Intellectual property rights protection and recorded music sales��focus on 26 OECD countries panel data

This thesis mainly studies the relationship between intellectual property rights protection and recorded music sales by use of 26 OECD countries panel data from 2000 to 2007. Following Png and Wang (2006), the production equation of recorded music is developed. Meanwhile, the author introduces other independent variables such as per capita GDP, employment rate and R&D, population and economic openness. The econometric methods consist of two way fixed effects method, Arellano-Bond dynamic panel-data estimation and dynamic panel-data estimation, one-step difference GMM (generalized method of moments) by use of Stata 10.0. The findings are as followings: Intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection exerts positive effect on recorded music sales, and the influencing coefficient is at the range of 0.815 to 0.915. Meanwhile, economic openness also has positive influence. The studying results suggest that IPRs protection can reinforce the sale of recorded music, and it is very urgent to enhance IPRs protection.     

Family Business Succession in Hong Kong: The Case of Yung Kee

This case study examines the succession of Chinese family business in Hong Kong, drawing upon theories of the firm. More specifically, it utilizes capabilities theories, property rights economics and Neo-Confucianism to understand management disputes and infighting among the members in a Chinese family business in Hong Kong. This paper will argue that the founder of a Chinese business firm in Hong Kong is able to lead his or her offspring to create a dynamic enterprise via charismatic leadership and family rules embedded in traditional Chinese values. However, these two strategic assets disappear following the passing away of the founder as well as the emergence of new social values. When the founder passes on the enterprise to his or her offspring using more or less the equal inheritance system, the traditional Chinese value is unable to enforce the leader’s will to consolidate the strengths of the second generation family members to maintain the founder’s business. Furthermore, when the business is owned by all family members, property rights of the firm become unclear. Without effective enforcement of traditional Chinese values and with collective ownership rights, some family members will have the incentive to capture the economic rent that is shared by all members. In other words, some family members behave opportunistically or even cheat in order to capture economic gains in the public domain. High monitoring and enforcement costs in the form of court battle and endless disputes will occur. Rent dissipation occurs in the form of deterioration of the quality of the family business. This case study is based on Yung Kee, an internationally well-known roast goose restaurant in Hong Kong as an illustration.     

中国跨国公司的市场产权问题研究

市场产权理论是继产权理论之后,近几年来一些学者提出的重要理论,受到国内外学者的普遍关注。但市场产权在其内容、主体及来源上均有商榷之处。因为市场主体不只是国家,还可以是企业,特别还可以是跨国公司。因此,跨国公司要扩张和发展,获取市场产权更有重要意义。根据国际经验,中国跨国公司可以通过投资结构的改变、技术控制、品牌控制及跨国并购来获取市场产权。但根据中国的实际情况,还应采取综合运用各种途径、培植知识产权扩张实力、利用两个市场并打好本土化的基础以及深化市场产权的体制改革等对策来获取市场产权,从而促进中国跨国公司的扩张。     

陕西高校知识产权人才培养模式研究

造就高素质知识产权人才队伍是国家知识产权战略的重要内容,而知识产权专业人才的匮乏已经成为制约我国科技创新能力提高的关键因素之一。作为人才培养基地,高校是国家知识产权战略的重要参与者与实践者,但我国高校在知识产权人才培养方面还存在着不足之处。本文结合陕西省的实际情况,就目前陕西高校知识产权人才培养的现状及存在的问题进行了分析,并对构建陕西高校知识产权人才培养模式提出具体建议。     

财产税效率的作用机制考察

仅仅依靠公众从辖区中退出提升财产税效率只有理论上的意义。呼吁是另一种提升效率的手段,它的作用机制需要两个条件:退出的可置信威胁,以及对组织管理者漠视呼吁的行为有一定政治成本。在退出之路可行性不大时,降低呼吁成本,使得下情上达的成本减小,同时增加地方政府官员漠视呼吁的政治成本,把处理公众呼吁的行为方式同地方政府官员的政治前途结合起来,这样才能够使财产税得到现实效率。     

关于我国构建知识产权文化之探讨

我国知识产权战略的建设实施需要构建知识产权文化。知识产权文化本质就是一种创造文化,一种发展文化,一种和谐文化。当前我国知识产权领域存在诸如发展不平衡,知识产权纠纷较多,公众知识产权意识不强,市场主体运用知识产权制度的能力不足,水平不高等不和谐之处。我国要大力加强知识产权文化建设,鼓励创造,提高知识产权创造、管理、运用和保护能力,推动知识产权事业又好又快发展。     

土地职能和土地产权制度选择——中国土地产权私有化有效性质疑

本文明确反对土地私有化政策,并在重新界定土地职能的基础上,证明了土地私有化在带来生产增益和经济绩效改善的同时,必将对中国产生重大的不利影响。在中国的基本国情和当前生产力发展水平下,土地私有化将使中国爆发"马尔萨斯危机"的可能性处于不可控制的境地。另外,作为基础性制度安排的现有土地产权制度是中国特色经济发展模式的重要特征,是缓解经济危机失业压力的重要缓冲器。     

实际控制人控股多家上市公司与超额在职消费

文章基于委托代理理论,从实际控制人监督职能角度,研究实际控制人同时控股多家上市公司,对管理者超额在职消费的影响。研究发现,当上市公司所属实际控制人同时控股多家上市公司时,其超额在职消费水平显著高于其它上市公司。进一步研究表明,产权性质和外部治理环境能够对二者关系产生显著影响：民营企业和分析师关注度较高企业,控股多家上市公司对其超额在职消费不存在显著影响;媒体监督较高企业和十八大之后,控股多家上市公司对其超额在职消费的促进作用受到显著抑制。文章研究不仅丰富了实际控制人监督和超额在职消费领域的相关文献,同时对实际控制人如何有效治理公司具有重要的实践意义。     

The law and ethics of big data analytics: A new role for international human rights in the search for global standards

The Economist recently declared that digital information has overtaken oil as the world’s most valuable commodity. Big data technology is inherently global and borderless, yet little international consensus exists over what standards should govern its use. One source of global standards benefitting from considerable international consensus might be used to fill the gap: international human rights law. This article considers the extent to which international human rights law operates as a legal or ethical constraint on global commercial use of big data technologies. By providing clear baseline standards that apply worldwide, human rights can help shape cultural norms—implemented as ethical practices and global policies and procedures—about what businesses should do with their information technologies. In this way, human rights could play a broad and important role in shaping business thinking about the proper handling of this increasingly valuable commodity in the modern global society.     

银行持股真的可以促进企业创新吗?——基于产权性质与R&D投资异质性视角的检验

银行作为股东和债权人的特殊双重身份影响企业的投资决策。以深圳证券交易所中小企业板的高新技术企业为样本,从产权性质和R&D投资异质性视角研究银行持股对创新的影响。研究发现：（1）银行持股可以促进企业创新投入;（2）银行持股可以促进民营企业创新,但对于国有企业的促进作用并不显著;（3）银行持股可以促进企业进行探索式创新,但对于开发式创新的促进作用并不显著。