协同创新项目多阶段动态利益分配模型研究

协同创新项目作为协同创新的重要载体,其利益分配模式直接决定项目成效。现有关于利益分配的研究中考虑项目阶段性特征的较少,不能满足利益分配动态均衡的要求。将过程阶段思想引入利益分配,构建了三阶段动态利益分配模型：首先在考虑影响因素（创新成本、风险因素、综合实力）的基础上给出利益分配系数,然后根据创新主体满意度对其进行调整,最后根据综合评价结果确定最终分配比例。分析表明,分配系数随着内外部环境的变化而改变,以满足创新主体在各阶段的利益需求,可为协同创新项目的利益分配问题提供参考。     

供应链成员协同知识创新风险研究

供应链成员协同知识创新固然重要,然而在知识创新过程中风险的存在影响着知识创新的成果及供应链的整体效益,如果创新所带来的利益不能够大于创新的风险,那么企业应考虑是否要参与协同知识创新.供应链协同知识创新可以降低企业创新成本,分担创新风险,为企业带来新的知识和资源,而风险识别是协同知识创新活动得以顺利开展的必要条件,风险识别与评价研究对于提高供应链协同知识创新的效率和效益具有重要的现实意义.基于此文章分析了供应链协同知识创新风险的特点,基于外部环境与内部因素构建了风险评估指标体系,建立了多因素模糊综合评价模型,对供应链协同知识创新的风险进行了量化评价,为供应链成员规避风险,制定风险管理策略,提供了理论依据.     

协同创新的风险分摊与利益分配问题研究

协同创新利益分配问题是保持协同创新关系持续稳定发展的关键。综观国内外对利益分配的研究多是在不考虑协同各方所承担的风险基础上进行的,这是当今研究的一个空白点。首次提出投石效应的概念,并针对此问题对"Shapley值"进行修正,在此基础上提出新的利益分配方法,实例分析表明此方法克服了Shapley值法的不足,使利益分配的结果更具合理性和可行性。     

大学生创新创业支撑体系建设研究

大学生创新创业活动的背后,存在高校、政府和企业等政产学研合作主体的协同创新和合作博弈行为。政产学研协同创新有助于发挥各自优势,通过大学生创新创业活动,推进政府、高校和企业间的深度合作。基于夏普利值法的合作博弈利益分配策略,构建了服务大学生创新创业活动的政府、高校和企业等各方参与主体利益分配模型,并提出了具体建议。     

创新驱动背景下知识主导型技术联盟利益分配路径研究

知识主导型技术联盟的发展对创新驱动战略的实施起到了重要推动作用。利益分配是知识主导型技术联盟合作创新的焦点问题,深刻制约着技术联盟的持续发展。通过对知识主导型技术联盟利益分配影响因素和原则进行研究,建立了知识主导型技术联盟合作成果的两次分配模型。分别引入Nash谈判模型、Shapley值模型用于合作成果申请以及实施、分配过程。通过案例分析,证明两次分配模型具有实际可操作性,可成为知识主导型技术联盟利益分配的理想路径。     

基于利益分配的复杂产品协同创新网络合作行为演化研究

针对复杂产品协同创新中各类企业的不同利益诉求,基于复杂网络、公共品演化博弈等理论构建复杂产品协同创新网络利益分配演化博弈模型,对网络的合作行为演化进行仿真分析。研究发现:当协同创新合作需求不同时,利益分配结构要有所区别;在利益分配结构中考虑企业的投入与重要度可以减少企业的搭便车行为;当利益分配机制的制定缺乏一定的公平合理性时,可以通过调动骨干企业的合作积极性来提高网络整体合作水平。     

多主体参与的协同创新体利益分配机制研究

有效的利益分配机制是协同创新体长效发展的关键。高校主导的协同创新中心对于促进新技术的研发和产业化应用具有重要意义,利益分配机制是其最重要的契约机制。在总结前人对利益分配机制研究的基础上,结合高校主导的协同创新中心利益分配的关键诉求,提出了以利益分配模式及其运行机制相融合的系统性协同创新体利益分配机制,对现实中的利益分配具有较强指导意义。利益分配模式涵盖了静态的分配原则、依据、算法与动态流程,其运行机制则包含相关运行基础和合约保障措施。     

基于博弈的协同商务企业利益分配模型研究

利益分配是后ERP时代的协同商务链企业合作中关键而又矛盾突出的一个问题对于协同效应的发挥起到决定性作用。文章将博弈论的思考方法和模型运用到协同商务链利益分配模型的构建,在模型创建过程中考虑努力水平、风险因素等对分配系数的影响,并论证了模型实际应用中其他调整因子的测定,使得该模型更具科学性和合理性。     

多主体参与的协同创新体利益分配机制研究——高校主导的协同创新中心视角

有效的利益分配机制是协同创新体长效发展的关键。高校主导的协同创新中心对于促进新技术的研发和产业化应用具有重要意义,利益分配机制是其最重要的契约机制。在总结前人对利益分配机制研究的基础上,结合高校主导的协同创新中心利益分配的关键诉求,提出了以利益分配模式及其运行机制相融合的系统性协同创新体利益分配机制,对现实中的利益分配具有较强指导意义。利益分配模式涵盖了静态的分配原则、依据、算法与动态流程,其运行机制则包含相关运行基础和合约保障措施。     

以高校为核心的三元协同创新体制研究

本研究针对协同创新的三方利益主体,首先,将校企合作分为基础层级合作,次级合作和协同发展,通过比较得出协同发展是提高自主创新能力的最佳途径;再次,运用博弈模型,对校企利益分配进行博弈机制探究;最后,给予了相关的政策建议分析。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.