费用--效益分析在公共物流项目评估上的应用

结合苏州物流中心开发建设实践，笔者将费用-效益在公共物流领域做了一次应用尝试。     

陕北地区环境治理成本效益空间异置问题及其补偿机制研究

本文首先介绍了环境治理成本效益空间异置问题的概念及其相关理论。进而分析了陕北地区环境治理成本效益空间异置问题产生的背景及其具体表现，提出加快建立相应的补偿机制。最后，运用以上理论分析了退耕还林这一公共政策在成本效益空间异置与补偿机制方面存在的问题。     

声誉激励：公务员激励机制的新思维

有效的激励与约束机制能够解决公务员的败德行为,声誉激励是其中一个有效的制度安排.在国内外学者研究的基础上,建立一个简单的博弈模型,研究发现公务员声誉激励机制必须满足具有长远预期、完备的信息传播渠道等四个条件,同时根据现阶段我国公务员声誉激励失效的原因,有针对性地提出了完善公务员职务晋升制度、充分发挥公务员声誉激励等政策建议.     

政府资产会计的政策选择——以美国联邦政府为例

本文在准确理解和把握政府运营环境与企业运营环境本质差异及其对政府会计活动影响的基础上,以美国联邦政府为例,对政府资产会计的主要政策选择问题及五大主要关系维度展开了分析。     

费用效益分析法在火电厂脱硫工程经济评价中的应用

火电厂脱硫项目的投资一般以财务评价为主,以谋取利润最大化为目标,而忽略了二氧化硫排放所造成的社会环境效益的损害;介绍的费用效益分析法是一种动态经济评价方法,其评价结果能直观地反映企业环境治理投资的经济效果和社会效益;举例说明其计算方法和评价效果,提出了相关的可行性建议.     

A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Thailand Taxpayer Survey

We investigate whether more resources should be devoted to a Thai tax enforcement program which is aimed at bringing small businesses into the tax system. We show that the appropriate criteria for determining whether more resources should be devoted to tax enforcement is whether the Atkinson–Stern condition for the optimal provision of a publicly-provided good is satisfied, or equivalently, whether the marginal cost of finds obtained through additional tax enforcement, SMCF_p, is less than the marginal cost of funds obtained through raising tax rates, SMCF_t. In our base case scenario, the SMCF_p is 11.60 which exceeds our estimate of the SMCF_t for an across-the-board increase in income tax rates on wage earners. The use of pro-poor distributional weights makes expanding the survey less attractive if the alternative way of obtaining additional tax revenue is an across-the-board income tax rate increase, while aversion to tax evasion makes it more attractive.     

CPA审计的独立性研究:威胁、防护及成效分析

独立性是社会审计的精髓,是CPA履行社会责任的根本保证。论文以CPA审计为视角,分析了影响CPA审计独立性的诸多因素,阐述了缺乏独立性对社会的威胁,探索了防护独立性的相关措施,其中对扩大会计师事务所规模的成本效益关系进行了较深地、有创意地数理推论,从而逻辑性地得出通过扩大事务所规模以提高审计独立性的必然结论。     

作业成本法在制造业中的应用探讨

文章提出了在现有成本核算方式不变的情况下,结合运用作业成本法的理念,引入不同成本动因,采用不同的分摊方式,计算出产品的实际成本,从而计算出企业同时生产不同产品的实际盈亏状况的机械制造企业作业成本计算公式。     

Pairwise comparison of concessions in negotiation processes

Starting off with a pairwise-comparison method to evaluate the possible deals between two parties in conflict, we generalize the approach and we consider the case of three parties in conflict. The basic step is the subjective evaluation of a deal where each party offers exactly one concession. The trade-off of benefits and costs is judged in verbal terms which are subsequently converted into numerical values on a discrete geometric scale. Although the number of plausible geometric scales is large, the information to be used by a mediator is scale-independent. The approach is illustrated by the results of an exploratory project aiming at a balanced CO₂ emission reduction in Poland, Brazil, and the netherlands. The success of the method depends largely on the information-processing support. Given the limitations of human imagination and human judgement, the method is not likely to be effective in a conflict among four or more parties, although it can easily be generalized.Paper presented at the IFAC Workshop on Support Systems for Decision and Negotiation Processes, Warsaw, Poland, June 24–26, 1992.     

北京市工业园区地价形成机理分析

以北京市工业园区工业地价为例,通过建立博弈模型和成本——效益分析法阐述工业地价的形成过程和机理,并找出目前工业地价管理中存在的问题及影响因素。从各工业园区政府的博弈关系和成本——效益的角度看北京市工业园区工业地价的影响因素主要是园区区位、工业园区产业性质和产业集聚度、协议出让土地所占比重、各工业园区的政策。另外,博弈在普通工业园区工业地价的形成中起主要作用,而国家级经济技术开发区工业地价主要是根据工业用地的成本效益确定,完善现行工业用地政策体系应当从多种途径着手。