外资进入自由化如何影响了中国本土企业创新?

本文以中国政府2002年对《外商投资产业指导目录》的修订所引发的外资自由化为准自然实验,采用倍差法系统评估了外资进入对本土企业创新的影响及其作用机制。研究表明,外资进入不仅显著提高了创新程度,而且还有利于延长本土企业的创新持续时间。此外,我们还发现,知识产权保护强化了外资进入对本土企业创新的促进作用,这一结论在使用专利申请数衡量创新以及采用FDI溢出指标刻画外资进入程度之后依然稳健。最后,我们进一步考察了外资进入影响本土企业创新的作用机制,发现研发能力增强与融资约束程度降低是外资进入促进本土企业创新的两个重要渠道。本文研究为客观评估中国近年来引资政策的绩效提供了微观依据,同时对于如何有效促进本土企业创新具有一定政策启示意义。     

The impact of digital transformation of manufacturing on corporate performance — The mediating effect of business model innovation and the moderating effect of innovation capability

Digital technologies have been rapidly changing traditional industries. In the given context, this study reveals the internal influence mechanism of digital transformation on the corporate performance of the manufacturing industry based on the resource-based view theory. We build a theoretical framework incorporating business model innovation and innovation capability as mediator and moderator variables. To evaluate our hypothesis, we conduct an empirical study on 255 Chinese manufacturing enterprises. We classify digital transformation into exploitative and explorative transformations with the ambidexterity theory. The results show that exploitative and explorative digital transformations significantly and positively impact corporate performance, and business model innovation has a significant mediating effect. Innovation capability positively moderates the impact of exploitative and explorative digital transformations on business model innovation and moderates the mediating effect of business model innovation. This paper provides support for promoting the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy.     

Corporate Innovation Strategy,Analyst Forecasting Activities and the Economic Consequences

We examine the impact of corporate innovation strategy on analyst following and forecasting performance, as well as the associated economic consequences. Using a sample of US firms from 1992?2012, we find that firms pursuing an exploration‐oriented innovation strategy (as opposed to an exploitation‐oriented innovation strategy) are associated with lower analyst coverage, higher forecast error and dispersion. The effect is less pronounced for firms with greater disclosure of innovation activities, and for firms followed by analysts with more firm‐specific experience. We also examine how innovation strategy affects the perceived credibility of analyst forecasts and find that investors appear to be less responsive to forecast revisions issued for exploratory firms. Such firms also incur a higher level of cash holdings, greater internal financing, and lower dividend ratio. The findings of this paper advance our understanding of how a public company's choice of innovation strategy affects its performance in the capital markets as well as the associated economic consequences.     

高铁开通是否促进了区域创新?

文章通过理论分析,探讨了高铁开通影响区域创新活动以及区域创新差距的内在机制,进而以是否开通高铁为“准自然实验”,采用2004年-2015年中国287个地级市的数据,实证分析了高铁开通对区域创新及其差距的影响效应。研究发现,考察期内,高铁开通显著提升了区域创新水平,其机制主要在于高铁开通后所引发的创新要素流动效应;高铁开通能够对区域创新差距产生重要影响:即相对于未开通高铁的城市来说,开通高铁城市的创新能力和创新速度持续提升,这能够进一步拉大区域之间的创新差距;且高铁开通在促进区域创新过程中也存在着显著的时间动态效应。分地区估计结果显示,高铁开通能够促进东部地区城市创新活动的开展,也拉大了其内在的创新差距;而由于高铁开通所引发的人才流失,高铁开通对中部和西部地区创新活动及其差距的影响效应不显著。文章研究结论可能为优化中国区域创新格局、促进创新型国家建设提供启示。     

银行业竞争、融资约束与企业创新——中国工业企业的经验证据

本文将1998-2007年中国工业企业数据、专利申请数据与银监会公布的金融许可证数据相匹配,考察银行业竞争影响企业创新的内在机制。结果发现,竞争的加剧通过缓解企业面临的融资约束,从而提升其创新能力。在弱化内生性问题和一系列稳健性检验后,上述结果仍然稳健。进一步研究发现,外部融资依赖度较高的企业,中小、民营企业,以及位于市场化水平高和法治环境好的地区的企业,银行业竞争通过缓解融资约束促进其创新的效应更加明显。此外,本文还发现股份制银行和城商行的竞争能更好地推动企业创新。因此,建立健全多层次、多元化的金融体系,能有效缓解企业创新的融资困境,激发创新活力。     

交通基础设施改善促进了企业创新吗？——基于高铁开通的准自然实验

本文以高铁开通为背景研究了经济地理重构对工业企业创新水平的影响。理论分析表明交通基础设施完善会通过竞争逃避效应、创新溢出(虹吸)效应和市场规模效应作用于企业创新活动,从企业和城市—行业层面变量影响当地企业创新水平。通过高铁开通的准自然实验检验表明:高铁开通城市的企业专利申请数量和质量均显著提升,这一正向影响存在空间维度的“U型”曲线关系,距离创新中心相对更远的企业受到正向影响更大。行业层面异质性检验表明,接近技术前沿和更具比较优势的行业获得更大正向效应。本文揭示了高铁建设影响地方经济发展和创新体系的一种微观机制。     

研发投入、冗余资源与企业绩效的关系研究

采用创业板企业2010～2014年数据为研究对象,实证分析研发投入与企业绩效的关系,探讨冗余资源对于二者关系的调节效应.结果表明,我国创业板企业研发投入强度与当期绩效显著负相关,而与滞后一至三期企业绩效显著正相关.考虑企业冗余资源的影响,进一步研究发现,沉淀性冗余资源和非沉淀性冗余资源对研发投入强度与企业绩效的关系分别具有负向和正向的调节效应,说明沉淀性冗余资源不利于企业研发绩效的提升,而非沉淀性冗余资源则可以有效促进企业进行创新研发,提高研发效率,最终提升企业绩效.     

上市企业员工满意度与创新——来自“中国年度最佳雇主100强”的经验证据

本文以2011－2017年沪深两市的A股上市企业为研究对象,以是否入选“中国年度最佳雇主100强”榜单衡量上市企业的员工满意度,考察员工满意度对企业创新的影响。研究表明,入选榜单的企业平均而言比其它主要特征相似的匹配企业的专利申请总数高约47%。这一效应主要体现在发明专利和实用新型专利上,而在外观设计专利上不显著。进一步地,员工满意度可以通过提高失败容忍度来提升企业创新。最后,经济后果检验表明,员工满意度的提高可以显著提升员工的创新效率和企业全要素生产率,说明较高的员工满意度有助于企业效率和长期价值的提升。     

续贷限制与企业技术创新

本文以2007年的银行续贷政策改革作为“准自然实验”,采用双重差分模型探讨了续贷限制对企业技术创新的影响。研究发现,续贷限制显著抑制了企业的技术创新,且经过一系列稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立。进一步研究发现,该政策的作用效果因专利类型的不同而存在较大差异,具体表现为,在续贷限制之后,相较于低质量非发明专利,企业高质量发明专利下降幅度更大,进而企业创新质量降低。作用机制检验发现,续贷限制会降低企业信贷规模、缩短企业信贷期限以及增加企业融资成本,进而抑制企业技术创新。上述结果表明,“一刀切”式地收紧续贷标准会强化企业的融资约束,限制信贷资金对企业技术创新的支持作用,最终不利于企业的转型升级。本文研究为当前的续贷政策提供了来自企业创新视角的理论依据和实践参考。     

儒家传统与企业创新:文化的力量

在创新型国家建设进程中,传统文化到底具有怎样的时代价值和功能？这是一个值得研究的重要问题。本文从非正式制度视角考察了儒家传统文化对当代企业创新行为的影响效应及机理。结果表明,儒家文化对企业创新具有明显的“促进效应”,即企业受到儒家文化的影响程度越强,其专利产出水平显著越高。进一步检验揭示,儒家文化主要通过缓解企业代理冲突、提高人力资本投资水平和降低专利侵权风险等三条渠道影响企业创新。我们还发现,非正式制度的儒家文化和正式制度的法律环境在促进企业创新方面存在相互替代功能。特别是儒家文化的全员辐射效应有利于激发全体员工创新热情,进而提升技术创新成果的实际转化效率,增强专利技术对企业经营绩效的边际贡献。本文从微观企业层面揭示了儒家思想促进创新的内在逻辑,纠正了部分学者对儒家文化价值的消极认知偏见,同时丰富了“文化与企业决策”国际前沿文献,贡献了东方文化情境的经验证据。     

企业创新效率研究——来自股权质押的影响

本文结合我国实施创新驱动发展战略及股权质押频繁的现实背景,利用2006—2015年A股上市公司的数据,探讨控股股东的股权质押行为是否以及如何对企业的创新效率产生影响。研究表明,控股股东的股权质押行为会显著降低企业的创新效率。进一步地研究发现:(1)当第二类代理问题越严重,或质押风险越大时,控股股东股权质押行为抑制企业创新效率的作用越明显,表明控股股东股权质押伴随的掏空效应及短视效应,是导致二者负向关系的重要原因;(2)掏空效应和短视效应在影响控股股东股权质押与企业创新效率的关系上存在显著的替代效应;(3)研发投入强度下降时,控股股东股权质押对企业创新效率产生的负面效应更强。本文的研究不仅丰富了企业创新效率影响因素及控股股东股权质押经济后果的相关文献,对于规范控股股东股权质押行为,提高企业创新能力,实现创新驱动发展战略,也具有重要的启示意义。     

续贷限制与企业技术创新

本文以2007年的银行续贷政策改革作为“准自然实验”,采用双重差分模型探讨了续贷限制对企业技术创新的影响。研究发现,续贷限制显著抑制了企业的技术创新,且经过一系列稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立。进一步研究发现,该政策的作用效果因专利类型的不同而存在较大差异,具体表现为,在续贷限制之后,相较于低质量非发明专利,企业高质量发明专利下降幅度更大,进而企业创新质量降低。作用机制检验发现,续贷限制会降低企业信贷规模、缩短企业信贷期限以及增加企业融资成本,进而抑制企业技术创新。上述结果表明,“一刀切”式地收紧续贷标准会强化企业的融资约束,限制信贷资金对企业技术创新的支持作用,最终不利于企业的转型升级。本文研究为当前的续贷政策提供了来自企业创新视角的理论依据和实践参考。     

Can digital financial inclusion promote China's economic growth?

Can digital financial inclusion as an emerging and innovative financial service promote economic growth? Based on a Bayesian macroeconomic analysis framework, this paper introduces the level of Internet development as a threshold variable, analyzes the impact of digital financial inclusion on economic growth based on provincial panel data from 2011 to 2019 in China, and finally explores the mediating effect of digital financial inclusion on economic growth through a multiple mediation model. The results show that ① digital financial inclusion development has a significant contribution to economic growth. ② The impact of digital financial inclusion development on economic growth has a significant Internet threshold effect. ③Promoting small and medium-sized enterprise entrepreneurship and stimulating residents' consumption are two important channels through which digital financial inclusion development affects economic growth.     

Environmental regulation,green innovation,and export product quality: What is the role of greenwashing?

To facilitate sustainable growth, green innovation, and industrial upgrading, it is important to explore the relationship between environmental regulations and firm performance. Green innovation is increasingly being recognized as an important determinant of the quality of export products, which plays a critical role in international business and finance. Therefore, this paper empirically examines the impact of green innovation on export product quality at the firm level using relevant data from Chinese exporters. First, we identify a positive relationship between green innovation and export product quality. Second, environmental regulations are observed to have a negative effect on green innovation for highly-polluting firms but do not significantly impact those with lower levels of pollution. Third, our research reveals that the negative effects only exist in those highly-polluting firms that exhibit greenwashing behavior, with financial constraints strengthening these impacts. Therefore, this study reveals that the greenwashing suppression effect curbs the efficiency of environmental regulations on green innovation.     

The impact of central bank digital currency variation on firm's implied volatility

The paper investigates whether a firm's implied volatility is affected by the volatility of central bank digital currencies. Our sample covers 2853 listed companies in the United States from 2014 to 2018. First, we find the variation of central bank digital currency has a positive impact on a firm’s implied volatility. Second, the healthier firms’ conditions can reduce the relationship between central bank digital currency variation and a firm’s implied volatility. Third, the positive relation between central bank digital currency and firm’s implied volatility still exists in investment-grade, speculative-grade, and unrated firms. Finally, to eliminate the endogeneity problem, we adopt simultaneous equation models (SEM) and find our results are still robust after excluding endogenous concerns. Our research provides a reminder for corporate managers and new implications for policymakers.     

企业技术并购、自主研发投资与创新效率——来自技术密集型行业的实证

以沪深两市技术密集型行业企业为样本,研究主并企业并购前自主研发投资形成的研发资本存量和对外技术并购获取技术知识两方面对其并购后创新效率产生的混合作用,再进一步检验并购双方技术重叠在主并企业并购前自主研发投资和并购后创新效率之间关系的调节作用.研究表明:企业并购前自主研发投资形成的知识储备量会促进其并购后创新效率的提升.技术并购及并购双方的技术重叠进一步放大了这种正向促进作用,说明技术并购及技术重叠会加强主并企业内部自主研发对外来创新能量的内化、吸收速度,并改善和提升内部研发投资效率.同时,在并购前持续追加研发投资的主并企业中,这种现象和作用也会更为明显.     

数字普惠金融对共同富裕影响研究——基于空间计量的实证研究

依据2011—2021年30个省级面板数据,运用固定效应模型、空间计量模型、中介模型,考量数字普惠金融对共同富裕的影响及机制。结果显示：数字普惠金融能改善居民收入水平、缩小居民收入差距,对共同富裕呈正向作用,同时具有区域异质性与结构异质性,呈负向空间溢出效应;经济增长与技术创新对共同富裕具有中介效应,经济增长提高社会福利水平,技术创新促进公共服务均等化,有利于共同富裕实现。     

管理决断权、财务柔性与企业技术创新

本文以2010-2018年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,通过构建中介效应模型和有调节的中介效应模型,实证研究管理决断权对企业创新绩效的影响路径,以及CEO变更对管理决断权、财务柔性与企业创新绩效之间关系的调节效应。研究结果表明,提升管理层的管理决断权有助于促进创新绩效,而且财务柔性在管理决断权影响创新绩效过程中起不完全中介作用,存在"管理决断权水平高-→财务柔性水平高-→企业创新绩效高"的传导路径;CEO变更会正向调节财务柔性在管理决断权正向影响创新绩效中的中介效应,即存在有调节的中介效应。本文深化了管理决断权影响企业创新绩效的研究,对企业在CEO变更条件下建立和推动创新导向、增加研发投资以提升创新绩效具有重要的现实意义。     

A partial least squares approach to digital finance adoption

In present times, the adoption and adaption of technology have become empirical. This paper helps in determining the factors of perceived risk and perceived benefits in order to understand the willingness or hesitance of people to adopt digital finance. An attempt is made to study the influence of perceived risk and benefit as the determinants of digital finance adoption. The data were collected from individuals of Northern India through a structured questionnaire. The study collected data from 411 respondents through a structured questionnaire. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling has been adopted to analyze the data through SmartPLSv2. For better understanding, perceived risk constituted three constructs-Security risk, financial risk and performance risk, and perceived benefit included seamless transaction, economic benefit and convenience. The research concluded that both perceived risk and benefits influence the adoption of digital finance. Perceived benefit has more impact on digital finance adoption than perceived risk. The findings of the paper are beneficial for digital finance service providers and marketers to enhance the awareness and advantages of digital finance according to the needs of consumers. The present study adds value to the existing literature on the relationship between perceived risk, perceived benefit and adoption of digital finance.

     

Family involvement,family member composition and firm innovation

Based on the data of Chinese listed family firms from 2008 to 2016, we investigate the impact of family involvement on firm innovation and the moderating effect of family member composition. The results show that increased family involvement significantly reduces R&D investment intensity and the number of patent applications. With the increased richness of the kinship of family members involved in management, the negative impact of family involvement on patent applications is weakened, but family member composition does not have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between family involvement and R&D investment intensity. Further analysis shows that the number of invention patent applications decreases as the degree of family involvement increases, but family involvement has no significant effect on utility model patent and design patent applications. Family member composition has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between family involvement and invention patent applications. The results have value as a reference for exploring how family involvement affects firm innovation and can also help the actual controller to take effective measures to optimize family member composition and improve the innovation performance of family firms.