关系网络、跨组织知识整合与组织创新绩效的关系实证研究

本文分析了跨组织知识整合的内涵和要素结构,将跨组织知识整合划分为外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用3个环节,建立了关系网络、跨组织知识整合和组织创新绩效之间的理论模型,并以229家企业为对象运用结构方程模型进行实证研究,并得出结论,外部关系网络对外部知识捕获有正向影响,内部关系网络对外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用均有正向影响,内部关系网络对组织创新绩效有正向影响,跨组织知识整合在内部关系网络与组织创新绩效间起着中介作用,为企业通过外部和内部关系网络提升跨组织知识整合能力,进而提升组织创新绩效提供理论基础和实践参考.     

基于企业内外部网络视角的创新绩效多因素影响模型与实证研究

本文在考察网络能力与创新绩效之间的逻辑关系基础上,引入内部网络效度和合作治理方式作为调节变量,检验了企业内外部网络因素对创新绩效的影响,研究结果发现:企业网络能力和内部网络效度均对创新绩效产生显著正向影响;内部网络效度对网络能力与创新绩效的关系发挥着正向的调节效应;尽管合作治理方式对创新绩效具有正面影响,但它对网络能力与创新绩效的关系不具有调节效应;此外,企业规模对外部网络能力和内部网络效度的影响差异显著。     

企业集成创新中知识整合绩效影响因素的实证分析

利用基于理论的实证分析方法构建集成创新中知识整合绩效影响因素概念模型并建立假设关系。开发Likert量表对企业进行调查获取相关数据,对筛选后的数据进行描述性统计分析;利用结构方程模型对假设进行检验,得到知识整合绩效影响因素的影响方向和影响程度。研究结果表明:创新知识特性对知识整合绩效有显著的负向影响且影响程度最大;组织结构、知识整合手段、组织学习和文化氛围对知识整合绩效有显著的正向影响,影响程度从大到小依次为组织学习、文化氛围、知识整合手段和组织结构。     

网络嵌入影响企业创新绩效的概念模型与实证分析

本文有效整合社会网络、知识获取和创新绩效三个方面的理论研究,以知识获取为中间变量,构建网络嵌入影响企业创新绩效的概念模型,探究关系型嵌入和结构型嵌入影响企业外部知识获取并进而影响创新绩效的微观机理,并通过长三角地区270家本土企业的问卷调查与结构方程模型分析,结果发现:企业通过对组织网络的关系型嵌入和结构型嵌入能够有效提高外部知识的获取效应,从而对企业的创新绩效存在显著的推动作用。在此基础上,本研究试图为本土企业如何通过网络嵌入提高知识获取能力以及创新绩效提供理论指导和对策建议。     

组织文化对知识共享和创新绩效的中介关系研究--基于PLS －S EM模型

本文将高技术企业组织文化特性概括为开放性、自动性、集成性、一致性、目的性和适应性,搭建了知识共享、组织文化和创新绩效关系的概念模型。基于PLS－SEM模型,实证分析了知识共享对创新绩效的作用机制,诠释了组织文化的中介作用。结果显示：模型的拟合优度较高,具有一定的解释力,知识共享对创新绩效有显著性正向影响;组织文化特性的6个维度均对创新绩效产生显著正向影响;组织文化在知识共享与创新绩效之间起部分中介作用。     

企业外部知识网络能力的结构测量——基于结构洞理论的研究

以开放式创新模式下企业外部知识网络建设面临的挑战为基点,引入结构洞理论,基于对外部知识网络中结构洞的规划、占据、利用、剖析和拓展,识别企业外部知识网络能力的结构体系和内部作用机理;利用实证研究确定了涵盖网络构想能力、网络建构能力、网络利用能力、网络解构能力和网络重构能力等5个维度,共12个子维度和37个题项的企业外部知识网络能力测量量表。在此基础上,提出了"一纵一横"的企业外部知识网络能力的提升路径,即从战略层面到战术操作再回归到战略的纵向动态循环,以及从知识结点到知识链再到利益的横向持续推进。本研究从结构洞理论的视角揭示了企业外部知识网络能力的多维度构成和内部演化机理,研究结果弥补了现有研究中知识网络能力和一般网络能力之间、外部知识网络和内部知识网络之间模糊不清的不足,并能够为后续研究提供理论支撑和实证基础。     

中小企业创新与企业绩效关系的META分析

本文通过构建一个综合理论模型， 运用Meta分析技术， 定量综合了国内外37篇实证研究的37个独立样本， 用以分析中小企业创新与绩效之间的关系及其影响因素。 结论显示， 中小企业创新与其绩效之间具有显著正向关系。 据此， 本文进一步分析影响创新与中小企业绩效之间关系强度的不同因素， 发现在创新过程中， 创新产出的影响较创新投入的影响更为明显， 内部创新的效果优于外部联盟， 新兴企业的创新效果较成熟企业更为明显。     

知识管理、组织学习、项目管理核心能力与代建绩效的关系研究

以65个代建项目为研究样本,利用结构方程模型方法,对政府投资项目代建单位知识管理、组织学习、项目管理核心能力与代建绩效之间的关系进行实证研究,研究结果表明:在代建单位中,知识管理对组织学习具有直接的正向影响,组织学习对项目管理核心能力具有直接的正向影响,项目管理核心能力对代建缋效具有直接的正向影响,知识管理和组织学习通过项目管理核心能力间接的对代建绩效产生正向影响.研究结果对于代建单位从知识管理和组织学习的角度来提高代建缋效具有重要的参考价值.     

IT网络组织对云计算应用绩效影响实证研究——基于组织合法性的中介作用

云计算技术的创新应用构建了新型IT 网络组织， 本文选取212 份有效研究样本， 采用回归分析等方法， 借助于实证研究探讨网络组织对云计算应用绩效的影响， 并探讨组织合法性的中介作用。研究结果显示，IT 网络组织要素信息共享、 相互依赖、 环境影响与技术驱动对云计算应用绩效具有显著的正向影响， 规范合法性以及认知合法性在IT 网络组织影响云计算应用绩效的关系中起中介作用。     

管理学百年演进与创新:组织间关系的视角

本文以组织间关系为视角探讨管理学近百年来的演进脉络与发展创新,认为管理的对象即以人为主体的岗位、部门、组织各层面由组织内部向组织外部外溢,并使管理形式呈现出点—点、点—链、点—网,以及多形式网络关系的跨层次特征。组织间关系管理手段在演进过程中形成了包括关系识别、构建、维持和优化的协调系统,并且,管理内容、知识资源共享互动问题日益突显和受到关注。在分析管理学演进与创新的基础上,本文构建了组织间关系管理的理论模型,并对模型构成要素进行了阐述。     

The integrative domain of foresight and competitive intelligence and its impact on R&D management

R&D takes years to come to fruition, thus choosing R&D programs should be set in the context of the environment that will exist at the time that research is completed. Foresight and competitive intelligence are two fields that seek to address future oriented environmental scanning. The paper looks at what the domains of foresight and competitive intelligence entail and in particular how competitive technical intelligence can work to integrate and enable competitive agility in foresight positioning. Focus is put on reviewing literature that addresses how foresight impacts R&D project selection. A review is made on foresight programs from around the world based on a recently completed study on Canada's foresight capacity. The authors conclude that agile organizations need to be adaptive and well prepared for tomorrow's challenges and so by integrating competitive technical intelligence, (typically oriented to business needs) with strategic technology foresight, (typically designed to address government priorities for technology investments and innovation policy issues), enterprises will be best positioned to address uncertainties in the technology cycle.     

Foresight studies undertaken by the Ministry of Economic Affairs in the Netherlands

With technology gaining greater recognition as a key factor in the economic performance of a country, foresight studies to identify emerging technologies get more attention. In a lot of countries foresight studies are carried out in order to target national resources to better improve economic competitiveness. This article describes foresight studies done in the Netherlands. Started as an experiment by the Ministry of Economic Affairs in 1989 they are now an integral part of the methods for determining technology policy in the Netherlands.
The ministry defined three objectives for the foresight studies: (a) they must generate information for strategic technology policy; (b) they have to provide SME's with advance information about the possibilities for application of new technologies; (c) they have to stimulate the creation of networks between actors in industry, research and the educational system who are involved in a defined technology area. From six studies done so far (adhesives, chipcards, mecha-tronics, matrix composites, signal processing and separation technology) the author shows how these objectives were met, which bottlenecks and which opportunities were identified and which activities were set up to exploit the situation in a certain technology area. She concludes that it is essential for the success of the foresight studies to bring together different stakeholders, to create consensus between them on future directions and to commit them to the results.     

加快推进生物医药产业技术路线图的研制

产业技术路线图是一种新兴的技术预见方法和科技战略管理工具,生物医药产业作为我国重点发展的高技术行业,应高度重视产业技术路线图的应用。     

Aligning technology,business and regulatory scenarios for cognitive radio

The amount of wireless and mobile applications and devices is rapidly growing. This exponential growth might be hindered by a scarcity of suitable radio spectrum, a necessary but limited natural resource required for all wireless communications. Spectrum scarcity does not only slow down data growth, but may also disrupt existing communications. Cognitive radio may provide a solution to these issues, but although the concept seems promising, few products making use of CR have been brought to the market. This is due to significant uncertainties surrounding the appropriate economic scenario for CR, the regulatory framework and the technology enablers needed for such CR scenario. As business, regulatory and technical constraints are largely co-determined by each other, this paper proposes to align them, paving the road for the implementation of specific economic scenarios with appropriate regulation. First, from the business perspective, a taxonomy of possible economic scenarios for CR is proposed. Second, for each scenario a number of regulatory requirements – based on a European context – and characteristics are given. In doing so, it is argued that the economic scenarios are inherently distinct so that CR regulation should be customized for the type of scenario envisaged. Third, from the technology perspective, this article reviews the possible CR enablers, showing that spectrum sensing, CPC and geolocation database all have their strengths and weaknesses, and receive varying support from business and regulators. Based on the analysis it can be concluded that, although the introduction of CR does not seem problematic for the unlicensed scenario and the flexible operator scenario, more complex measures are required to enable CR to contribute to the implementation of spectrum pool—and spectrum market scenarios. It can also be concluded that, out of the three proposed alternatives, the geolocation database is the most likely candidate to be used for CR purposes. However, although this database is a clear favorite for applications within the TV White Spaces, spectrum sensing should not be discarded as a potential CR enabler for highly sensitive applications in high-density radio environments.     

冬暖夏热地区民用建筑隔墙板的经济性及综合比较研究

随着装配式建筑的发展,民用建筑中轻质隔墙板的推广应用也日新月异。与所有新生事物的发展一样,轻质隔墙板的应用有待人们多角度、全面的认识。通常,由于资料、事例、精力有限,人们对轻质隔墙板的性能和应用仅是有限和定性的分析,不足以得出正确的认识。在对生产企业和施工工地调研的基础上,以及前期对轻质隔墙板的技术性、施工性指标做针对性评价后,文章采用量化分析、指标研究的方法,重点对经济性指标进行评价,进而对技术性、施工性、经济性这三种指标进行跨行业的交叉综合分析评价,构成一个完整的轻质隔墙板的评价体系。由此,评价体系对轻质隔墙板的使用作出判断,提出使用建议,该评价体系的方法不限于对新型建材的评价。     

Government policy of technology selection for advanced traveler information systems

Technology selection is widely recognized for its increasing importance in the field of technology management. Different from previous work that only used a single evaluation method, this study uses the grey statistics method with survey techniques and scenario approach to develop a three-stage model for the technology selection issue. An empirical case of the Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS) technology selection in Taiwan was chosen to illustrate the application of this model on the technology selection problem. The results indicate that GPS/GIS technology is the preferred ATIS technology developed in Taiwan. The application of the model provides an avenue for government policy makers and researchers to deal effectively with the technology selection issue.     

用AUTOLISP实现分马力电机可变尺寸图形的绘制

AUTO LISP 是嵌套在 AUTO CAD 绘图软件包中的一种功能很强的智能语言,可在绘图软件包环境下直接运行,是一种很适合绘制“可变尺寸图形”的方法。本文详细地研究了 AUTO LISP 源程序编制、在系统状态下编辑程序和在 HCAD 状态下绘图等内容。对 AUTO CAD 的开发应用具有重要作用。     

纺织业引进技术消化吸收与创新模式的探讨

若能更好解决引进技术消化吸收与创新的矛盾和问题,将有助于纺织业整体实力的提高。研究引进技术消化吸收与创新的可行性、实操性和持续性,为行业发展提供技术、经济指标,构建纺织业创新模式的新理念,提出纺织业"引进、吸收、创新"的发展模式,避免引进技术的盲目性,对行业具有较大的借鉴价值和指导意义,并能获得良好的社会、经济效益。     

全站仪法在检定立式金属罐容积中的应用

作为一种新技术、新方法,全站仪法在检定立式金属罐容积中的应用刚刚起步。简述了全站仪法的检定工作原理、方式和技术特点．着重表述了全站仪法适合检定立式金属罐的容积范围及检定结果不确定度的分析,并对该方法的计量检定结果与光学参比线法的检定结果作了比较。     

Harnessing a network of experts for competitive advantage: technology scouting in the ICT industry

In order to identify discontinuous technological change and develop appropriate action, companies are increasingly building technology foresight (TF) practices. This paper explores how, using networks of experts, TF capabilities can be built. On the basis of three case studies and 43 interviews, it is shown that building foresight systems through networks of scouts yields several benefits, including the support for sourcing external technologies. Using insights from the three major telecommunication incumbents in Europe, the paper describes and discusses (1) what can be achieved by technology scouting, (2) how a process can be set up, (3) what is important in the design of a scouting network, and (4) the characteristics that should be aimed for when choosing technology scouts. The paper contributes to the methodological base of corporate foresight, to the technology management literature, and to the understanding of how companies can increase their open‐innovation capabilities by extending the intertwinement with their environment.