未来性战略导向影响人力资本及其投资的实证分析

未来性战略导向可以帮助企业在复杂多变的社会环境和市场环境赢得竞争优势。本文将人力资本投资分为两类:增值性和保值性投资,以四川、广东两省的企业为样本,探索了未来性战略导向、人力资本投资以及人力资本三者之间的关系,从而发现:(1)高未来性的企业,其在以招聘为主的保值性投资和以培训为主的增值性投资上的水平都较高,其数量型和能力型人力资本水平也都更高;(2)人力资本投资在未来性战略导向和企业人力资本之间起着部分中介作用。     

高新技术企业人力资本投资的博弈分析

本文运用博弈论的分析方法对人力资本投资进行了分析,得出结论——企业应选择人力资本投资,并且在投资后应采取激励措施,降低员工选择离职的概率,这样才能实现企业与员工双方效用的最大化。     

雇佣关系的稳定性和企业的人力资本投资

本文利用最近的调查数据研究了企业在劳动合同期限上的雇佣决策,以及雇佣关系稳定性和企业人力资本投资之间的联系。研究发现,企业的雇佣决策受员工个人特征和企业特征多方面因素影响,雇佣关系的稳定性显著地影响了企业的人力资本投资。企业竞争战略、雇佣战略和人力资本投资战略之间存在紧密的联系。研究结果意味着,在当前灵活的劳动力市场中,企业的人力资本投资会呈现不足态势。     

企业人力资本投资策略的描述性分析

人力资本在企业的经营管理活动中发挥着极为重要的作用.企业如何开展人力资本投资涉及人力投资策略的选择.文章系统地梳理了现有的企业人力资本投资的形式,将企业的人力资本投资分为"增值性"人力资本投资和"保值性"人力资本投资两大类.在此基础上,提出了四种不同的企业人力资本投资策略.     

企业人力资本投资形式差异的实证分析

企业人力资本投资包括培训、招聘、福利保障等多种形式,从投资的效果来看,可以将它们分为保值性和增值性人力资本投资两大类.在文献研究的基础上,本文通过开放式调查进一步探究了当前企业主要采用的人力资本投资形式以及差异.结果表明:一般而言,相对于保值性人力资本投资,企业更多地采用增值性人力资本投资形式;不同性质、不同行业的企业在人力资本投资的意识、偏好上存在差异,如外资企业、制造业和房地产建筑业等行业中的企业同时兼顾两种类型的投资,而其他企业则更偏重于增值性的投资形式;大多数企业主要采用的人力资本投资形式是培训和福利保障,投资形式比较单一.     

企业人力资本投资的案例分析——以A企业为例

人力资本投资关系到企业的长期发展,企业经营的成败在很大程度上取决于人力资本投资的有效性。文章基于企业视角,以企业人力资本投资活动作为研究对象,以A企业为例分析了该企业人力资本投资存在的问题,并依据相关理论提出了问题的解决方案。希望通过文章的研究能够为企业人力资本投资管理实践提供一些参考和借鉴。     

企业资本投入的绩效分析

经济社会的发展对企业投资活动提出了新的要求.如何促进人力资本与物质资本的优化组合,充分发挥人力资本在企业中的作用,已成为现代企业面临的新难题.文章将企业的投资活动分为人力资本和物质资本投资,建立企业的人力资本、物质资本投资的效用分析模型,实证分析各行业的人力资本、物质资本与绩效的关系,研究在不确定的环境下如何对企业的人力资本、物质资本投资进行相机选择,以提高企业绩效.     

企业家人力资本与企业经营

企业家才能是一种可以积累的人力资本,积累这种人力资本的投资是一种沉没成本并对企业家行为产生“锁定”效应,导致人力资本的“结构刚性”,这从能力维度制约着企业经营战略选择的方向性和“眼界”。我国企业“长不大”或“大而不强”等现象直接与此相关。尽管长期来看需要改变宏观社会经济环境,但目前由企业分担更多投资和增加该投资对企业的重要程度,会有利于企业家积累专用性人力资本。     

企业人力资本运营的理论探讨

企业在本质上是人力资本与物力资本的一个特殊合约 ,人力资本运营与物力资本运营是企业资本运营体中相互依存、不可或缺的两个系统 ,但人力资本运营又具有其特殊性。企业人力资本运营是为了实现企业资本价值增值而进行的创造、积累、使用并转让人力资本的投资和市场运作的。人力资本运营包括人力资本投资、人力资本管理、人力资本重组与整合以及人力资本扩张等四个主要环节。     

企业人力资本投资风险的探讨

人力资本是凝结在人体中能够使价值迅速增殖的知识、体力和技能的总和。人力资本投资可分为教育投资、培训投资、劳动力流动投资、卫生保健投资等形式，然而人们在认识人力资本投资投具有高收益性的同时，往往忽视了其高风险性。本文尝试从企业角度来探讨人力资本投资的意义、风险与规避企业人力资本投资风险的措施。     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988–2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988–1990 period and the 1991–2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Payment Systems in Countries in Transition

MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies -