公允价值计量国际趋同相关问题研究——基于IASB《公允价值计量》准则的评价及思考

公允价值计量是我国新会计准则提出的一种新的计量属性,其相关规定散见于17项具体会计准则中,没有形成统一的准则指南。新准则实施六年来,公允价值计量在实务运用中存在诸多的问题和困难,急需制定一套统一的公允价值计量准则来规范和指导会计实务。基于我国会计准则制定国际趋同的趋势和政策决心,学习和研究IASB《公允价值计量》准则、吸收和借鉴其优秀成果,将是我国解决当前公允价值计量困境最便捷的途径。本文通过详细阐述IASB《公允价值计量》准则的出台背景及其对公允价值定义、计量方法、披露要求等方面的规定及看法,基于我国在会计准则制定上与国际趋同的决心,结合我国兼具新兴市场经济和转型经济国家的经济环境,提出国际公允价值计量的新发展在中国应用可能存在的问题及建议。     

产权保护与公允价值计量

公允价值计量是我国新会计准则体系产权保护理念的重要体现.由于没有统一的公允价值计量准则、缺乏制度环境支撑等原因,公允价值计量对于产权保护的有效性受到较大限制.为增强新会计准则体系的产权保护功能,一方面,需建立以概念为起点的公允价值计量理论与方法体系,并以此指导制定我国公允价值计量准则;另一方面,在考虑我国现阶段相关制度环境基础上制定公允价值计量准则,增强准则的自执行能力.     

浅析公允价值的确认和计量在我国新会计准则中的应用

本文针对新会计准则中公允价值计量属性在近几年的运用,分析了公允价值的定义与其他几种计量属性的关系,着重对此准则中公允价值确认和计量的运用问题进行分析和思考,从公允价值的基本理论及其确认和计量属性在我国会计准则的应用中所面临的问题等方面进行深入探讨,就运用公允价值的意义、特点、存在的问题进行了说明.     

公允价值的应用现状及其发展建议

中国新会计准则在诸多方面实现了突破,其中公允价值计量属性的运用可谓是最为引人注目的方面。公允价值计量属性的运用,是我国会计准则在国际趋同中迈出的实质性步伐,也标志着我国市场经济日趋成熟。但我国对公允价值的应用与国际相比还有一定差距,现有规定在实施中也面临一些困难,为进一步推行公允价值计量属性在会计准则中的应用,还应在政策制定、会计监管、评估市场、市场环境的完善和会计人员素质等方面做出一系列的努力。     

公允价值在新会计准则中运用问题研究

公允价值是新会计准则的一个重要特点,具有高度的相关性,可以更好的反映资产的市场价值,尤其是金融资产等一些市场价值变化较大的资产,用公允价值可以使会计信息更加准确。公允价值的应用更是我国会计准则与国际会计准则接轨的重要标志。本文在分析公允价值产生的背景、公允价值的计量属性的基础上,探讨了公允价值计量属性与其他计量属性关系,突出强调了公允价值的应用对提高会计信息质量的重要性,阐述了我国会计准则中应用公允价值的原因及必要性,具体分析了我国新会计准则中公允价值的应用情况,并对引入公允价值后应注意的问题提出相关的建议。     

公允价值在新会计准则中运用问题研究

公允价值是新会计准则的一个重要特点,具有高度的相关性,可以更好的反映资产的市场价值,尤其是金融资产等一些市场价值变化较大的资产,用公允价值可以使会计信息更加准确.公允价值的应用更是我国会计准则与国际会计准则接轨的重要标志.本文在分析公允价值产生的背景、公允价值的计量属性的基础上,探讨了公允价值计量属性与其他计量属性关系,突出强调了公允价值的应用对提高会计信息质量的重要性,阐述了我国会计准则中应用公允价值的原因及必要性,具体分析了我国新会计准则中公允价值的应用情况,并对引入公允价值后应注意的问题提出相关的建议.     

解析公允价值的运用对企业的冲击和影响

在新会计准则中推行公允价值的运用背景下，本文分析了公允价值计量对企业稳定性的影响，并结合我国新会计准则体系中，在《投资性房地产》、《金融工具的确认和计量》等具体准则中引入公允价值计量模式，探讨公允价值计量对我国企业的预期影响。分析表明，公允价值所涉及的理论问题以及相关的信息市场、价格市场、配套的政策法规、公允价值的评估体系等还没有得以完全解决，并且在实际实施过程中确实会对企业产生重大的影响和冲击。     

浅议具体会计准则中公允价值的运用

我国企业会计准则自1997年引入公允价值计量后，经历了提倡、回避和重新引用三个阶段。2007年1月1日起实施的现行会计准则中大量使用了公允价值计量，随着我国企业在海外融资上市等会计客观环境的变化，按照公允价值编制会计报告成为大势所趋。本文对公允价值计量在我国会计准则——具体准则中的相关运用问题进行分析，并针对所存在的问题合理提出几点建议，以达到更好的运用公允价值计量的目标。     

新会计准则下应用公允价值对公司报表的突出影响

2006年公布的新会计准则（文中均称之为06会计准则）对计量属性做出了重大调整，不再强调历史成本为基础计量属性，全面引人公允价值计量属性，其中主要在金融工具、投资性房地产、非共同控制下的企业合并、债务重组和非货币性交易等方面采用了公允价值。那么公允价值的应用是必对会计报表有一定的影响，下面我们就从投资性房地产应用公允价值和金融业应用公允价值对会计报表的影响程度进行探讨和分析。     

浅议公允价值

公允价值的计量在2006年颁布的新会计准则中具有重要地位，对我国会计准则与国际准则接轨有着重要的意义。本文在阐述公允价值在我国应用的基础上，对公允价值的应用必要性做了分析。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Forecasting the price of gold

This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.