美国商业银行专利战略对我国商业银行的启示

2002年曝光的花旗银行在华申请商业方法专利事件,敲响了国内银行对金融产品专利申请的警钟。面对外资银行进驻国内金融市场,提高我国商业银行的竞争力,实施适宜的专利战略,加强对金融商业方法专利的研究是十分必要的。本文在对美国及国内商业银行专利申请的现状进行分析对比的基础上,发现我国商业银行在金融专利的保护方面存在着不足之处。因此,针对有关情况提出了一些可供参考的建议。     

银行商业方法专和保护问题研究

花旗银行在我国申请19项金融产品专利引起了人们对金融商业方法专利的探讨.本文试从我国银行产业专利保护的现状分析出发,阐述了商业方法专利的基本概念和商业方法可专利性的法理基础,并对商业方法专利的创造性标准及标准化趋势进行了简要分析,提出了我国金融商业方法专利保护的一些启示.     

中国银行业商业方法专利保护现状及战略分析

金融业尤其是银行业的商业方法是商业思想、商业运行模式、计算机软硬件的集合体,文章探讨了金融创新环境下商业方法专利对我国银行业发展的重要意义,以翔实的数据分析了当前我国银行业商业方法专利保护工作的整体形势与主要问题,指出我国商业银行应从战略上加强商业方法专利乃至知识产权保护意识,完善战略制定、战略实施以及战略评估,并通过构建制度和加大技术创新扶持来改善外部环境。     

银行商业方法专利保护问题研究

花旗银行在我国申请19项金融产品专利引起了人们对金融商业方法专利的探讨。本文试从我国银行产业专利保护的现状分析出发,阐述了商业方法专利的基本概念和商业方法可专利性的法理基础,并对商业方法专利的创造性标准及标准化趋势进行了简要分析,提出了我国金融商业方法专利保护的一些启示。     

浅析我国金融机构自主创新中商业方法的专利保护

近年来,各国金融机构大力推广以信息和数据为内容的电子化工程,产生了一系列关系金融企业核心竞争力的产品、软件。这些产品和软件,与金融企业的业务和管理系统密切相关。根据金融机构的申请,已有不少国家对这些业务和管理系统采取了专利法律保护。而以花旗银行为代表,至少8家以上外资银行向我国知识产权局提出“商业方法类”专利申请。面对外资银行咄咄逼人的挑战,我们的银行到了必须把金融商业方法问题放到重要位置上来考虑的时候了。为此,笔者拟从金融商业方法专利化的起因着手,探究我国金融商业方法专利法律之保护。     

论金融创新的专利保护

商业方法专利是一种产生于金融创新的新兴专利,它对金融创新具有重大影响.在我国加入WTO以后,接受商业方法专利是中国金融领域对外开放与合作的发展趋势的必然结果.我们应当采取措施,提高我国金融业专利权取得和保护的水平.     

金融商业方法专利及其在互联网金融中的运用

互联网金融是互联网技术和金融业务融合的产物,互联网金融创新的成果如果符合专利授权的条件,大多会成为金融商业方法专利的保护对象,利用专利保护金融商业方法的创新成果是互联网金融企业必须掌握的竞争法宝。     

中国银行业商业方法创新的专利保护

从商业方法创新相关概念的辨析和商业方法专利在银行业中的发展出发，本文详尽检索了中国银行业商业方法专利，并在检索的专利数据基础上，深入研究和分析了中国银行业商业方法专利发展的态势。同时，入世之后，商业方法专利已经成为外资银行涌进并占有中国金融市场的利器之一，因此，研究结论认为，中国内资银行的专利保护意识有所提高，专利管理工作有所改善，但专利领域的竞争优势尚未建立，专利战略的实施还需时日。所以，要进一步提高商业方法专利的技术含量，加强核心技术领域的专利研发，加紧对发达国家银行业商业方法专利技术的关注。     

中国银行业商业方法创新的专利保护

从商业方法创新相关概念的辨析和商业方法专利在银行业中的发展出发,本文详尽检索了中国银行业商业方法专利,并在检索的专利数据基础上,深入研究和分析了中国银行业商业方法专利发展的态势.同时,入世之后,商业方法专利已经成为外资银行涌进并占有中国金融市场的利器之一,因此,研究结论认为,中国内资银行的专利保护意识有所提高,专利管理工作有所改善,但专利领域的竞争优势尚未建立,专利战略的实施还需时日.所以,要进一步提高商业方法专利的技术含量,加强核心技术领域的专利研发,加紧对发达国家银行业商业方法专利技术的关注.     

论金融机构商业方法专利的保护

金融创新时经济增长具有很强的促进作用,而商业方法专利可以有效地激励金融机构进行金融创新,同时也能很好地保护已有的专利成果.但是目前我国商业银行金融创新动力不足,创新能力不强,行业内普遍存在"搭便车"的现象.要改变这一状况就必须从立法层面加强对商业方法专利的保护,并从政策上加强对商业方法保护的引导和支持.本文从金融创新推动经济增长的角度阐述商业方法专利的重要性,并且提出商业方法专利确立的对策.     

论美国影子银行体系的发展、运作、影响及监管

第二次世界大战结束特别是20世纪70年代以来,由货币政策目标与金融监管框架之间的不一致性所引发的金融创新以及机构投资者对安全性资产的超额需求共同推动了影子银行体系在美国迅速发展。美国的影子银行体系主要由政府支持的影子银行体系、"内部"影子银行体系以及"外部"影子银行体系组成,但其各自的信贷中介程序和复杂程度不尽相同。影子银行体系的迅速发展对美国以及全球金融体系都产生了重要而复杂的影响。尽管《多德—弗兰克法》为美国乃至全球金融监管改革指明了方向,但旨在有效规范影子银行体系发展的金融监管体制改革之路依然漫长。     

The reaction of the U.S. and the European Monetary Union to recent global financial crises

This paper analyzes the responses of the United States and the economies of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) to the financial and economic crisis of 2008–2009. The crisis illuminates the fundamental structural problems within the EMU, the European Union and the United States and the scale and scope of interconnections among the world economy. The paper focuses on the reactions of the real sector to the financial disturbances in these economies. Both comparative static and dynamic methodologies are used in order to appraise the scope and pace of adjustments in response to the global crisis.     

美国保险市场对外开放的发展及对中国的启示

美国是发达国家中完全开放保险市场的代表。作为世界上最大的保险市场,无论从市场化程度或本国保险业发育程度看,美国无疑是市场开放度最高的国家。本文通过对美国保险市场对外开放发展的考察,尤其是金融危机后美国保险市场对外开放现状的分析,总结其发展的规律和特点,并结合中国的实际情况,对保险市场对外开放进程进行了研究,得出对中国的...     

The macroeconomic relevance of bank and nonbank credit: An exploration of U.S. data

This paper exploits the Financial Accounts of the United States to derive long time series of bank and nonbank credit to different sectors, and to examine the cyclical behavior of these series in relation to (i) the long-term business cycle, (ii) recessions and recoveries, and (iii) systemic financial crises. We find that bank and nonbank credit exhibit different dynamics throughout the business cycle. We also examine the role of bank and nonbank credit in the creation of financial interconnections and illustrate a method to conduct macro-financial stability assessments.     

Book review of Fault Lines by Raghuram G. Rajan

Most people believe that the recent financial crisis had its roots in a boom in housing lending in the United States. After the dot-com bubble, the argument goes, the Federal Reserve Bank lowered the interest rates to stimulate corporate investment and recover from the downturn. As a side effect of low interest rates, mortgages became cheaper and Americans became attracted to the housing market. Credit for housing was provided by the sophisticated financial system of the United States, which allowed investors to purchase packages of mortgages from diversified geographical locations, and from individuals with different probabilities of default, according to their desired level of risk. As it turned out, these products caught the attention of investors from all over the world, who were attracted by their profitable returns and the implicit guarantees provided by the U.S. government to the issuing agencies and financial intermediaries. Therefore, housing credit was plentiful and, as a consequence, house prices in the United States rose. This in turn allowed mortgage borrowers to refinance their debts and avoid default. The party came to an end when interest rates increased and house prices fell, triggering a series of defaults in mortgages and driving values of the financial products near to zero, resulting in consequences with which we all are too familiar.     

The U.S. small business bankruptcy amendments: A global model for reform?

On February 19, 2020, the Small Business Reorganization Act of 2019 went into effect in the United States. This statute was intended to make the rescue regime of Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code more effective for smaller businesses that would not otherwise have the financial wherewithal to complete a traditional Chapter 11 reorganization. This article describes the central innovations of the new statute, and considers whether they might be adaptable by other countries.     

International Business Cycle and Financial Intermediation

The paper extends a standard two‐country international real business cycle model to include financial intermediation by banks of loans and government bonds. The paper contributes an explanation for both the United States relative to the Euro‐area, and the United States relative to China, of cross‐country correlations of loan rates, deposit rates, and the loan premia. It shows a type of financial retrenchment for the United States relative to both Europe and China following a negative bank productivity shock, such as during the 2008 crisis. After 2008, results suggest that the Euro‐area has been more financially integrated with the United States, and China less financially integrated.     

国际金融视角下美国两次金融危机的比较及对中国的启示

随着金融危机的不断深化,国际金融形势的变化越来越引人注目,金融危机背景下的中国经济也面临着巨大考验。本文从虚拟经济与实体经济的关系、国际短期资本流动、国际间政策协调三个方面对美国历史上两次世界性金融危机的情况进行比较分析,得出相应结论及对我国的启示。     

Financial Regulation: A Perspective from the United Kingdom

Many of the papers at this conference focus on regulation and its impact on the structure of the financial system. The objective of this paper is to offer a discussion of some of these, and related, issues from the perspective of the United Kingdom, where the structure and content of regulation is in many important respects in stark contrast to that of the United States. A British perspective on financial regulation might be particularly interesting, given the historical differences in the regulatory regimes in the United Kingdom and the United States as well as the changes occurring in the structure and approach to regulation in the United Kingdom.     

国外金融消费权益保护改革进展及启示

加强金融消费权益保护成为危机后国际金融监管改革的重要共识。文章分别以美国、欧盟、英国和日本为代表介绍了国外金融消费权益保护改革取得的进展,在借鉴国外金融消费权益保护改革举措和发展方向的基础上,就完善我国金融消费权益保护工作提出相关建议。