改进荷载传递方法在水闸地基土体抗拔受力变形分析中的应用研究

文章引入改进荷载传递方法对某水闸地基土体的抗拔受力进行变形特征分析,并结合静载观测试验对比分析改进前后荷载传递方法对地基土体抗拔受力变形计算精度影响。分析结果表明:改进的荷载传递方法综合考虑土地自重对土体抗拔变形受力的影响,其变形计算值与观测试验值的吻合度高于传统方法,水闸地基土层抗拔受力随轴力增大而增大,且呈现明显的非线性分布。研究成果对水闸设计地基土体的抗拔稳定分析提供参考。     

水闸砂土地基地震荷载作用下液化特征研究

为研究地震荷载作用下水闸砂土地基的液化特征,利用振动台对砂土模型地基进行不同频率的动荷载试验研究。结果表明:砂土地基在地震荷载作用下出现冒水、软化和冒出泡沫等液化特征;动荷载频率越小,荷载幅值越大,地基液化越明显;动荷载频率分别为2、5、8Hz时,试验结束后地基表面下陷深度分别为3、1.5、0.7cm。     

建筑结构基础不均匀沉降的原因及防治对策探讨

地基土质软弱以及上部建筑结构荷载不均匀等因素都将导致建筑结构的基础产生不均匀沉降,从而引起上部结构的过大变形、开裂、倾斜甚至破坏。本文对建筑结构基础不均匀沉降的原因及防治对策进行了探讨。     

加强型KT型管节点几何参数对承载力的影响

为了最大限度提高节点的承载能力,提高海工结构及钢结构稳定性,提出了一种基于弧长法对KT型管节点的承载力进行有限元分析的方法。基于β,τ,γ,θ等4个几何参数对节点承载力的影响规律,最终确定了参数的合理取值:τ取0.75,γ取20,θ取30°～45°,β取0.6～0.8。同时引入参数材料强度比δ,研究支管与主管强度的不匹配对节点承载力的影响,结果显示:随着δ值的增大,节点的承载力先增大后减小再趋于某一值,节点的破坏模式由支管破坏过渡到主管破坏,但承载力的极值点和破坏模式过渡点的δ值的大小会随着τ,γ,β的取值的变化而变化,最终趋于某一个定值。研究结果可为工程上确定加强板的参数取值提供参考。     

筏板基础下碎石桩改良软土地基性能的数值研究

为解决传统碎石桩加固软土地基研究中忽视碎石桩侧向膨胀的问题,在对筏板基础下碎石桩排水荷载条件下加固软土地基的性能进行评估的基础上,利用PLAXIS 3D数值模拟方法研究了桩间距、直径和桩长等参数对筏板基础长期性能的影响,同时分析了各参数对筏板基础整体沉降、弯矩和碎石桩侧胀的影响。结果表明：1）软土中碎石桩的存在显著降低了筏板基础的沉降和弯矩;2）碎石桩的侧向胀形分布取决于其位置的深度;3）筏板基础的沉降、弯矩和侧向胀形随着间距与桩径比的减小、面积置换率和碎石桩长度的增加而增加;4）采用长厚比为0.75的碎石桩加固软土,可以达到良好的加固效果。研究结果对于全面了解筏板基础下碎石桩改良软土的侧胀性状具有重要意义,对于今后类似工程加固设计具有参考借鉴价值。     

SRC柱和CFST柱在车辆撞击下的动力响应分析

为了研究框架柱在冲击荷载作用下的抗撞击性能,基于非线性有限元软件LS-DYNA建立了精细化车辆-框架柱碰撞模型。首先,根据轴压承载力相同的原则设计2类框架柱：钢骨混凝土(SRC)柱和钢管混凝土(CFST)柱;其次,对轴压比、撞击角度、撞击速度和车型等影响方形框架柱抗撞击性能有关因素进行参数化分析,探讨框架柱在汽车撞击下的塑性损伤以及破坏模式;最后,比较SRC柱和CFST柱的抗撞击性。结果表明,SRC柱在柱顶受到斜向剪切破坏,在柱底受到弯剪破坏,而CFST柱的破坏模式是弯曲破坏。在车辆侧向撞击下,角度为15°撞击SRC柱时更危险,而CFST柱在正面撞击时更危险。车辆速度和车辆质量的增大,使得框架柱受到的碰撞损伤增大。CFST柱的抗撞击性能优于SRC柱。研究结果证明SRC柱和CFST柱具有优越的抗撞击性能,可为国家相关标准的修订提供参考。     

关于堤基处理的说明(含关于堤基处理计算的说明)

１堤基处理要考虑的问题堤基处理要考虑的问题概括地说,包括以下４个方面：（１）基础强度及稳定问题。当堤基的抗剪强度不足以支承堤身重量及可能出现的外荷载时,堤基就会产生局部的或整体的剪切破坏,影响堤防稳定。（２）渗流稳定和渗流量问题。堤基的渗流计算中,渗流稳定是主要的,若堤基实际的渗流比降超过堤基土的容许值时,会发生管涌或流土破坏,危及堤防安全。其次如堤基透水性过大,要计算渗流量,以避免堤防在挡水时间内在保护区内产生淹没或浸没损失,影响堤防工程效益。（３）压缩及不均匀沉降问题。当堤基在堤身重及可能出…     

螺栓连接计算精确度及可靠性的探讨

为了进一步提高螺栓连接设计计算的精确度,本文从强度设计准则、设计规范、基本计算公式等方面作了一些探讨,并着重对以屈服极限为门槛值的强度计算进行了可靠性分析。文中提出了拧紧系数和扳手误差系数是影响螺栓应力离散的重要因素。为了提高计算精度,应将这些因素的影响通过修正系数引入设计计算公式,并在可靠性计算的基础上选择合理的安全系数。     

改进的PSO-RBF模型在土壤水入渗参数非线性预测中的应用研究

引入改进的PSO-RBF模型,并结合辽宁中部土壤水观测试验区的试验数据,对Grenn-Ampt土壤水入渗模型参数进行非线性预测研究。结果表明:改进的PSO-RBF模型对土壤入渗参数非线性预测精度高于传统PSO-RBF模型,各参数预测值和试验观测值误差分别提高17.4%和11.1%;改进的PSO-RBF模型预测的各土壤水入渗参数和土壤物理参数间的相关系数均达到0.6以上。研究成果对于土壤入渗模型参数非线性预测方法提供参考价值。     

基于改进有限强度折减法的闸坝软土地基加筋挡土墙变形特征分析

采用改进的有限强度折减法对辽宁东部某闸坝软土地基加筋挡土墙的变形特征进行分析。结果表明:改进的有限强度折减法采用双参数折减系数,可解决传统方法采用单一折减系数使计算值偏差较大的缺陷,在闸坝软土地基加筋挡土墙变均匀变形值计算误差上较传统方法减少19.4%。研究成果对于闸坝软土地基加筋挡土墙变形特征和沉降分析提供方法参考。     

增强Linux系统安全性的措施

L inux系统的安全取决于系统管理员如何来管理它。本文探讨了一系列可以增强安全性的技巧与策略 ,包括 :系统安装原则、BIOS安全、口令安全策略、设计帐户自动注销功能、文件系统和日志安全策略、使用 SSH及 TCP-WRAPPERS,隐藏系统信息、删除所有特殊帐户、关闭控制台程序、限制系统中的 SUID/ SGID程序等。本文最后向 L inux系统管理员提出了一些安全管理方面的建议     

CIS与现代企业管理美学

概括性介绍了 ＣＩＳ（Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅ Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）的三大基本组成，并阐述了它与现代企业管理密不可分的相互联系及所处的举足轻重的地位，指出导入ＣＩＳ是现代企业谋求发展的重要手段。     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

快速成形技术的应用及热点分析

基于快速成形技术的原理,展示了快速成形技术在快速模具制造、金属零件直接成形、反求工程等领域的广泛应用,总结了快速成形制造技术研究的热点,即研发新材料和新设备、提高成形精度、建立RPM的反求工程系统、建立成形技术的统一标准和扩大成形技术的应用领域。     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

Diffusion and usage of public e-services in Europe: An assessment of country level indicators and drivers

We analyze the state of the art of indicators on e-government, e-health, e-procurement and e-participation. We survey the main methodological properties of these indicators, and highlight their heuristic potential. Further, we address empirically the issue of the explanation of the availability scores, i.e. how the supply of the various e-services in each country is affected by political, institutional and socio-economic differences, and is followed by actual usage. The econometric analysis uncovers the importance of broadband penetration and higher education as drivers for most of the types of e-services and users (citizens and businesses). Moreover, a corruption-free and agile public sector proves to be an important pre-condition for more effective supply and usage. Despite data limitations and the complexity of the underlying diffusion phenomena, our study is the first truly longitudinal contribution aimed at disentangling the common drivers of such an important phenomenon – the e-services availability and usage across European countries. As such, this work appears useful to inform the policy debate and practice, in a phase characterized by a prospective reorientation of the public e-services provision and policy agenda.     

一种高精度的频率标准比对系统

频率标准源可以提供精确的标准频率,在测定频率标准源的各项性能指标时,要求测试系统必须具有很高的比对精度。所设计的频率标准比对系统采取多级倍频 混频方式使频率偏差逐级扩大后再测量,从而避免了直接进行高次倍频的困难,提高了测量精度,可以对高精度的频率标准的准确度、长短期频率稳定度进行快速测量,是一种高精度时畴参数测量系统。     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

HSE走进中国石油

企业管理水平的好坏直接影响着企业的经济效益,运用HSE管理能提高企业管理水平,HSE管理模式将健康,安全,环境三者视为一个有机的整体。HSE管理认为人的安全是第一位的,人是创造财富的原动力,是企业的最大财产,HSE管理体系强调的是“蝴蝶效应”。