股权结构与公司绩效的U型关系研究——1997—2000年上市公司的证实研究

本文通过对上市公司1997－2000年的数据的证实分析，结果表明：股权集中度、内部持股比例与公司绩效均呈显著性倒U型相关；第一大股东持股比例与公司绩效正相关，国家股比例、境内法人股与公司绩效呈显著性U型上关，这说明当国家或法人持股比例较低时，与公司绩效负相关，而在持股比例较高时，与公司绩效正相关；流通股比例与公司绩效呈U型关系，即在流通股比例高低的两端，公司绩效均表现出现较高水平。     

民营上市公司股权结构与经营绩效的实证分析——以浙江省为例

作为公司产权基础的股权结构决定公司治理的有效性,进而决定公司的经营绩效.本文以浙江民营上市公司为样本,对股权结构与经营绩效的关系进行了实证分析.研究结果表明,法人股持股比例与公司绩效不存在明显的相关关系;第一大股东持股比例和赫芬达尔指数与公司绩效存在弱正相关,含有控股股东的股权结构与公司绩效存在正相关;流通股比例与公司绩效存在负相关;高管人员持股比例与公司绩效存在正相关.根据实证分析结果,本文提出了相应的政策建议.     

基于超效率DEA的钢铁上市公司技术效率与绩效研究

以中国2005～2010年间24家钢铁上市公司为样本,运用超效率DEA模型对钢铁上市公司的技术效率进行了测度和比较.运用面板数据固定效应模型估计了技术效率对企业绩效的影响,结果显示二者之间存在显著的正相关关系;此外,企业规模与企业绩效之间呈现U型关系,经营费用与企业绩效显著负相关,流通股比例与企业绩效显著正相关,控股股东持股比例对企业绩效影响不显著.     

我国能源电力类上市公司股权结构与公司绩效的实证研究

以我国能源电力类上市公司为样本,对其股权结构与公司绩效的关系提出假设并做了分析。实证结果与文章提出的3个假设相吻合：能源电力类上市公司股权结构中,第一大股东持股比例与公司绩效显著正相关;股权制衡度与公司绩效显著正相关;高管持股与公司绩效正相关,但不显著。结论还表明：公司规模、托宾Q值、投资支出等都与公司绩效显著正相关;资产负债率与公司绩效显著负相关。这些结论可为我国能源电力类上市公司改善股权结构、提高公司绩效提供一些思路。     

上市公司资本结构与公司业绩的实证研究

通过建立资本结构与公司绩效的模型,应用Stata软件对资本结构与公司绩效进行两次回归分析,来研究资本结构与公司绩效之间可能存在的关系。在控制相关变量的情况下,实证结果表明:资本结构与公司绩效存在相互影响的关系,资本结构与公司绩效显著负相关。公司规模以及公司成长性与公司绩效显著正相关;第一大股东持股比例与公司绩效成反向相关关系。     

中国上市公司治理与企业技术创新关系的实证分析

本文通过利用中国2005—2007年343家上市公司的相关数据,对公司治理与技术创新的关系进行了实证分析。本文的主要发现和结论是:经营者持股与企业技术创新存在正相关关系,但这种发现并不具有统计上的显著性;股权集中度与企业技术创新存在倒U型关系,适度集中的股权结构更有利于企业技术创新;国有持股比例(包括国有股和国有法人持股)与企业技术创新存在反相关关系,国有持股比例越高,技术创新能力越低;以证券投资基金为主的机构投资者对企业技术创新有显著的正效应,机构持股比例越高,技术创新能力越强;独立董事制度与企业技术创新存在正相关关系,董事会中独立董事占比较高的企业技术创新投入明显高于独立董事占比较低的企业。本文还根据上述结论,从公司治理的视角提出了提升中国上市公司技术创新能力的政策建议。     

股权结构与公司治理绩效实证分析

本文以深、沪两市101家上市公司为样本，分行业竞争环境强弱从股权属性、股权集中度与公司治理绩效的关系进行实证分析，发现行业竞争环境强的上市公司其治理绩效与法人股比例呈三次函数关系，与流通股比例无显著相关关系；行业竞争环境弱的上市公司其治理绩效与国有股比例、法人股比例呈三次函数关系，与流通股比例无显著相关关系；行业竞争环境强的上市公司，股权分散型优于国有控股型，国有控股型优于法人控股型；行业竞争环境弱的上市公司，法人控股型结构优于国有控股型，国有控股型优于股权分散型。最后根据实证分析的结果，提出构建合理股权结构的结论性建议。     

房地产上市公司股权激励对绩效影响的实证分析

关于股权激励与公司绩效的关系至今尚无定论。而对于特定行业的研究更是少之又少。为此,本文选取了2007～2009年在上海证券交易所上市的房地产公司为样本,分别探讨了高管持股比例,第一大股东持股比例以及股权集中度与公司绩效的关系。通过对三年的数据进行回归分析,结果表明高管持股比例,第一大股东持股比例以及股权集中度与公司绩效都成非正相关关系。在对房地产行业进行分析之前,为了突出差异性,本文先对整个上市公司三者关系进行分析。最后,针对股权激励存在的问题提出几点建议。     

企业创新与环境绩效 ——基于外部治理环境的视角

本文选取 2012～2017 年我国沪深两市上市公司为研究样本， 通过构建企业创新、 环境绩效与外部治理环境因素三者关系的固定效应模型， 提出相应研究假设并实证检验了企业创新与环境绩效之间的关系。 结果表明企业创新投入和环境绩效之间呈显著的U 型关系； 政府干预程度低以及法治水平高的地区， 企业创新投入和环境绩效之间的 U 型关系更加明显； 国有企业中企业创新投入和环境绩效之间 的U 型关系更加明显。 此外， 第一大股东持股比例、 公司规模、 盈利能力对环境绩效亦产生显著正向影 响。 以上的研究结论对我国企业和政府的环境保护实践方面具有一定的指导意义。     

家族上市公司高管薪酬对公司绩效影响的实证分析

本文以2004年度沪、深324家家族控股上市公司为研究样本,建立了高管薪酬激励对公司绩效影响的模型.实证研究结果表明,家族公司的高管薪酬与公司绩效呈显著的倒U型曲线关系.我国大部分家族公司的高管薪酬处于与公司绩效正相关的阶段,提高高管的薪酬,有利于提高公司绩效.     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services

This study estimates cost-based prices for wholesale voice and data services provided to 3G (WCDMA) MVNOs according to their distinct types. For estimation, 3G MVNOs are classified into different types, and the overall cost of WCDMA facilities are separated into voice and data components based on their subscriber rates, actual traffic rates, as well as efficiency consideration of traffic rates. The study then calculates cost-based wholesale prices of voice and data services for each of the 3G MVNO types. The result of this study shows that a cost-plus pricing scheme can help achieve the policy goals of the regulator, namely, lowering telecommunications tariffs and facilitating the introduction of new convergent-type services, far more effectively than the current retail-minus pricing scheme. The findings of this study may assist firms in developing business models based on 3G networks and telecom regulators in designing policies related to interconnection, mVoIP, prepaid calls, wholesale services, and network neutrality.     

Collectivism,individualism, and outgroup cooperation in a segmented China

A consistent theme in cross-cultural management research is that collectivists are more cooperative than individualists. We use Hofstede's measure for individualism–collectivism and combine it with an experimental measure of cooperation to test this relationship in China. In contrast to the established paradigm, we find that groups with higher individualistic scores are more cooperative than those groups with higher collectivistic scores. We attribute these results to groups being composed of outgroup members. In addition, we find that subjects from the more developed coastal area are more individualistic and cooperative than are subjects from inland China.

面向对象的程序设计

用Ｃ＋ ＋ 语言阐述面向对象程序设计中封装和继承的概念以及在实际中怎样运用这些概念提高程序设计水平。     

蒸汽热量计量应用的探析

研究了石油化工企业的燕汽计量情况,着重对蒸汽热量计量的合理性进行了分析,阐述了蒸汽热量计量的依据及计算方法,以及蒸气热量计量对节能降耗的重要意义.     

论传统旗袍文化与现代时装

中国的旗袍文化蕴含着非常丰富的文化内涵和设计思想,如今旗袍的普及受到一定的限制,只有经过改良,才可变局限性为可行性,才可使旗袍焕发青春,走向新时代。