中国的经常账户顺差:失衡还是理性基于跨期消费倾斜视角的实证研究北大核心SSCI

本文基于经常账户跨期分析法,考虑消费倾斜因素,对我国的经常账户动态路径进行分析。实证结果表明我国的经常账户余额可以分为消费倾斜部分和消费平滑部分;相对于国际资本市场跨期价格,我国居民更加偏好未来消费;消费平滑部分则准确反映了改革开放以来的经济发展特征。我国的经常账户持续顺差很大程度上是居民基于对未来消费的偏好和对净收入变动的预期而选取最优消费路径的理性结果,并非长期失衡的表征。相应地,宏观经济政策重心应从外部均衡转向鼓励居民消费、优化收入分配,以实现居民福利的改善。与此同时,经常账户顺差扩大的趋势也将得以缓解。     

中国的经常账户顺差:失衡还是理性——基于跨期消费倾斜视角的实证研究

本文基于经常账户跨期分析法,考虑消费倾斜因素,对我国的经常账户动态路径进行分析.实证结果表明我国的经常账户余额可以分为消费倾斜部分和消费平滑部分;相对于国际资本市场跨期价格,我国居民更加偏好未来消费;消费平滑部分则准确反映了改革开放以来的经济发展特征.我国的经常账户持续顺差很大程度上是居民基于对未来消费的偏好和对净收入变动的预期而选取最优消费路径的理性结果,并非长期失衡的表征.相应地,宏观经济政策重心应从外部均衡转向鼓励居民消费、优化收入分配,以实现居民福利的改善.与此同时,经常账户顺差扩大的趋势也将得以缓解.     

消费倾斜动机与中国经常项目的实证研究

近年来我国经常项目失衡的问题不仅是我国学者关注的重点,也是全球关注的焦点。本文基于倾斜消费视角的跨期最优消费模型通过理论,推导得出最优的消费,并将得到的最优消费分解成为受收入变量影响的平滑性消费和受倾斜性因素影响的倾斜性消费,并相应地将实际经常项目也分解成平滑性经常项目和倾斜性经常项目,再实证分析分析消费倾斜动机对中国经常项目的影响。实证检验得出消费倾斜系数为1.1882大于1,这说明中国居民的倾斜消费动机偏好未来消费,同时也得出中国居民倾斜消费动机偏好未来消费使得倾斜性经常项目顺差,对中国实际经常项目造成了顺差压力。基于这点本文提出相应的政策建议。     

全球经常账户均衡决定、可持续性与失衡调整——文献评述与展望

全球外部经济失衡呈现越来越严重的态势,关于全球经常账户均衡决定、可持续性与失衡调整的研究成果也有了快速发展。传统的局部均衡分析方法主要集中在收入、相对价格、支出、结构等方面,而跨期方法与叠代模型的引入使研究有了更合理的分析框架。对经常账户均衡决定因素的挖掘深入到了财政收支、储蓄和投资、生产率冲击、实际汇率、金融制度发展、经济增长与收入变动、人口结构变迁以及由此组成的综合因素。但外部失衡的理论框架解释现实的能力仍不够强,政治思维的进入将使问题复杂化。失衡调整偏重经常账户逆差调整也不适应当前的情况。未来研究中,放松一个小国开放经济的假设,更多地引入不确定性,以及经常账户逆转的临界点、预警指标及逆转的冲击效应将会被高度重视。     

跨境资本流动、通货膨胀与实际汇率的关系研究——基于面板平滑转换回归模型PSTR

首次采用面板平滑转换回归模型,并在非线性的框架下对全球41个国家(地区)1991—2015年的均衡实际汇率变动展开深入分析。在此过程中,我们重点考察了资本账户开放情况下,随着通胀风险加剧,三种跨境资本流动对均衡实际汇率变动的影响效应。研究发现,通胀风险增大会恶化出口增长,使得经常账户的贸易净流入对均衡实际汇率的正效应逐渐减弱;同时也抑制了资本账户的净外商直接投资、外商证券投资等对均衡实际汇率的正效应。此外,研究发现,净外商直接投资和贸易净流入是影响均衡实际汇率的两大重要因素,说明央行在调控货币汇率时要密切注意跨境资本流动的影响。最后,我们提出了现阶段开放我国资本账户与管控通胀风险的若干建议。     

人民币均衡实际汇率简约单方程模型实证分析

汇率作为开放经济的中心变量,其频繁的波动使各国对汇率及汇率制度安排重新进行了审视。在人民币持续升值压力的背景下,我国完成了由单一盯住美元向参照一篮子货币调节的汇率制度转变。但改革后人民币实际汇率的变动趋势如何?通过对影响均衡实际汇率的基本经济要素进行实证检验,分析了未来我国均衡实际汇率的变动方向,采用滤波方法估计了未来均衡实际汇率变动的基本方程。同时,为反映基本经济要素对均衡实际汇率的经济解释力,还运用脉冲反应函数进行实证检验。     

汇率变动对政府杠杆率影响的机理与效应——来自全球158个经济体的证据北大核心

本文基于跨期账户分析方法,构建一个包含家庭和财政部门的小国开放经济模型,通过居民融资约束建立汇率变动与政府杠杆率之间的联系,揭示了汇率变动通过经常账户渠道影响政府杠杆率的传导机制,并使用全球158个经济体的宏观数据对国家和地区广义政府杠杆率进行实证检验。结果显示,汇率变动对政府杠杆率存在显著影响,该效应在不同类型经济体之间保持稳健。进一步分析表明,该效应存在异质性,且政府杠杆率的变动程度受到融资约束与金融发展水平的影响。在机制检验中,本文验证了经常账户是汇率变动影响政府杠杆率水平的一个重要中介渠道。本文从理论和实证两个方面证明了汇率变动对政府债务决策的重要影响,为政府部门“去杠杆”提供有益参考。     

贸易条件与经常项目的动态变化关系——基于新开放经济宏观经济学框架的理论和“金砖五国”的实证研究北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文理论分析认为,依赖于出口品和进口品的替代弹性,贸易条件和经常项目既可能正相关,也可能负相关。货币冲击、生产率冲击对贸易条件和经常项目的动态影响受跨期替代弹性和期内替代弹性等因素的影响。实证结果显示,长期内哈伯格-劳尔森-梅茨勒效应(Harberger-Laursen-Metzler effects,HLM effects)在巴西、中国、俄罗斯和南非是存在的,而在印度是不存在的。通过对金砖5国的实证结果显示,在货币冲击下,金砖国家不存在HLM效应;在生产率冲击下,除了印度,HLM效应是存在的。永久冲击(生产率冲击)对贸易条件有较大的影响,但是对经常项目有较小的影响;暂时性冲击(货币冲击)对经常项目有较大的影响,对贸易条件的影响相对较小。     

中国经常项目变动的财政解释:基于半参数变系数模型

近20多年来,中国经常账户的变动可能与政府的财政政策有关。采用函数化系数半参数估计方法,实证检验了中国的财政支出、财政收入以及财政余额对中国经常项目的时变性影响。实证结果表明:(1)中国财政的"生产型财政"特征是导致中国经常项目顺差的重要因素。(2)中国的财政账户与经常账户存在非线性关系,有的时段支持"双赤字假说",有的时段支持"双重分叉假说"。(3)实际汇率在2005年之后对经常账户的影响作用逐步走强。中国经常账户的良性运转,今后应该作为国家宏观管理的目标之一。而中国实现经常账户的良性运转的根本途径是建立公共财政和实现人民币汇率的平稳运行。     

基于中美经济视角的人民币实际汇率波动影响因素的实证研究

论文采用主成分法,将对实际汇率具有影响的中国实际经济变量7个、美国实际经济变量5个分别进行浓缩,从中分别提取3个和2个主成分,作为解释变量,建立误差修正模型（VEC）用以测量影响人民币实际汇率波动的因素,并用长期均衡关系进行估计,建立关于实际汇率的带趋势项的一阶向量自回归模型AR（1）,实证结果表明,我国价格因素F2、经济因素F3是影响人民币实际汇率的长期变量,美国经济因素F1F、美国价格因素F2F和我国经济因素F1为短期变量,且人民币实际汇率存在特续贬值的长期趋势,但随着2010年6月人民币汇改的重启以及美国国内经济和货币政策的调整,在近期内,人民币实际汇率贬值趋势有所降低,甚至出现升值,这与我国汇率改革的步伐相符.     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

Aims and Scope

<正>The focus of the China Journal of Accounting Research is to publish theoretical and empirical research papers that use contemporary research methodologies to...     

Income smoothing and the cost of debt

The literature on income smoothing focuses on the effect of earnings smoothing on the equity market.This paper investigates the effect of income smoothing on th...     

The case for management history

This article defines the case for treating management history as a discrete subject area, although one closely related to business, accounting, labour, and industrial history. It seeks to concentrate on the nature, process, and practice of management as an activity within the organization, and to argue that it is important that modern British managers understand the intellectual and cultural roots of their profession, since without these they will tend to be swayed by short-term management 'fads'. Within the broad topic there are several identifiable sub-areas for potential exploration, including the comparative historical development of management between different countries, management institutions, managerial careers and labour markets, management structures, management skills, and management thought and theory.     

The life and career of John Spence Ogilvy (1805-71), the first chartered accountant to emigrate to Australia

So far as the available evidence allows, this paper examines the life and career of John Spence Ogilvy, foundation member of the Society of Accountants in Edinburgh in 1854, who emigrated to Melbourne in 1856, but did not play a part in the development of an organized accounting profession in Australia. The paper also attempts to explain the gap of thirty-two years between the formation of the first accounting bodies in Edinburgh and Melbourne.     

Female CFOs and loan contracting: Financial conservatism or gender discrimination? – An empirical test based on collateral clauses

Based on signaling and gender discrimination theory, we examine whether chief financial officer(CFO) gender matters to bank–firm relationships and the designing...     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

<正>The China Journal of Accounting Research‘‘CJAR’’(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditin...