股市泡沫检验与测度方法研究

对股市泡沫检验与测度方法的研究具有重大的现实意义。本文首先介绍了股市理性泡沫相关理论和理性泡沫的分类,在此基础上对常用的股市理性泡沫检验方法进行研究。然后分析了股市泡沫测度的几种常用方法,最后对股市泡沫的检验和测度方法进行了总结和发展方向的展望。     

沪深股市理性投机泡沫的实证检验分析

本文在对上证指数和深证指数周收益率尾部检验的基础上,利用游程持续期依赖的检验方法,得出仅沪市存在理性投机泡沫的结论.     

金融资产泡沫问题分析

本文从股市泡沫的概念出发,把泡沫分为理性泡沫和非理性泡沫,通过分析得出我国股票市场存在较多非理性泡沫,并进一步分析了我国股市泡沫的存在的表现。     

金融泡沫：理论模型与测度指标解析

理性泡沫理论假说认为,金融资产的实际价格除了反映其市场要价格之外,还包含着理性泡沫在内,但经济生活中,市场并非总是有效的,非合理性金融泡沫往往成为常态,信息缺陷,投机者的非理性冲动,短视行为和预期粘性等是铭资产非合理性泡沫的重要成因,金融泡沫可以用金融相关比率和市盈率比率等指标测度。     

沪,深两地的股市泡沫与黑子比较

一、个股的价格泡沫与价格黑子 股市泡沫和股市黑子是一个问题的两个方面,反映的都是股市价格的异常波动。通常股市价格的异常波动都是先有泡沫、后有黑子,如果不能对股市泡沫进行有效的监测和控制,必然会造成泡沫爆裂并导致股市黑子。股市泡沫和股市黑子都可定义为理性预期假定下股市指数实际值与理论值之间的差别,如果这个差别在理性预期假定下有一个较大的累进正值就会导致股市泡沫,如果这个差别在理性预期假定下有一个较大的累进负值就会导致股市黑子。①股市指数理论值的模拟可由个股理论值的模拟得出,因为股市指数是由部分或者…     

修正的倒向上确界ADF泡沫检验方法——来自上证综指的证据

模拟蒙特卡洛分析发现,当两个泡沫间隔很短或第一个泡沫比第二个持续时间较长时,BSADF检验方法不能准确地估计出第二个泡沫,而本文修正的BSADF检验方法能有效地克服此问题。通过比较这两种方法对上证综指泡沫的产生和破灭时间的估计差异,发现BSADF检验只能检验出一个泡沫,泡沫持续期为2006年12月至2007年12月,而修正的BSADF发现了紧邻的第二个短暂性泡沫,发生在金融危机期间。     

基于指数平滑转移模型的价格泡沫检验方法

蒙特卡洛分析显示,Phillips,Wu和Yu（2011）提出的sup ADF泡沫检验方法对扰动项的异方差较为敏感,尤其是当扰动项方差接近非平稳时存在严重的尺度扭曲,倾向于过度拒绝不存在泡沫的原假设。同时,对于Evans（1991）周期性破灭的泡沫,当泡沫破灭的概率增加时,sup ADF检验的检验势下降较快。本文结合Kapetanios,Shin和Snell（2003）单位根检验的思想,在指数平滑转移模型的框架下提出了一种新的泡沫检验方法（sup KSS检验）。与sup ADF检验相比,sup KSS检验对于扰动项的异方差有一定的改进,同时对于周期性破灭的泡沫和指数平滑转移泡沫具有较稳健的检验势。     

上证指数泡沫的实证研究

资产泡沫作为一种经济现象,它的产生、形成和发展是有其制度根源的。货币制度、信用制度和银行制度都从不同的方面为金融泡沫的形成和发展提供了可能性。而在现代市场经济中,应当将金融泡沫看作是中性的,是不能用＂好＂与＂不好＂来作价值判断的经济现象。目前测定资产泡沫的两种检验方法,基于基本面的检验方法和与基本面无关的检验方法。由于基于基本面的检验方法有诸多的问题,所以文章重点介绍与基本面无关的检验方法,包括游程持续期检验、证据观察法检验,以此来验证我国上海股票市场是否存在资产泡沫。     

金融资产泡沫风险预警指标体系与实证分析

本文以金融资产泡沫风险的同步变量构成的中国金融资产泡沫压力指数为被解释变量,采用Granger因果检验方法,检验出与金融资产泡沫压力指数有因果关系的指标后,以遴选出的宏观经济变量、房地产价格变量和资产价格变量为解释变量,运用逐步回归法建立了金融资产泡沫风险最佳预测模型,从而构建起了合理、实用的金融资产泡沫风险预警指标体系,形成连续的资产泡沫压力指数走势图;并用此最优预测模型对我国2011年金融资产泡沫风险状况进行了预测。预测结果表明,前三季度我国金融系统性风险呈上升态势,即存在资产泡沫风险。     

中国十大宜居城市房地产价格泡沫度的实证研究

本文通过单位根ADF检验,对我国十大宜居城市中的九个城市（剔除桂林,数据不可得）的房地产价格泡沫进行了初步检验,结果显示除青岛外其他城市房地产价格都面临着不同程度的泡沫。然后通过建立时变风险溢价模型和三变量VAR模型,对除青岛以外的剩余城市的房地产价格泡沫进行了度量,结果显示：上海、大连、北京、广州、成都、杭州、珠海和厦门的房地产市场都存在着不同程度的泡沫,其中北京、杭州和珠海的房地产市场泡沫已经达到了30％以上,而上海、大连和厦门的房地产市场泡沫在20％以上,成都和广州的房地产市场泡沫也在10％以上。使用该方法可以度量任何一个地区、省份、市区的房地产价格泡沫度,可以为房地产商、购房人和中央及地方政府提供相应的决策依据。     

Optimism,pessimism and financial bubbles

This paper shows that it is possible to extend the scope of the existence of rational bubbles when uncertainty is introduced associated with rank-dependent expected utility. This RDU assumption can be viewed as a transformation of probabilities depending on the pessimism/optimism of the agent. The results show that pessimism favors the existence of deterministic bubbles, when optimism may promote the existence of stochastic bubbles. Moreover, under pessimism, the RDU assumption may generate multiple bubbly equilibria. The RDU assumption also leads to new conditions ensuring the (absence of) Pareto-optimality of the competitive equilibrium without bubbles. These conditions still govern the existence of bubbles.     

FAMA ON BUBBLES

While Eugene Fama has repeatedly expressed his discontent with the notion of an “irrational bubble,” he has never publicly expressed his opinion on “rational bubbles.” On empirical grounds Fama rejects bubbles by referring to the lack of reliable evidence that price declines are predictable. However, this argument cannot be used to rule out rational bubbles because such bubbles do not necessarily imply return predictability, and return predictability of the kind documented by Fama does not rule out rational bubbles. On data samples that include the 1990s, there is evidence of an explosive component in stock market valuation ratios, consistent with a rational bubble.     

Rational asset pricing bubbles and debt constraints

Rational price bubble arises when the price of an asset exceeds the asset’s fundamental value, that is, the present value of future dividend payments. The important result of Santos and Woodford (1997) says that price bubbles cannot exist in equilibrium in the standard dynamic asset pricing model with rational agents facing borrowing constraints as long as assets are in strictly positive supply and the present value of total future resources is finite. This paper explores the possibility of asset price bubbles under endogenous debt constraints induced by limited enforcement of debt repayment. Equilibria with endogenous debt constraints are prone to have infinite present value of total resources. We show that asset price bubbles are likely to exist in such equilibria. Further, we demonstrate that there always exist equilibria with price bubbles on assets in zero supply.     

资产泡沫与经济增长之间关系的实证研究

将资产泡沫分为生产性资产泡沫和非生产性资产泡沫,前者是促进经济增长的,而后者是抑制经济增长的。在现实中,生产性资产泡沫表现为股市泡沫,非生产性资产泡沫表现为房地产泡沫。分别以美国和日本为例进行了实证研究,并得到了支持其结论的结果。     

A re-examination of housing bubbles: Evidence from European countries

This study uses data from six Eurozone countries and the United Kingdom between 1980Q1 and 2018Q4 to examine whether these countries had housing bubbles during the observed period. Whereas typical studies make strictly limited assumptions regarding interest rates, we make an unconventional argument for the necessity of testing the integration relationship between the price–rent ratio and the interest rate reciprocal to determine the existence of housing bubbles. To verify this study’s proposition, two housing bubble indicators were adopted to dynamically examine periods of housing bubbles in European countries by using a series of individual countries and panel data from Eurozone countries. According to the empirical results for individual countries, although the price–rent ratio indicates the occurrence of housing booms in the targeted countries, the evidence for housing bubbles is unclear. The dynamic bubble indicator revealed that housing bubbles occurred in France and Ireland within a short period in 1993Q3 and 2000Q2, respectively. Spain experienced two short-term housing bubbles in 1990Q1 and 2015Q1. The short-term bubbles signify that the housing markets were efficient. Once the price–rent ratio failed to converge toward the nominal interest rate, market traders’ rational behavior can immediately correct the short-term market divergence. The panel data of the Eurozone countries also reveals that simply using the price–rent ratio for examination may underestimate the correction of the housing markets. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate the importance of the interest rate in controlling the housing market.     

Portfolio constraints,differences in beliefs and bubbles

I propose an arbitrage-based theory of bubbles in economies with general portfolio constraints and differences in beliefs. I find that, in general, bubbles cannot exist unless the constraints restrict the demand for credit sufficiently to induce low interest rates. Speculation due to heterogeneous beliefs does not cause bubbles. Ruling out bubbles under asymmetric information requires stronger assumptions: the presence of some uninformed agents and mild portfolio restrictions (debt or borrowing constraints), or alternatively, the existence of some impatient and fully informed agents.     

Systemic risk of Chinese financial institutions and asset price bubbles

Although there has not been a large-scale systemic crisis in China, high-risk financial events have occurred continuously in recent years. This research thus creatively analyzes the determinants of systemic risk for Chinese financial institutions from the view of asset price bubbles. First, we identify bubbles in the China stock and real estate markets on the basis of the generalized sup Augmented Dickey-Fuller (GSADF) model and explain the reasons for bubble formations according to the stage of China's economic development and policies implementation. At this stage, considering the differences in economic development levels of different cities, the real estate bubbles in the first, second and third tier cities and the whole country were innovatively identified. Second, on the basis of the DCG-GARCH-CoVaR model to measure the systemic risk of listed financial institutions in China and to classify institutions, the results show that the main source of such risk is the banking sector. Furthermore, by constructing regression models, stock market bubbles and real estate bubbles both positively correlate with systemic risk throughout the sample period. Meanwhile, the impact of bubbles on the systemic risk of different types of financial institutions was taken into account so that regulators prioritized different types of institutions with different characteristics when faced with decisions. Finally, we provide macro-prudential policy advice to regulators in order to weaken the impact of bubbles on financial stability to avoid systemic crises.     

A review of Phillips-type right-tailed unit root bubble detection tests

Recent developments on the right-tailed unit root tests of Phillips et al., which are used to date stamp the origination and collapse dates of asset price bubbles, have generated considerable interest. This paper provides a review for both empirical researchers that adopt these new econometric tools to detect the presence of asset price bubbles, and theoretical papers that extend these testing procedures. This paper also uses the psymonitor package in R to demonstrate the practical use of such tests using an example based on data for British Railway Mania of the 1840s.     

我国房地产泡沫形成机制实证研究——基于五级市场结构视角的分析

本文从土地市场、新房市场、旧房市场、租赁市场和金融市场等五个方面分析房地产泡沫形成机制，构建了五级市场结构的房地产泡沫分析框架，利用1998-2010年季度数据进行实证研究。研究结果表明，我国房地产泡沫兼有“成本推动型”、“投机推动型”和“信贷推动型”三重特征。因此，根治“土地财政依赖症”、打击投机炒房行为、完善住房金融市场将有助于抑制房价的过快上涨。