思茅市茶产业发展的科技支撑体系建设研究

思茅市政府非常重视科技对茶叶产业发展的支撑作用,已取得了一定的成效。但由于基础条件落后,财力有限,实际支持力度不够,效果不佳。具体来看,在茶叶种植和加工生产这两个环节,科技的支撑作用比较显著,而在科技体系建设和技术标准构建上明显滞后,而且科技的转化机制不畅,严重影响了科技支撑作用的发挥。因此,在科技基础平台建设上要加大投入,同时还要借鉴域外经验,完善技术推广体系。     

Privatisation,empowerment and accountability: What are the policy implications for establishing effective farmer organisations?

Weak institutional development and information flows have constrained the extent to which the smallholder farming sector in developing countries can significantly drive growth and poverty reduction. This is despite widely implemented economic liberalisation policies focussing on market efficiency. Farmer organisations are viewed as a potential means of addressing public and private institutional failure but this has frequently been limited by inequalities in access to power and information. This article investigates two issues that have received little research attention to date: what role downward accountability plays in enabling farmer organisations to improve services and markets, and what influences the extent to which downward accountability is achieved. Kenya Tea Development Agency (KTDA), one of the largest farmer organisations in the world (>400,000 farmers) is examined alongside wider literature. Mixed methods were used including key informant interviews, and eight months of participant observation followed by a questionnaire survey. The article concludes that without effective downward accountability farmer organisations can become characterised by institutions and mechanisms that favour elites, restricted weak coordination and regulation, and manipulated information flows. This in turn reduces individuals’ incentives to invest. If farmer organisations are to realise their potential as a means of enabling the smallholder sector to significantly contribute to economic growth and poverty reduction, policy and research needs to address key factors which influence accountability including: how to ensure initial processes in formation of farmer organisations establish appropriate structures and rules; strong state regulation to enhance corporate accountability; transparent information provision regarding actions of farmer organisation leaders; and the role independent non-government organisations can play. Consequently attention needs to focus on developing means of legitimising rights, building poor people's capacity to challenge exclusion, and moving from rights to obligations regarding information provision.     

基于BP神经网络的茶叶物流金融模式仿真优化

针对茶叶物流金融运作模式选择中的复杂性以及传统优化方法的局限性,将BP神经网络理论和仿真方法引入茶叶物流金融模式优化,考虑样本数量不足的实际问题,采用B样条函数插值方法扩充数据量,构建BP神经网络模型并加以训练。结果表明:BP神经网络具有精度较高的智能学习能力,适合于茶叶物流金融模式选择优化。     

安化黑茶营销策略研究

随着经济的发展和社会的进步,人民生活水平日益提高,黑茶得到了越来越多人的认识、了解和喜爱,黑茶产业迎来了新的发展契机。安化黑茶近年来发展态势良好,市场前景广阔,但同时也存在一些问题,特别是营销瓶颈。本文分析了安化黑茶产业营销问题的四个方面,并针对性的从品牌、产品、渠道、价格、宣传等方面提出了可行性策略,供当地政府和产业协会参考。     

生态审美视野下中国古典诗歌中的茶

自然原生的茶以其平凡却不失高雅的方式,渗透到生活的各个领域和社会各个阶层中,由最初的解渴药用功能发展为能从中得到启发、感悟并萌生出精神内涵的独具审美意味的饮品,逐渐成为古代文人们关注的对象。饮茶成为他们感受生命愉悦的一种方式,他们以茶为媒,激发诗兴,享受闲适的生活乐趣,抒写自己的生命情感,表达自己的人生态度。从生态美学的视角对古典诗歌中的茶意象进行解读,借此观照其＂自然＂存在的生命哲学和人格魅力,以期为深处生态危机和生存困境中的现代人提供一种理想的生存方式。     

Tea heritage tourism: evidence from Sri Lanka

Within the context of heritage tourism this article examines the supply components for the tea-related tourism in the tea-producing country of Sri Lanka, formerly Ceylon. The tourism context in Sri Lanka is assessed and despite impediments to tourism development some evidence is provided of an early stage of development of tea heritage tourism in the country. The benefits of this form of tourism to the Sri Lankan tea economy are explored and barriers and threats to its development are reviewed. This is mainly based on qualitative field studies of tea accommodations, tea factory access and tea centre operations in the tea-producing hill country of Sri Lanka. From this investigation of the tea-related tourism in Sri Lanka, themes for further research on the demand for this type of tourism are identified.     

茶农生产性投资的技术效率及其影响因素实证分析——以福建安溪为例

以福建省安溪县茶农问卷调查数据为基础,利用随机前沿生产函数模型估计样本茶农投资的技术效率,并分析技术效率的变化规律及其影响因素。研究表明,茶农从事茶叶生产加工的时间、茶农从事茶叶生产加工的时间的平方项、茶农户主的受教育年限这3个解释变量对于技术效率的影响不显著;而茶农户主年龄、茶农主栽品种、是否接受过培训、茶农茶叶收入占家庭总收入的比例、茶农家庭拥有的茶园面积、村庄所在地类型虚变量与技术效率呈现正相关的关系;茶农家庭拥有的茶园面积的平方项、地区差异则对技术效率产生负向影响。     

湖南黑茶品牌建设研究

黑茶是我国传统的六大茶类之一,湖南黑茶生产历史悠久,是传统边销茶的主要产品。近年来发展形势喜人,发展潜力巨大。本文以对湖南的黑茶产业发展和黑茶品牌的现状分析为依据,对湖南黑茶品牌建设进行探讨。     

Why Developing Countries Have Failed to Increase Their Exports of Agricultural Processed Products

The article uses the case study of coffee, tea and cocoa to analyse whether tariff escalation constitutes a barrier to market access that thwarts diversification efforts of developing countries into exports of value‐added agricultural processed products. It also examines the extent to which non‐tariff barriers act as market access barriers that constrain developing countries from developing their exports of agricultural processed products. Our analysis shows that tariff escalation is not the main barrier; rather it is the prevalence of non‐tariff barriers (including domestic non‐tariff barriers) that limits the ability of developing countries to increase their agricultural processed exports. This has important policy implications in terms of the emphasis that trade negotiators and policy planners should place on addressing non‐tariff barriers.     

吉安市茶叶产业发展研究

吉安市是江西省茶叶主产区,该文分析了吉安市茶叶产业的优势条件,提出茶产业发展的思路定位和未来15年的发展目标和布局:即打造优质品牌、抓好基地建设、扶持龙头企业、发展茶文化旅游。并提出了产业发展的保障措施,即加大科技投入,走产业化、标准化、绿色生产发展道路。