零售企业在跨国经营活动中应注意的问题

本文认为,目前越来越多的零售企业走向国际化,进行跨国经营。跨国经营不存在一个普遍适用的模式,一切都要在实践中摸索。零售企业在跨国经营活动中要注意选择恰当的进入时机,确定本土化的经营模式,制定清晰的跨国经营战略,了解进入地区与母国在地理和文化上的差异,正确选择业态和营销渠道,重视东道国消费者的消费习惯和偏好,认识企业公共关系对跨国经营的作用,依靠服务提升竞争力,注意跨文化管理。文章指出,在赢利模式上,跨国零售企业应通过商品进销差价和降低供应链管理成本赢得利润;而在经营模式上,则强调系统性和集权性,以先进的信息系统和高效的物流配送系统为强有力的支撑,这是21世纪零售业的发展方向和跨国零售企业的核心竞争力。     

特大城市郊区农场属地化与行政区划调整研究--以上海为例

随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立与不断完善,计划经济体制下形成的典型单位———国有农场所固有的政企合一、企业办社会的单位管理体制,已经严重制约了农场企业本身的发展,同时也严重影响到农场所属地区社会经济的总体发展水平的提高,农场实行属地化管理已是大势所趋。文章由揭示农场单位制日益显性化、深层次的矛盾入手,归纳总结了我国各地农场属地化的经验模式,并以上海市郊部分农场为例,在上海市郊农场政企分设、实行属地化管理的实践经验的基础上,从行政区划调整入手,对新世纪我国特大城市郊区农场属地化实践进行了深入的理论探讨。     

Understanding Café Culture: Toward a Dynamic and Holistic Research Framework

Based on a critical interpretive literature review, this article introduces a holistic and dynamic research framework for café culture analysis. Drawing on the constructivist view of culture and glocalization theories, we proposed a framework that highlights the impact of different cultural resources (i.e., values, norms, schemas, artifacts, and practices) on café culture development and the role of three dyads (brand-consumer, global-local, and historical-present) in the formation process. The framework underscores the dynamic and holistic nature of consumer culture research and emphasizes the cultural practices of different entities that collectively transfer the symbolic meanings embedded in the global cultural artifacts to the localized cultural reproductions. We hope to extend the discussions of café culture and, more generally, global products to a broader context.     

The Implementation of Saudization in the Hotel Industry

Saudi Arabia's localization policy, “Saudization,” aims to decrease reliance on expatriate workers, but it has been more successful in the public sector than in the private sector. This study explores the issues involved in effectively implementing the policy in the hotel industry in Saudi Arabia, specifically four- and five-star hotels. Tourism professionals, HR professionals, and hotel managers were interviewed and hotel managers and employees surveyed. The research specifies criteria for the effective implementation of Saudization and identifies the issues involved in implementing this policy in four- and five-star hotels. It makes recommendations, which could assist in implementing the policy effectively in the hotel industry.     

20世纪前叶中国民族文化心理嬗变与马克思主义中国化

民族文化心理是一个民族处理社会生活各种矛盾关系的基本态度和方式.20世纪前叶,封建社会的衰败、外敌入侵的冲击和新文化运动的展开,推动中国民族文化心理发生了前所未有的嬗变.这一时期中国民族文化心理在民族意识、价值取向和传统观念等方面所发生的嬗变也对早期的马克思主义中国化产生了一定的影响.考察分析两者的关系,对于推进当下马克思主义中国化的进程也有着重要的启示.     

城市低冲击开发的本土化问题与对策

低冲击开发的推广旨在恢复城市开发区域的生态和水文环境至接近未开发前的自然状态,消除城市开发改变原有生态给城市带来的负面影响,而我国在城市建设的实践中缺乏对低冲击开发的理解,使低冲击开发仅仅停留在参照国外的相关措施,而无法将其内化成为中国城市建设的一部分。本文结合低冲击开发的思想内涵和城市建设的实际应用等方面,对低冲击开发的本土化进行了探讨。     

计量经济学案例教学的统一化、本土化和情境化

计量经济学是财经类学生较难掌握的学科,课程教学难度相对较大。理论教学和应用教学脱节,案例教学和实验教学顾此失彼。案例教学存在碎片化现象,实验教学经常陷入程式化。案例教学的关键是案例的统一化、本土化和情境化。案例和实验教学在统一化的前提下,相互支持,互为补充。     

服务区域经济建设 发展浙江地勘事业

文章对浙江地勘局如何融入地方经济作了全面论述,进而提出了在新的形势下,进一步发挥地勘队伍的优势,在服务于地区经济中发展自己.     

Transfer or localize? International reward and compensation practices of South Korean multinational enterprises in China

International reward and compensation has received little academic attention, but past research was mainly conducted in advanced Western economies. This study explores the extent to which multinational enterprises (MNEs) from an emerging economy, South Korea, transfer reward and compensation practices from business headquarters to a transitional economy, China and the determining factors for transfer. Using a qualitative approach to analysing 10 South Korean MNEs in China, this study reveals that the sample companies adopt home-oriented focal reward and compensation policies and practices (including base pay and performance-based pay) and an integrative approach to peripheral components (including allowances and benefits) for expatriates. However, the companies adopt an integrative approach to focal components of reward and compensation and a localized approach to peripheral components for host country nationals (HCNs). These findings indicate that Korean MNEs adopt different approaches to reward and compensation for expatriates and HCNs, as well as to focal and peripheral components of reward and compensation practices. The transfer of reward and compensation is due to the dominance effect resulting from the fact that the home economy is relatively more advanced than the host economy. On the one hand, the tendency to localize reward and compensation results from contextual differences between host and home nations, such as economic development, living costs and compensation traditions.     

Cross-Cultural Meanings of Healthy and Beautiful in Words,Beauty Types,and Products

Abstract

The debate about standardized versus localized advertising strategy is a long-standing one, and fraught with human and organizational complexities that argue for the cultural uniqueness of a national market versus the desire for a unified global image. A key issue is whether the same meaning in a specific advertising message will be transferred across cultures. This study deals with cross-cultural comparisons across five European cities (Madrid, Milan, Paris, London, and Hamburg) and focuses on the perceived differences of the meaning of two words (healthy and beautiful), two beauty types (women' faces), and two products (water and perfume). The results show that it is difficult to achieve sameness of meaning for even international products and beauty types. Suggestions for a conceptual match-up model for advertising components are made and implications are drawn for future practice and research.