加味麻黄附子细辛汤治疗过敏性鼻炎100例疗效分析

目的探析加味麻黄附子细辛汤治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法将收治的100例过敏性鼻炎患者,随机分为加味麻黄附子细辛汤治疗的观察组和氯雷他定治疗的对照组,疗程结束后观察两组患者的疗效及不良反应情况。结果疗程结束后,观察组有效率为90.00%,对照组有效率为78.00%,两组比较观察组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组出现2例(4.00%)一过性口干症状,停药后症状自行缓解;对照组出现9例(18.00%)不良反应症状,其中头痛5例、嗜睡2例、胃肠道不适2例,经对症治疗后痊愈。两组不良反应比较,观察组显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论加味麻黄附子细辛汤治疗过敏性鼻炎,疗效确切,安全性高,适合临床推广使用。     

止敏除鼽饮治疗过敏性鼻炎49例临床观察

目的评价止敏除鼽饮治疗过敏性鼻炎的临床效果。方法选取我院收治过敏性鼻炎患者98例,随机均分为两组,对照组给予氯雷他定片口服治疗,治疗组给予止敏除鼽饮治疗,10d为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程。结果经2个疗程治疗后,治疗组总有效率为97.96%,对照组总有效率为81.63%,两组疗效比较,治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论止敏除鼽饮治疗过敏性鼻炎效果显著。     

盐酸氮卓斯汀联合氯雷他定治疗慢性自发性荨麻疹的临床疗效

目的 探讨盐酸氮卓斯汀联合氯雷他定治疗慢性自发性荨麻疹（CSU）的临床疗效。方法 选取2022年2月至2023年2月于河池市第三人民医院皮肤科接受治疗的95例CSU患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组（n=47）和观察组（n=48）。对照组给予氯雷他定治疗,观察组采用盐酸氮卓斯汀联合氯雷他定治疗。比较两组症状积分、瘙痒视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分、荨麻疹活动性评分（UAS）、免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)及临床疗效。结果 治疗后,观察组症状积分、VAS评分及UAS较对照组降低（P<0.05）;治疗后观察组IgE、IL-4较对照组降低,IFN-γ较对照组升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组治疗有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 盐酸氮卓斯汀联合氯雷他定治疗CSU,可有效改善症状,提高临床疗效,其机制与调控炎症反应及免疫失衡有关。     

氨氯地平治疗老年高血压的临床疗效

目的评价氨氯地平治疗老年高血压的临床疗效。方法对我院2012年5月至2013年5月收治的240例老年高血压患者进行回顾分析,随机分为两组,观察组给予氨氯地平治疗,对照组给予卡托普利治疗。治疗3个月后,观察两组患者的血压下降情况和不良反应。结果在治疗老年高血压方面,观察组总有效率为96.7%,对照组总有效率为66.7%,观察组对血压的控制明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组未出现不良反应,对照组有38例患者出现阵发性咳嗽,停药后不良反应消失。结论氨氯地平治疗老年高血压临床效果满意,耐受性好,不良反应少。     

丹红注射液联合舒血宁治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察丹红注射液联合舒血宁治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法选取2013年4月~8月在我院神经内科住院治疗的急性脑梗死患者50例,随机分为观察组和对照组各25例。两组患者都给予内科综合治疗,对照组应用舒血宁注射液,观察组则用丹红注射液联合舒血宁注射液治疗,14天后观察两组患者的疗效及不良反应。结果观察组总有效率92.0%,对照组总有效率80.0%,两组总有效率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者均未出现严重不良反应。结论丹红注射液联合舒血宁治疗急性脑梗死疗效高,安全性好,不良反应小,能明显改善急性脑梗死患者的神经功能,值得推广应用。     

蒙脱石散剂治疗小儿腹泻的临床疗效

目的探讨蒙脱石散剂治疗小儿腹泻的临床疗效。方法选取住院治疗的腹泻患儿86例,随机均分为对照组与观察组,各43例。对照组患儿给予抗病毒、抗炎治疗、液体疗法及对症治疗等常规治疗;观察组患儿在常规治疗的基础上给予口服蒙脱石散剂治疗。比较两组患儿的临床疗效及胃肠道不良反应发生情况。结果治疗72 h后,观察组患儿的治疗总有效率为95.3%,1例(2.3%)发生胃肠道不良反应;对照组患儿的治疗总有效率为81.4%,7例(16.3%)发生胃肠道不良反应;观察组明显优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论给予患儿口服蒙脱石散剂治疗儿科腹泻可加强常规治疗的临床治疗效果,同时减少胃肠道不良反应的发生。     

鼻炎口服液治疗变应性鼻炎临床疗效观察

目的探讨鼻炎口服液对变应性鼻炎的治疗效果。方法选取患有变应性鼻炎的患者98例,随机分成两组,治疗组给予鼻炎口服液治疗,对照组则给予常规的西医治疗。结果在持续治疗7、14、28d后,治疗组患者的各项观察指标均有明显下降,差异显著性(P<0.05),具有统计学意义,且两组患者症状缓解与体征总有效率存在明显差异,治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。在治疗过程中所有患者均无不良反应发生。结论在治疗变应性鼻炎时,使用鼻炎口服液疗效显著,使患者的临床症状得到明显改善,值得在临床中推广与应用。     

苍耳子鼻炎滴丸联合色甘萘甲那敏鼻喷雾剂治疗成人过敏性鼻炎患者的疗效

目的 探讨苍耳子鼻炎滴丸联合色甘萘甲那敏鼻喷雾剂治疗成人过敏性鼻炎患者的临床效果.方法 选取2018年1月至2019年1月北部战区总医院收治的成人过敏性鼻炎患者155例作为研究对象,按照治疗方案不同分为对照组(75例)与观察组(80例).对照组仅给予色甘萘甲那敏鼻喷雾剂治疗,观察组联合苍耳子鼻炎滴丸治疗,比较两组临床症...     

甲泼尼松龙治疗重症支气管哮喘的疗效观察

目的研究甲泼尼松龙治疗重症支气管哮喘的临床效果。方法选取重症支气管哮喘患者42例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组21例,观察组患者给予甲泼尼松龙治疗,对照组患者给予地塞米松治疗,比较两组患者重症支气管哮喘治疗效果及不良反应差异。结果观察组治疗总有效率95.2%,明显高于对照组治疗总有效率76.2%,对照组患者动脉氧分压高于观察组,观察组患者不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论甲泼尼松龙能够显著缓解重症支气管哮喘症状,不良反应少,减轻患者痛苦,提高临床治疗效果,值得推广应用。     

电针配合康复技术对中风后遗症患者的临床疗效分析

目的对电针配合康复技术对中风后遗症患者的临床疗效进行分析。方法选取我院在2011年5月~2013年5月年收治的112例中风后遗症患者,随机分为两组,每组各56例。观察组患者给予电针配合康复技术对中风后遗症的患者进行治疗,对照组患者给予电针治疗。对比两组的总有效率。结果观察组患者的总有效率为92.86%,对照组患者的总有效率为78.57%,且观察组患者出现不良反应的几率优于对照组的患者(P<0.05)。结论电针配合康复技术对中风后遗症的患者治疗效果显著,值得在临床中应用。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for Reality Mining

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.     

Duplication, Growth and ‘Total Return Economics’

Maintenance consumption is an expense recovered in product prices, yet also a source of taste satisfaction which must be exhausted, rather than reinvested, from the capital affording it. This riddle is solved in the duplication rules: the cost of maintenance consumption is recovered in pay and prices, but an equal flow is exhausted from the human capital of the worker earning the pay. The rules impact tradition in several ways. If output is defined in principle as value added, then it cannot also be described as consumption plus net investment without double-counting the maintenance consumption recovered in prices. Also rate of return in the stationary state is not zero, but is the rate sufficient to offset the exhaustion of individual human capital. The rules lead to new insights into economic return, and support an argument that all growth at the scale of closure is due to productivity gain rather than to thrift.