中小型高科技企业成长性因素耦合机理分析

从成长性角度研究中小型高科技企业成长问题,首先分析了中小型高科技企业成长性的构成因素:企业竞争力、企业成长潜力和环境支持力,在此基础上,进一步分析研究了成长性构成因素之间的关系和耦合机理.     

企业内部控制环境的指标体系及评价模型的研究

企业内部控制环境是企业内部管理中的重要环节,具体可以分为公司治理、企业文化和人力资源管理政策三个部分.为能够优化管理,客观评价企业内部控制环境的状况,本文从实践的角度设计出能够全面测评环境构成要素的指标体系和权重模型.本文首先根据COSO报告中对企业内部控制环境要求通过分析其构成要素找出相应的关键性要素,设计、归纳出企业内部控制环境的评价指标体系.并将选取的44个指标分为三级,之后根据AHP法分析指标权重.最后通过问卷调查等方法测评出企业内部控制环境的具体分值,并根据权重模型计算各指标的权重分值,全面评价出企业的内部控制环境现状.通过该方法可以较为客观地对内部控制环境进行分析,以起到优化企业内部控制环境的目的.     

黑龙江省创新型中小企业成长环境评价研究

构建了评价创新型中小企业成长环境的指标体系,用层次分析法确定各级指标的权重,运用灰色系统评价方法对黑龙江省创新型中小企业的成长环境进行综合评价,并对评价结果进行了分析,从宏观上提出了优化黑龙江省创新型中小企业成长环境的对策建议。     

中小型高科技企业成长的创新系统环境分析

对中小型高科技企业成长的创新系统环境进行了较系统的分析,从创新系统的主题层面、外部环境和内部环境层面,以及从宏观环境和任务环境层面,构建了中小型高科技企业成长环境系统各子环境关系和结构空间模型。同时,进一步分析了各层面所包含的影响中小型高科技企业成长的因素,分析了创新系统环境各层面的相互作用机理。     

我国沪市土木工程建筑企业竞争力评价与实证研究

通过对建筑企业竞争力进行定义,建立了建筑企业的竞争力评价指标体系。在对比分析已有权重确定和评价方法的基础上,提出采用PCA-LINMAP来确定指标权重,并用TOPSIS进行排序的综合评价方法。最后结合相应评价指标体系和PCA-LINMAP、TOPSIS综合评价方法,对沪市37家土木工程建筑企业进行了实证分析,找出了影响建筑企业竞争力的关键指标,对各种类型建筑企业竞争力进行了分级,并为中小型建筑企业增强竞争力提出了建议。     

企业可持续创新能力评价研究——基于ANP方法

创新是企业生存和发展的永恒主题,在当前超竞争的环境下、在自然生态环境日益恶化的情况下,可持续创新理论是传统的创新理论发展的必然趋势。本文构建了由3个一级指标（技术创新能力、制度创新能力和控制能力）、12个二级指标和42个三级指标构成的企业可持续创新能力的评价指标体系,针对企业可持续创新能力指标的特点（具有相互依赖和反馈的关系）选择了较新的多目标决策方法——网络层次分析法（ANP）确定权重,建立了企业可持续创新能力指标体系的ANP结构模型,分析了企业可持续创新能力指标的相互依赖关系,采用专家打分法对比相关联指标的相对重要性,并在此基础上利用ANP应用软件一SD软件得到各评价指标的权重,最终采用模糊评价方法得出评价值。     

我国海洋经济的环境评价指标体系研究

海洋经济必须建立在资源可接续、环境可承载的基础上,才能实现其永续发展。本文从环境保护和可持续发展的角度出发,通过设置包含4个因素层和18个具体指标的指标层,尝试建立我国海洋经济的环境评价指标体系,通过层次分析法,采取指标处理、指数权重赋值及海洋经济环境评价指数计算三个步骤来完成海洋经济环境评价指标体系的评价过程。该评价指标体系可以作为考察我国海洋经济在环境保护和可持续发展方面的质量和水平的参考依据。     

创新型企业持续创新绩效评价研究

针对现有企业创新绩效评价的不足,从持续创新的角度出发,阐述了创新型企业持续创新绩效的定义、内涵及基本特性,建立了创新型企业持续创新的绩效评价准则和评价指标体系,同时确定了评价方法和指标权重,最终构建了创新型企业持续创新绩效评价模型并成功运用。     

一种从多角度考虑企业领导者绩效的评价体系

文章总结了前人对企业绩效评价和企业领导者绩效评价的研究成果,提出了一种新的财务指标和非财务指标相结合、定性指标和定量指标相结合的企业领导者评价体系。评价体系从上级角度、供应链角度、社会角度、组织绩效角度和下属角度五个方面对企业领导者的绩效进行评价,并同时给出了各指标及其权重的计算方法。     

有色金属企业的清洁生产绩效评价

本文首先对有色金属行业的清洁生产进行分析，随后从工业技术与装备、资源能源消耗、环保问题、管理水平四方面构建了18个指标的有色金属企业清洁生产绩效评价指标体系，确定了指标体系的评价标准、指标权重及评价方法，并对河南某铜冶炼公司进行评价。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for Reality Mining

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.     

Duplication, Growth and ‘Total Return Economics’

Maintenance consumption is an expense recovered in product prices, yet also a source of taste satisfaction which must be exhausted, rather than reinvested, from the capital affording it. This riddle is solved in the duplication rules: the cost of maintenance consumption is recovered in pay and prices, but an equal flow is exhausted from the human capital of the worker earning the pay. The rules impact tradition in several ways. If output is defined in principle as value added, then it cannot also be described as consumption plus net investment without double-counting the maintenance consumption recovered in prices. Also rate of return in the stationary state is not zero, but is the rate sufficient to offset the exhaustion of individual human capital. The rules lead to new insights into economic return, and support an argument that all growth at the scale of closure is due to productivity gain rather than to thrift.     

Forecasting the price of gold

This article seeks to evaluate the appropriateness of a variety of existing forecasting techniques (17 methods) at providing accurate and statistically significant forecasts for gold price. We report the results from the nine most competitive techniques. Special consideration is given to the ability of these techniques to provide forecasts which outperforms the random walk (RW) as we noticed that certain multivariate models (which included prices of silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, besides gold) were also unable to outperform the RW in this case. Interestingly, the results show that none of the forecasting techniques are able to outperform the RW at horizons of 1 and 9 steps ahead, and on average, the exponential smoothing model is seen providing the best forecasts in terms of the lowest root mean squared error over the 24-month forecasting horizons. Moreover, we find that the univariate models used in this article are able to outperform the Bayesian autoregression and Bayesian vector autoregressive models, with exponential smoothing reporting statistically significant results in comparison with the former models, and classical autoregressive and the vector autoregressive models in most cases.