课题。文章从南城古镇旅游开发入手，提出以保护性开发为主、建设城市休闲度假带的发展思路和有关措施。     

乡村振兴战略背景下的乡村旅游经济发展研究

乡村旅游对农村经济发展的作用主要表现在促进农村经济持续发展、提供更多的就业机会、调整农村产业结构、有利于农村经济的可持续发展。乡村旅游促进农村经济发展面临的挑战较多，如乡村旅游管理体系不健全、乡村旅游地信息化建设水平不高、生态环境破坏严重。为此，乡村振兴战略背景下的乡村旅游经济发展可从健全人才培养体系、加大乡村旅游信息化建设力度、健全乡村旅游的政策、创新开发乡村旅游、提高乡村旅游品质等方面着手，促进乡村经济的可持续发展，从而实现乡村振兴的目标。     

我国区域旅游产业结构升级研究

改革开放以来,中国旅游业发展一直保持着较高的发展速度,加快旅游产业结构升级优化,促进旅游产业发展方式转变,是当前和今后一段时期面临的重大课题.试图在对我国区域旅游业现状分析的基础上,研究区域旅游产业结构升级优化路径,为旅游产业结构调整和产业能级提升提供一个可资借鉴的思路.     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Forecasting the price of gold

This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.