Investing in Japan？ Statistics Speak

Is investing in Japan a good choice for ambitious Chinese enterprises？ Xiong Lin, partner at the Beijing DaDi Law firm, reminded potential investors that understanding Sino-Japan cultural differences, local policies and the procedures concerning investment, as well as protecting intellectual property and prompt communication with local consulting firms are the keys to good preparation. She gave this advice at the ＂2009 Investment in Japan Seminar＂ on March 5, a seminar co-hosted by CCPIT （China Council for the promotion of International Trade） and JETRO （Japan External Trade Organization） as the follow-up to a session held in 2007.     

Can Globalisation and Global Localisation Explain Foreign Direct Investment? Japanese Firms in Europe

This paper uses logit regression on the responses of 383 Japanese manufacturing firms located in the member countries of the European Union to investigate the motives for foreign direct investment. Japan External Trade Organisation (JETRO) data, as published in their 8th Annual Survey (October 1992) classified by industry, were used. The results confirm that decisions leading to FDI cannot be explained by a single factor and, furthermore, different types of FDI are influenced by different combinations of motives.     

Japan 20: The West 1 Reversing the Scorecard

The trade imbalance between Japan and its Western partners may be a source of concern, but much more serious is the even far greater investment imbalance. While Japanese direct investments have poured into the North American and European markets, American and European investments in Japan are paltry: the current ratio of investment flows is running at 20 to 1, in some cases much more, in Japan's favour. As the strategic issues for Western companies in establishing a "robust presence" in Japan are fundamental and critical, the trade and investment deficits are partly caused and further exacerbated by the "knowledge-gap" between the two. Reversing the scorecard must be the most urgent imperative for Western corporations and governments, though the effort required will be very substantial indeed.     

Sony Style in China

Since the normalization of the diplomatic ties between China and ） Japan, the bilateral economic relations have deepened continually. According to the statistic of Japan, China passed U.S. to become Japan＇s top trade partner as well as is the second largest export market for Japan and is the largest import resource for Japan. Japan companies such as Mitsui, Sumitomo, Sony and Panasonic, have set the subsidiaries in China and explored their scales. This year 2008 marks the 30th anniversary of the signing of the ChinaJapan Treaty of Peace and Friendship.     

A Critical Review of Market Entry Selection and Expansion Into Japan's Market

ABSTRACT

This article offers a contribution to the Japan market entry model selection. It critically analyzes the various models such as the eclectic, transaction cost analysis, Uppsala, resource-based, interactive network, and bargaining power models, with examples as they relate to foreign firms that had used some of these models to successfully establish their businesses in Japan, as well as some foreign firms that have failed in the market. Data were gathered from the past academic journals, the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), newsmagazines, and other sources. Knowledge of corporate Japan and the society played a major role in gathering data for this study. The aim of this article is not to prescribe or offer a solution for the best-available model to use in the market entry into Japan but rather to act as a trigger for a critical checkup on foreign firms planning to internationalize their business and enter the Japanese market. Since there has not been a specific model designed for a Confucian society like Japan, an integrated model combining all the models together was examined using the market entry in Japan of Vodafone, Yahoo, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, and Bayer Yakuhin as examples. Finally, the article offers some suggestions on how to enter and expand business in the Japanese market.     

Regional Dimension of Economic Cooperation Between Japan and Russia

Abstract

The past decade has brought remarkable changes to the economic cooperation of North-West Japan (Hokkaido and Japan Sea coastal prefectures) and the Russian Far East, such as fast growth of intra-regional trade, great structural changes, a huge increase in the number of cooperating companies and thousands of Russians coming to Japanese ports, which until recently were closed to them. Similar trends were observed in Asian, European and American regions involved in trade with Russia. In Japan, the initial “Siberian euphoria” has gradually been replaced by a much more realistic approach. The reason is that liberalization of trade, globalization and regional development created a number of problems: the prevalence of geopolitical over economic considerations in energy projects, the growth of the shadow sector in certain arrears of mutual trade, the very uneven distribution of benefits and losses from cross-border cooperation and the deep differences of public opinion in Japan and Russia. This paper argues that in terms of public finance theory, these problems can be considered as examples of a failure of market mechanisms, shadow economy, negative externalities and asymmetric information, which can only be solved by effective public policy and state intervention.     

中日服务业产业内贸易影响因素分析

本文利用联合国服务贸易数据库2000-2010年的数据,通过GL指数、MIIT指数、HIIT指数和VIIT指数,对中日服务业产业内贸易水平进行分析,认为中日服务贸易以垂直型产业内贸易为主,并且服务贸易各部门产业内贸易水平差异较大,运输、旅游、通讯、建筑、保险、金融和其他商业服务的产业内贸易水平较高;对影响中日服务业产业内贸易发展的因素进行回归分析表明:人均收入水平差异和市场规模是影响中日服务业产业内贸易水平的重要因素,中日人均收入水平差异和市场开放度与中日服务业产业内贸易正相关,市场规模和日本对华直接投资与中日服务业产业内贸易负相关。     

我国与日本蔬菜贸易均衡关税率的计量分析

我国的蔬菜在世界蔬菜生产和贸易中占有重要地位。目前,我国蔬菜的第一大出口去向是日本。从日本的蔬菜进口来源看,最大的蔬菜进口来源国是我国。本文首先运用蔬菜进口函数模型、通过中国、美国、新西兰这三个日本的蔬菜主要进口来源国的相互比较,分析我国蔬菜在日本市场上的竞争力。在此基础上构建均衡关税率"零售价均衡模型",对我国与日本蔬菜的贸易均衡关税率进行计量分析。得出的主要结论是,我国蔬菜在日本市场上有着较大的竞争力,另外,日本通过提高关税率来保护其蔬菜产业是违背市场经济规律的。     

国有外贸企业战略转型的理论选择及分析模型

随着我国加入WTO ,国有外贸企业失去了独享的外贸经营权 ,国有外贸企业的经营环境发生了巨变 ,使得国有外贸企业进行战略转型成为一个迫切需要探讨的理论与实践问题。从战略管理的角度探讨我国国有外贸企业战略转型的理论基础和分析模型 ,为指导我国国有外贸企业转型 ,寻找适合的理论基础     

Action! Local CCPITs!

Zhejiang Province China Council for the Promotion of International Trade （CCPIT） Zhejiang sub-council visited and researched nearly a hundred companies in 9 cities and 31 counties. It found that the impact of financial crisis is far from over, and still spreading. In January this year, Zhejiang＇s exports continued to decline with 10.7% down, while imports decreased by 36.8%. At the same time, the decline in the export of processing trade is greater than the general decline in trade. For a considerable period of time, it is rather difficult to reverse the decline in processing trade exports.     

中国同日本贸易条件变化和波动情况的经验分析

文章在联合国统计司Comtrade数据库的基础上对中国同日本贸易条件的变化和波动情况进行了经验分析,结果发现:从1987-2006年,中国同日本的初级产品贸易条件有一定程度的改善,而整体贸易条件和制成品贸易条件则出现了明显的恶化;中国同日本贸易条件的波动主要是由中国对日本初级产品出口份额大的波动、中技术产品及高技术产品进出口贸易发展的不平衡以及高技术产品贸易条件的较大波动引起的,而减小中国同日本贸易条件波动的关键在于减小高技术产品贸易条件的波动.     

Multinational companies and the growth of the U.S. trade deficit

This article examines the role of multinational companies (MNCs) in the growth of the U.S. trade deficit. Estimates of MNC-related trade are developed for 1977, 1982, and 1987. The data show that MNCs are associated with a significant share of U.S. trade and that the trading activities of multinational companies can be linked to significant trends in the U.S. trade balance.     

中日服务贸易发展路径比较研究

服务贸易作为一种新型的贸易形式正迅速发展,为加快世界经济转型,促进经济增长提供了新的动力。文章在对中日两国的服务贸易发展路径的比较过后发现,中国的服务贸易发展有与日本存在诸多相似之处,中国的服务贸易处于日本服务贸易发展的初级阶段。政府应从政策、技术创新、产业结构等方面进行改善和调整,以促进中国服务贸易健康、快速发展。     

中日韩区域贸易潜力分析——基于贸易引力模型的角度

本文在考察中日韩区域内贸易现状的基础上,利用贸易引力模型对其贸易流量的影响因素以及进一步合作的潜力进行研究。研究显示,人均收入水平、距离因素对出口贸易量影响最大,同时,中日韩之间贸易存在着巨大的发展空间,特别是中国对韩国、日本对韩国、韩国对日本的出口潜力极大。     

我国ST上市公司治理缺陷与董事问责制关系的实证研究

我国ST公司治理的缺陷主要外化表现在关联交易的增加,公司业绩持续恶化,资产空心化状态不断加剧。董事问责机制的缺乏是我国上市公司治理结构的制度缺陷。董事问责制缺乏与上市公司治理缺陷之间具有较高的相关性,非公允关联交易是导致我国上市公司业绩持续恶化和资产空心化的主要原因之一。     

服务贸易视角下中日韩贸易竞争与互补分析

作为东亚地区经济发展的核心,中日韩三国服务贸易的发展一直备受关注。日本服务贸易的竞争力水平是中日韩三国中最强的,其次是中国,最后是韩国。中国具有竞争力的行业主要是建筑、电信、计算机和信息以及其他商业服务,韩国具有竞争力的行业主要是旅游和建筑服务,日本具有竞争力的行业主要是运输、建筑、专业权利和特许服务以及政府服务。进一步对中日韩服务贸易的影响因素进行分析发现:人均国内生产总值、外商直接投资、货物贸易出口额和服务贸易开放水平与中日韩服务贸易竞争力水平都呈显著正相关关系,其中,服务贸易开放度水平对中日韩服务贸易竞争力水平的影响最大,外商直接投资对中日韩服务贸易竞争力水平的影响最小。     

外贸经营权空置及浙江省民营企业出口方法的比较研究

浙江省民营企业外贸经营权空置现象十分普遍。本文通过对浙江省民营企业外贸经营方式(间接出口和直接出口)的比较分析,探讨了浙江省民营企业外贸经营权高空置率现象的成因,提出了浙江省民营企业合理选择外贸经营方式的建议。     

Computational Analysis of the Menu of US‐Japan Trade Policies

We have used the Michigan Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model of World Production and Trade to calculate the aggregate welfare and sectoral employment effects of the menu of US‐Japan trade policies. The menu of policies encompasses the various preferential US and Japan bilateral and regional free trade agreements (FTAs) negotiated and in process, unilateral removal of existing trade barriers and global (multilateral) free trade. The welfare impacts of the FTAs on the United States and Japan are shown to be rather small in absolute and relative terms. The sectoral employment effects are also generally small but vary across the individual sectors depending on the patterns of the bilateral liberalisation. The welfare effects on the FTA partner countries are mostly positive though generally small, but there are some indications of potentially disruptive employment shifts in some partner countries. There are indications of trade diversion and detrimental welfare effects on non‐member countries for some of the FTAs analysed. In comparison to the welfare gains from the US and Japan bilateral FTAs, the gains from both unilateral trade liberalisation by the United States, Japan and the FTA partners, and from global (multilateral) free trade are shown to be rather substantial and more uniformly positive for all countries in the global trading system. The US and Japan FTAs are based on ‘hub’ and ‘spoke’ arrangements. We show that the spokes emanate out in different and often overlapping directions, suggesting that the complex of bilateral FTAs may create distortions of the global trading system.     

中日服务业产业内贸易研究

通过对2001～2005年中日服务业产业内贸易GL指数的计算和分析,得出中日服务贸易以产业内贸易为主的结论,但各行业产业内贸易水平差异较大,运输和通讯行业的产业内贸易水平最高.并通过计算各行业贸易竞争优势指数,分析中日两国在各服务业的竞争力情况.     

中部地区开放型经济发展现状、定位及路径选择

随着国内外发展环境的变化,我国开放型经济面临的瓶颈约束日益明显,区域发展不协调、一体化水平不高等问题愈发突出。推动内陆欠发达地区开放型经济发展、形成合理的区域发展格局是我国开放布局的重要目标。地处内陆腹地的中部地区要改变开放型经济发展滞后的状况,实现本地区经济崛起,必须确立新的发展思路,寻求新的发展路径。