基于压缩感知的电力设备视频图像去噪方法研究

文章采用基于过完备字典的稀疏表示方法,结合压缩感知理论去除目前电力视频监控图像中存在的噪声。使用噪声图像训练过完备字典,其中过完备字典的更新使用K-SVD算法,求解稀疏系数使用OMP算法,最后重构去噪后的图像。Matlab仿真实验表明,对添加了不同标准差的高斯噪声图像,该方法具有良好的去噪效果,与目前常用的小波函数相比,能更好的降低图像中的高斯白噪声,并且在字典训练过程中直接使用视频拍摄的带噪声图像,即使没有原始的无噪声图像,依然能够完成去噪任务。     

自动跟踪太阳装置（专利申请号：98221293．3；200420025618．5）

本专利属于太阳能技术领域。用途为提高太阳能的利用效率，用于多种太阳能利用装置的跟踪。其技术特点是利用遮挡杆阴影遮挡太阳能电池板面积的变化，驱动直流电机带动太阳能电池安装板转动，实现自动跟踪。和现有技术相比，跟踪机构简单，不需任何外加能源，本身既是传感器又是动力源，降低了成本。可对不同季节或太阳照射方向的变化，能自动转向跟踪。     

基于VSIMM-SRCKF的ADS-B航迹滤波方法研究

为了提高ADS-B航迹跟踪精度,并针对交互多模型算法所选模型集而导致的跟踪性能下降的问题,采用基于平方根容积卡尔曼的变结构交互多模型(VSIMM-SRCKF)算法对航迹进行滤波。建立运动目标跟踪的VSIMM模型集来描述机动目标的系统总模型集合,在滤波过程中,SRCKF递推的更新通过将协方差矩阵开平方得到,使计算复杂度降低,并且使协方差矩阵保持非负定,能够避免滤波中的发散问题。仿真结果表明:提出的基于平方根容积卡尔曼的变结构交互多模型算法(VSIMM-SRCKF)在估计误差均值、估计误差标准差以及平均绝对百分比误差方面均优于IMM-CKF算法和IMM-SRCKF算法,说明VSIMM-SRCKF算法具有更好的跟踪精度,可适应于复杂目标航迹的实时跟踪。     

基于Hausdorff距离的人脸检测

研究了一种基于Hausdorff距离的人脸检测算法,该方法由多个规格化大小的人脸图像的边缘图构成模板图像,在对检测图像距离变换的基础上,通过对距离图像的搜索匹配,实现人脸检测。实验结果表明,该方法对包含噪声、模糊特征等复杂环境和部分遮挡的图像仍能较好地完成匹配,比传统的检测方法更为有效。     

基于多特征融合GMM的阴影检测策略研究

将运动目标从背景中准确分割出的过程中,阴影的检测和消除起着重要作用。传统的目标和阴影检测算法一般都是基于目标颜色等单特征信息,因此在很大程度上受到了场景光照条件变化的影响而导致算法的执行效果降低。提出一种基于颜色信息和纹理信息的多特征融合的混合高斯模型检测算法,可以降低由单特征检测所带来较高的误检率。其中采用了两重阴影判决方法以确定真实阴影,首先通过颜色夹角进行疑似阴影的判决,进而根据前景区域和背景区域的相似度和颜色分量差值再次判决阴影。最后通过实验对阴影检测算法进行比较,表明了本文提出算法能够对阴影进行准确消除。     

基于像素级估计的视频显著性检测

为了减少背景噪声干扰,准确地从复杂视频中提取显著目标,提出一种具有时空一致性的视频显著区域检测算法。将视频帧划分为超像素,以超像素为基本单元提取光流特征,在时空一致性原则指导下动态融合颜色、边界信息和光流特征,获取视频显著图。在此基础上,借助视频帧的细节和区域特征对视频显著图进行细化增强。实验结果表明,算法的准确率[CD*2]召回率曲线在复杂图像数据库中高于传统经典算法,具有足够高的鲁棒性,能够减少相机运动和背景运动以及突变情况对跟踪检测的影响。所提方法能够在各种运动模式下和外观复杂场景中较为完整地提取显著目标,可作为预处理技术,改善目标跟踪、行为检测、视频压缩等的性能。     

基于MBP算法和深度学习的人脸识别

为了解决在深度学习提取人脸图像特征时,易忽略其局部结构特征和缺乏对其旋转不变性学习的问题,提出了一种基于单演局部二值模式(MBP)与深度学习相结合的高效率人脸识别方法。首先,用多尺度单演滤波器对图像进行滤波,得到幅值和方向信息;其次,用LBP算法和象限比特的方法进行编码,分块计算组合其直方图特征;然后,将提取的单演特征作为深度信念网络(DBN)的输入,逐层训练优化网络参数,得到优异的网络模型;最后,将训练好的DBN网络在ORL人脸数据库上进行人脸识别实验,进行识别率计算,其识别率为98.75%。所提出的方法使用无监督的贪婪算法,隐藏层设定为2层,使用反向传播算法优化网络。相较于已知的人脸识别方法,MBP+DBN算法对光照、表情和部分遮挡变化具有较好的鲁棒性,在人脸识别中识别率较高,具有一定的优势,为图像特征提供了一种新的识别方法。     

多光谱图像获取中光照不均匀性的非线性校正算法

为降低多光谱图像数据获取过程中光照不均匀性造成的影响,本研究对多光谱成像系统中获取设备——多光谱相机的CCD响应特性进行了分析,建立非线性光照不均匀性校正算法。针对大尺度物体表面光照特性,通过Cheby-shev多项式对光照分布曲面进行非线性拟合,进而对光照不均匀性造成的CCD响应误差进行了校正。实验结果表明：本研究提出的非线性校正方法可以很好地降低光照不均匀性的影响,在目前的校正方法中,效果最理想。     

一种基于机器视觉技术的城市轨道交通客流量检测方法

为了准确识别并检测城市轨道交通客流量变化,研究轨道交通客流量的变化规律,以客观图像为研究对象,以机器视觉技术为研究手段,提出了一种新的交通客流检测方法。在对交通客流视频图像进行滤波与增强后,利用Canny边缘帧差法从预处理图像中获取完整的运动目标轮廓。同时,利用AdaBoost检测算法构建的强分类器完成乘客头部的检测,并通过双线差值算法消除视频图像中不同位置尺寸所产生的误检框,实现对目标的跟踪与记载,完成客流量的统计。结果表明,该方法在交通客流量的检测中准确率高于90%。检测方法对提高城市轨道交通客流量的检测准确性具有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于图像识别的爬壁机器人的路径规划

目前对于爬壁机器人的路径规划问题,强化学习算法已被广泛运用,但在实时动态复杂工业环境下,该算法存在着数据传递滞后、状态-动作对收敛缓慢、无法估计状态-动作对的问题。本文结合单步Q-learning算法,并对该算法进行改进,提出了跟踪迹Q(λ)算法:即一种基于离散马尔可夫决策过程的经典Q学习并结合了瞬时差分算法多步回报和跟踪迹提取的算法。实践表明,该算法解决了路径规划过程中,强化学习算法存在的局部寻优能力差、实时性不强等缺点。     

增强Linux系统安全性的措施

L inux系统的安全取决于系统管理员如何来管理它。本文探讨了一系列可以增强安全性的技巧与策略 ,包括 :系统安装原则、BIOS安全、口令安全策略、设计帐户自动注销功能、文件系统和日志安全策略、使用 SSH及 TCP-WRAPPERS,隐藏系统信息、删除所有特殊帐户、关闭控制台程序、限制系统中的 SUID/ SGID程序等。本文最后向 L inux系统管理员提出了一些安全管理方面的建议     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

CIS与现代企业管理美学

概括性介绍了 ＣＩＳ（Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅ Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）的三大基本组成，并阐述了它与现代企业管理密不可分的相互联系及所处的举足轻重的地位，指出导入ＣＩＳ是现代企业谋求发展的重要手段。     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

快速成形技术的应用及热点分析

基于快速成形技术的原理,展示了快速成形技术在快速模具制造、金属零件直接成形、反求工程等领域的广泛应用,总结了快速成形制造技术研究的热点,即研发新材料和新设备、提高成形精度、建立RPM的反求工程系统、建立成形技术的统一标准和扩大成形技术的应用领域。     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

Diffusion and usage of public e-services in Europe: An assessment of country level indicators and drivers

We analyze the state of the art of indicators on e-government, e-health, e-procurement and e-participation. We survey the main methodological properties of these indicators, and highlight their heuristic potential. Further, we address empirically the issue of the explanation of the availability scores, i.e. how the supply of the various e-services in each country is affected by political, institutional and socio-economic differences, and is followed by actual usage. The econometric analysis uncovers the importance of broadband penetration and higher education as drivers for most of the types of e-services and users (citizens and businesses). Moreover, a corruption-free and agile public sector proves to be an important pre-condition for more effective supply and usage. Despite data limitations and the complexity of the underlying diffusion phenomena, our study is the first truly longitudinal contribution aimed at disentangling the common drivers of such an important phenomenon – the e-services availability and usage across European countries. As such, this work appears useful to inform the policy debate and practice, in a phase characterized by a prospective reorientation of the public e-services provision and policy agenda.     

一种高精度的频率标准比对系统

频率标准源可以提供精确的标准频率,在测定频率标准源的各项性能指标时,要求测试系统必须具有很高的比对精度。所设计的频率标准比对系统采取多级倍频 混频方式使频率偏差逐级扩大后再测量,从而避免了直接进行高次倍频的困难,提高了测量精度,可以对高精度的频率标准的准确度、长短期频率稳定度进行快速测量,是一种高精度时畴参数测量系统。     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

HSE走进中国石油

企业管理水平的好坏直接影响着企业的经济效益,运用HSE管理能提高企业管理水平,HSE管理模式将健康,安全,环境三者视为一个有机的整体。HSE管理认为人的安全是第一位的,人是创造财富的原动力,是企业的最大财产,HSE管理体系强调的是“蝴蝶效应”。