硼酸二乙醇胺酯防锈剂的制备

防锈油在使用过程中易出现易燃、易爆、不易清洗、污染环境等问题,为了减少防锈油的使用,通过对多种防锈材料进行研究、复配,开发了一种新型环保型水基防锈剂。以硼酸二乙醇胺酯为主要防锈成分,添加丙三醇、三乙醇胺、苯甲酸钠为防锈助剂,YG-Na为高分子成膜剂。通过硼酸与二乙醇胺反应、甲醇带水,合成了不同于市面一般硼酸二乙醇胺酯液体形态的白色固体硼酸二乙醇胺酯。经过一系列单片、叠片试验以及湿热试验,确定了环保型水基防锈剂的最佳配比为硼酸二乙醇胺酯5%、丙三醇5%、三乙醇胺5%、苯甲酸钠2.5%、YG-Na 0.6%,水余量。结果表明,在最佳配比条件下,试片在湿热箱内防锈时间达到18 d以上,远超市售水基防锈剂的平均水平。所研制的环保型水基防锈剂防锈效果好,生产成本较低,能够大量替代防锈油的使用。     

苯并三氮唑的制备

苯并三氮唑(简称BTA)，是一种用途广泛的精细化工产品。它可以作为金属防锈剂与缓蚀剂．铜、银等的防变色剂，涂料添加剂、润滑油添加剂、染料中间体、植物生长调节剂、照相防雾剂与高分子材料稳定剂及紫外线吸收剂等。此外，还可作为分析试剂。     

防锈包装为金属制品的储运保驾护航——访沈阳防锈包装材料有限责任公司技术中心副主任 唐艳秋

沈阳防锈包装材料有限责任公司(以下简称沈阳防锈)创立于1989年,经过23年的发展,目前公司已成为国内规模最大的专业从事以气相防锈材料为主的金属防锈防护材料研究、开发、制造和提供应用服务的国家级高新技术企业。沈阳防锈以气相防锈材料(VCI)为主导产品,致力于打造中国防锈包装的自主品牌,凭借为客户提供全程化服务和个性化的防锈解决方案,在国际金属防锈领域树立了良好的企业形象和品牌知名度。气相防锈技术作为当今世界金属防锈领域中备受关注的高新技术,可有效减少防锈油及清洗用油的使用,可节约能源、减少环境污     

2006年3月份全国化工产品市场价格

早1又:兀Z魄、土肠 产品名称 等级、规格 价格 同比 }{产滋 是名称 等组、规格 价格 同比 无机化工康料 硫酸 盐酸 硝酸 硼酸 磷酸 氢报酸 片碱 液碱 纯碱 硫化碱 硝酸钾 硝酸钠 亚硝酸钠 磷酸三钠 次氮酸钠 苯甲酸钠 硼砂 氛化钠 小苏打 大苏打 红矾钠 黄磷 硫磺 液抓 电石 氟化锌 元明粉 钦白粉 双氧水 有机化工原料 丙烯 丁二烯 工业蔡 甲苯 二甲苯 邻二甲苯 苯乙烯 纯苯 二抓甲烷 二撅乙烷 抓仿 四抓化碳 一级乙酸 三抓乙烯 四抓乙烯 甲醉 乙醉 异丙醉 正丁醉 异丁醉 辛醉 乙二醉 丙二醇 甘油 季戊四醉 苯酚 对抓苯酚 甲醛 丙酮 丁酮 …     

兆瓦级风电机组轮毂总成包装

本文系统地介绍了兆瓦级风力发电机组轮毂总成(以后简称轮毂总成)防锈、防潮、防水及运输包装;同时分析了轮毂总成防锈涂刷防锈油防锈方法的缺点和VCI气相薄膜密封方法的优点:得出轮毂总成防锈包装优先采用VCI气相薄膜密封防锈方法;文中对轮毂总成包装防潮、防水方法也一一做了说明,对轮毂总成运输产品的固定、产品运输加固捆绑与阻档也作了详细的介绍。希望能给风电机组包装起到一个抛砖引玉作用,尽量减少或没有风电机组包装因包装不当造成不应该的损失。     

几种金属防锈剂的配制和使用

金属防锈剂有很多类，每一类又有许多种，下面介绍2类6种防锈剂的配制和使用方法。 　　第一类：氧化剂　金属与氧或氧化剂反应所形成的氧化膜，可隔绝空气与金属，阻止其发生反应，具有防腐蚀作用。 　　原料：氢氧化钠600 g，亚硝酸钠150 g，硝酸钠75 g，水1 000 g。 　　制法：将溶液加热至135 ℃，与金属作用的时间，根据其含量碳量不同约为10～90 min。若用于电器内部零件，可在表面涂饰透明漆保护氧化层。 　　第二类：磷化剂　磷化剂是针状均匀晶体，它不仅有防止金属腐蚀，而且能增强涂层与金属的附着力，因此常用作高档油漆的底层。磷化膜具有很高的绝缘性，一般能承受250～300 V电压，涂饰绝缘漆后可提高到1 200 V。耐热性可达400～500 ℃，耐寒性可以-75 ℃。 　　配方一：原料：磷酸锌14 g，硝酸锌28 g，碳酸铅0.05 g，水1 000 g。 　　制法：将磷酸锌，硝酸锌及碳酸铜溶解在60～70 ℃的热水中即可。 　　用法：金属部件在溶液中浸渍15 min即成。本配方对外形复杂的零件覆盖磷化膜相当有效。 　　配方二：原料：磷酸二氢铁锰30 g，硝酸锌70 g，硝酸锰25 g，水1 000 g。制法：将磷酸二氢铁锰，硝酸锌及硝酸锰溶解在56～70 ℃的热水中即可。 　　配方三：原料：磷酸二氢铁锰50 g，硝酸锌100 g，水1 000 g， 　　制法：将磷酸二氢铁锰及硝酸锌溶于60 ℃的热水中即可。用法：将待磷化的物件在上述溶液中处理3～5 min即成。 　　配方四：原料：磷酸二氢铁锰30 g，硝酸锌60 g，磷酸0.5 g，硝酸钠4 g，水1 000 g。制法：将磷酸二氢铁锰、硝酸锌、磷酸、硝酸钠在室温下溶于水即可。用法：将待磷化物件于室温在上述溶液中处理30～40min。 (薛福连)     

碱性电池导电涂料的配方设计

研究了碱性电池导电防腐涂料中原材料的选择、配方的设计,其中树脂的选择和用量至关重要。导电材料使用的是石墨和炭黑的混合体,m(石墨)∶m(炭黑)为3∶2,这一混合体与树脂的配比是100∶24(质量比),涂料经过三辊研磨机研磨4次,细度为10μm时导电率最佳,耐碱性最好,可以满足碱性电池的基本要求。     

基于UPLC特征图谱与主成分分析的白芷配方颗粒质量评价

为了评价不同厂家白芷配方颗粒的产品质量,建立了白芷配方颗粒的特征图谱与主成分分析方法。采用Waters Uplc Class H超高效液相色谱仪与Agilent Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18(2.1mm×100mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-水为流动相,柱温为25℃,流速为0.2mL/min,检测波长为254nm,利用指纹图谱相似度评价软件提取白芷配方颗粒特征图谱中的特征成分,使用参照物标定5个特征峰的成分;采用SPSS 19.0软件进行主成分分析,给出了不同厂家白芷配方颗粒在2个主成分上的分布图,并对不同厂家白芷配方颗粒进行了综合评分。结果表明:10批白芷配方颗粒特征图谱确定的13个特征峰中,指认出了花椒毒酚、水合氧化前胡素、欧前胡素、蛇床子素、异欧前胡素5种成分;以回归得到的3个主成分的矩阵回归系数与方差贡献值的乘积之和作为10批样品的综合评分,排名第一的综合评分为1.77。基于UPLC特征图谱与主成分分析法能够快速、有效地检测和评价白芷配方颗粒。     

HPLC法同时测定薄荷配方颗粒中6种成分的含量

为了提高薄荷配方颗粒的质量标准,建立其多指标定量评价体系,采用HPLC法同时测定薄荷配方颗粒中咖啡酸、橙皮苷、迷迭香酸、香叶木苷、香蜂草苷和蒙花苷6种成分的含量。采用Poroshell 120 EC-C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇(A)-乙腈(B)-5%冰乙酸(C)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.6 mL/min,柱温为35℃,咖啡酸、迷迭香酸、蒙花苷的检测波长为330 nm,橙皮苷、香蜂草苷的检测波长为284 nm,香叶木苷的检测波长为380 nm。结果表明,薄荷配方颗粒中6种待测成分的线性关系、分离度、重复性均符合要求,各成分的平均回收率分别为99.19%,98.06%,100.45%,98.90%,100.17%,99.78%。不同厂家的薄荷配方颗粒中6种化学成分的含量存在一定差异。建立的HPLC分析方法简便、快速、准确,可以为薄荷配方颗粒的质量控制提供方法参考。     

饲料级硫酸铜生产新工艺的研究

介绍了以黑、赤铜矿石为原料 ,采用湿法生产饲料级硫酸铜的新工艺。经过正交试验确定的优化工艺条件为 :n(Cu)∶ n(NH4 HCO3 )∶ n(NH3 ) =1∶ 1 .1∶ 1 .3 (mol) ;m(净化剂 )∶ m(杂质 ) =1∶ 2 ;反应时间为 3 h;产物收率为 96 % ,产品质量达到 GB82 49-87饲料级标准     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

快速成形技术的应用及热点分析

基于快速成形技术的原理,展示了快速成形技术在快速模具制造、金属零件直接成形、反求工程等领域的广泛应用,总结了快速成形制造技术研究的热点,即研发新材料和新设备、提高成形精度、建立RPM的反求工程系统、建立成形技术的统一标准和扩大成形技术的应用领域。     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

HSE走进中国石油

企业管理水平的好坏直接影响着企业的经济效益,运用HSE管理能提高企业管理水平,HSE管理模式将健康,安全,环境三者视为一个有机的整体。HSE管理认为人的安全是第一位的,人是创造财富的原动力,是企业的最大财产,HSE管理体系强调的是“蝴蝶效应”。     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

Material power and normative conflict in global and local agrifood governance: The lessons of ‘Golden Rice’ in India

This special section aims to investigate the interaction of global and local forces in shaping agrifood governance. It starts from the recognition that a multitude of actors and norms shape today’s agrifood system. The resulting opaqueness of the systems makes it extremely difficult to understand and explain processes and outcomes of agrifood governance. Given the sustainability challenges facing the agrifood system, improvements in our understanding of what the interaction of global and local actors and norms means on the ground are urgently needed, however. The section, therefore, analyses agrifood governance in India across a selected group of cases. It does so by employing a systematic framework emphasizing the material and ideational dimensions of power and their interaction. The section has chosen India as the setting in which to analyze this interaction due to the crucial role the food demand and supply of this rising power plays in today’s agrifood system. This article provides the special sections’ analytical framework, which uses the interplay of material and ideational dimensions of power as a focal lens. In addition, the article applies this framework to an empirical study of the political conflict around GMO foods in India, specifically the case of ‘Golden Rice’.     

面向对象的程序设计

用Ｃ＋ ＋ 语言阐述面向对象程序设计中封装和继承的概念以及在实际中怎样运用这些概念提高程序设计水平。     

Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services

This study estimates cost-based prices for wholesale voice and data services provided to 3G (WCDMA) MVNOs according to their distinct types. For estimation, 3G MVNOs are classified into different types, and the overall cost of WCDMA facilities are separated into voice and data components based on their subscriber rates, actual traffic rates, as well as efficiency consideration of traffic rates. The study then calculates cost-based wholesale prices of voice and data services for each of the 3G MVNO types. The result of this study shows that a cost-plus pricing scheme can help achieve the policy goals of the regulator, namely, lowering telecommunications tariffs and facilitating the introduction of new convergent-type services, far more effectively than the current retail-minus pricing scheme. The findings of this study may assist firms in developing business models based on 3G networks and telecom regulators in designing policies related to interconnection, mVoIP, prepaid calls, wholesale services, and network neutrality.