近10年国外远程办公研究进展与本土化启示——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

新冠肺炎疫情严重影响了企业经营活动，但在一定程度上也推动了远程办公这种新型工作方式。为探究该领域研究进展，收集近10年Web of Science（科学引文索引）数据库中收录的“远程办公”或“线上办公”为主题的242篇核心文献，通过文献计量软件CiteSpace分析国外远程办公研究文献间的关联关系，探寻国外远程办公领域的发展脉络和研究前沿。在此基础上，对近10年国内中国知网数据库20篇中文核心文献进行综述，希望为未来国内远程办公的本土化研究提供参考。     

贫困山区农户茶叶生产技术效率及影响因素研究

基于湖北省382份茶叶种植户调研数据,采用随机前沿生产函数模型“一步估计”法分析贫困山区农户茶叶生产技术效率和影响因素。研究结果表明:样本户茶叶种植存在较大改进空间;样本户资本和劳动力投入剩余;茶园的海拔、树龄、茶农是否加入合作社、种植面积、户主是否受过种茶培训等因素对农户茶叶生产技术效率有重要影响。因此,提出紧抓乡村振兴战略机遇,推动贫困山区茶产业高质量发展;建立茶产业“三项补贴”,改善茶园基础设施条件;优化茶叶种植布局,提高合作社服务水平;成立茶产业发展基金,加快培育职业茶农,以提高贫困山区农户茶叶生产技术效率。     

论移动应用平台的运维运营及技术管控工作

电力企业在移动信息化技术方面也迈出了步伐,开展电力业务现场作业、物资与基建的现场作业、故障抢修等班组作业应用,本文主要讨论移动应用平台的运维和技术管控工作,为移动应用平台的建设和发展提供一种工作思路。     

A spatial autoregressive stochastic frontier model for panel data incorporating a model of technical inefficiency

By integrating Battese and Coelli’s (1995) model and the spatial autoregressive model (SAR), a spatial autoregressive stochastic frontier model for panel data is developed. The main feature of this frontier model is a spatial lag term of explained variables and the joint structure of a production possibility frontier with a model of technical inefficiency. The model addresses both spatial dependence and heteroskedastic technical inefficiency. This study applies maximum likelihood methods considering the endogenous spatial lag term. The proposed model nests several existing models. Further, an empirical analysis using data on the Japanese manufacturing industry is conducted and the existing models are tested against the proposed model, which is found to be statistically supported. The findings suggest that estimates in the existing spatial and non-spatial models may exhibit bias because of lack of determinants of technical inefficiency, as well as a spatial lag. This bias also affects the technical efficiency score and its ranking.     

Structural production layer decomposition: a new method to measure differences between MRIO databases for footprint assessments

Recent empirical assessments revealed that footprint indicators calculated with various multi-regional input–output (MRIO) databases deliver deviating results. In this paper, we propose a new method, called structural production layer decomposition (SPLD), which complements existing structural decomposition approaches. SPLD enables differentiating between effects stemming from specific parts in the technology matrix, e.g. trade blocks vs. domestic blocks, while still allowing to link the various effects to the total region footprint. Using the carbon footprint of the EU-28 in 2011 as an example, we analyse the differences between EXIOBASE, Eora, GTAP and WIOD. Identical environmental data are used across all MRIO databases. In all model comparisons, variations in domestic blocks have a more significant impact on the carbon footprint than variations in trade blocks. The results provide a wealth of information for MRIO developers and are relevant for policy makers designing climate policy measures targeted to specific stages along product supply chains.     

利用信道状态信息的室内定位技术

多径效应导致基于信号接收强度（RSSI）的室内定位方法精度不高，采用更细粒度的物理层信道状态信息（CSI）可以区分不同路径，提高定位精度。在已有基于CSI室内定位方法的基础上，通过改进对数距离路径损耗模型，得到CSI与传输距离的关系，并结合目标位置所测得的CSI值回归出目标与发射端的距离，最后通过三边定位法预测出目标的位置坐标。实验表明，相比基于RSSI的定位方法以及已有的基于CSI的定位方法，所提方法2 m以内的误差概率提高了将近40%和20%，有效提高了定位精度。     

交通运输业高质量发展与环境保护融合动力机制及路径

本文以交通运输业高质量发展与环境保护融合为导向,分析交通运输业高质量发展与环境保护现状,阐述交通运输业高质量发展与环境保护融合的内在机理,剖析交通运输高质量发展与环境保护融合的政策驱动、绿色发展需求驱动、优质服务动力、转变发展动力、技术创新动力、利益补偿动力等外部融合动力机制,以及行业竞争力动力、基于绿色发展的组织管理制度创新、绩效驱动等内部融合动力机制。研究建议提出:构建低碳交通技术标准体系,健全基于环境保护的交通建设运营治理机制;探索低碳交通与环境保护成本补偿制度,优化交通运输业产业结构,推动交通运输行业技术升级;建立公路建设与运营环境风险智能控制机制,应用智能技术对交通运输业环境进行协同治理。     

Why will Trump lose the trade war?

ABSTRACT

The escalating U.S.–China trade conflicts have increasingly shadowed the outlook of the world economy. The Trump administration aims to achieve its strategic goals including reducing current account deficits, promoting the U.S. manufacturing sector, and curbing Chinese high-tech industries by waging the trade war against China. This paper argues that the current account deficits and the declining manufacturing sector in the U.S. are mainly driven by its internal structural factors, such as low saving rates, high labor costs, and rising service sector, rather than by the import competition from China. Moreover, the trade war further deteriorates the U.S. current account deficits and erode its comparative advantage, and it forces China to invest more in technological innovation and human capital, and thus promote its progress in high-tech industries. Thus, the U.S. will not be able to achieve its strategical goals and eventually lose the trade war.     

土地细碎化和土地质量是否影响小麦技术效率*——基于山东省小麦种植户的实证分析

［目的］小麦是我国重要的口粮之一，提高小麦的技术效率对于保障粮食安全具有重要的战略意义。在测算小麦技术效率的基础上，找出影响小麦技术效率的关键因素，为保障国家口粮安全提供参考。［方法］基于调研数据，运用超越对数生产函数以及一步随机前沿分析方法，构建计量模型分析土地细碎化和土地质量对小麦技术效率的影响。［结果］全部样本的技术效率差距较大，规模经营农户的技术效率高于小农户，农户技术效率最高的种植面积为67~333hm2，代表小麦种植的适宜规模。从技术效率的影响因素来看，土地细碎化程度和土地质量都对小麦生产的技术效率产生显著影响。［结论］为了提高小麦的技术效率，应该发展多种形式适度规模经营，鼓励创新土地流转形式，提高农业机械化水平； 深入开展土地质量调查，因地制宜地选择土地修复路径； 实行精准补贴，切实保护农民的利益。     

The intertemporal risk-Return relation,investor behavior,and technical trading profits: evidence from the G-7 countries

The intertemporal risk-return relation and investor behavior are both important pricing factors that jointly determine the expected market risk premium. Using the price adjustment process as a control variable, we find that the intertemporal risk-return relation is positive conditional on bad market news, but is non-positive conditional on good market news. This implies that good (bad) market news weakens (strengthens) the positive risk-return relation. The pattern in the distortion of the risk-return relation is consistent with short-term mispricing in which investors overvalue (undervalue) the stock market in reaction to good (bad) market news. We also show that ignoring the price adjustment process in the estimation of the risk-return relation leads to model misspecification and induces an upward (downward) bias in estimates of the relative risk aversion parameter conditional on good (bad) news. Our model of the asymmetric risk-return relation along with the price adjustment process is capable of generating the return dynamics that is attributable to technical trading profits. We suggest that the profitability of technical trading rules is not a violation of market efficiency, but a consequence of trading rules exploiting the asymmetric effect of price changes on the risk-return relation, along with the persistence property of price changes.