燕麦蜂蜜复合山羊酸奶的研制

以山羊奶为原料,探讨了燕麦蜂蜜复合山羊酸奶的制备工艺条件.通过正交实验研究了燕麦蜂蜜山羊酸奶工艺配方及稳定剂的复配方案.结果表明：燕麦蜂蜜复合山羊酸奶最适工艺配料为白砂糖7.0％、蜂蜜1.5％、酶解燕麦粉2.0％、发酵温度25.0℃.燕麦蜂蜜复合山羊酸奶最佳稳定剂为酪朊酸钠0.4％、羟丙基二淀粉磷酸酯0.3％、果胶0.075％、琼脂0.15％。     

武昌鱼天然复合卤味保鲜剂的制作工艺研究

以武昌鱼为研究对象,在基础保鲜剂配方中加入茶多酚、溶菌酶与壳聚糖,以挥发性盐基氮和菌落总数为评价参数进行L9(34)正交实验,优化武昌鱼天然复合卤味保鲜剂的配方.实验结果表明,武昌鱼保鲜剂的最佳配方为生姜2.5％、花椒0.3％、盐浓度3.2％、壳聚糖浓度5.0 g·kg-1、茶多酚浓度0.1 g·kg-1和溶菌酶浓度0...     

野生龙葵果酸奶的研制

将龙葵果榨汁与牛乳一起发酵,制得龙葵酸奶.通过正交试验确定酸奶的最佳配方和发酵工艺.结果显示,龙葵酸奶的最佳配方为龙葵汁9％、蔗糖10％、复配稳定剂(黄原胶∶明胶∶琼脂=1∶1∶1)0.3％;龙葵酸奶最佳发酵工艺条件为接种量3％、发酵温度39℃、发酵时间4h.     

紫番薯牛奶复合饮料配方优化及其稳定性研究

对紫番薯牛奶复合饮料的配方与稳定性进行研究,确定最优产品配方及稳定条件。紫番薯牛奶复合饮料最优配方为:紫番薯汁与鲜牛奶按50∶45(W/W)混合,再按混合液重量添加0.6%的柠檬酸和2.0%的白砂糖。最理想的稳定剂复配方案是黄原胶添加量0.08%、羧甲基纤维素钠添加量0.06%、瓜尔豆胶添加量0.06%、卡拉胶添加量0.10%。     

南瓜浆软饮料工艺与配方的研究

以南瓜浆为主要原料,对加入稳定剂、蔗糖等辅料制备南瓜饮料的工艺和配方进行了研究.通过单因素及正交试验确定了南瓜浆、蔗糖、稳定剂及柠檬酸的用量和加工的最佳工艺条件.试验结果表明,最佳配方为:南瓜浆35%、蔗糖4%、卡拉胶与CMC-Na用量为0.15%(质量比为2:1)、柠檬酸用量为0.02%;最佳工艺为:在压力30 MPa下均质2次,糊化温度70℃,糊化时间15 min.     

双酶切制备富含谷氨酰胺的小麦水解蛋白及相关研究

以小麦面筋蛋白为原料,用Alcalase2.4L碱性蛋白酶和Protamex复合蛋白酶为酶解剂对其进行双步水解制备富含谷氨酰胺的小麦水解蛋白,通过响应面法对双步水解工艺进行了优化.通过优化后的制备工艺为：在底物浓度4％、温度60℃、pH8.5、Alcalase2.4L碱性蛋白酶加酶量2％,酶解2h,再调节温度50℃、pH7.0条件下加Protamex复合蛋白酶1％酶解1h;此时小麦水解蛋白的谷氨酰胺肽含量达到31.2％,小于1 000 kDa分子质量的肽段占40.34％,水解前后电镜扫描图也有了明显差异。     

黑米香肠的制备工艺研究

以猪肉为主要原料,以黑米、玉米淀粉、红曲和大豆分离蛋白粉等为辅料,通过单因素实验和正交实验对黑米香肠的最佳加工配方进行研究,结果表明：黑米香肠的最佳工艺配方为猪瘦肉800 g、猪脂肪200 g、黑米50 g、玉米淀粉60 g、红曲10 g,复合其他的调味料.     

水土保持工程保障山核桃产业可持续发展

临安是著名的“中国山核桃之乡”，其山核桃产量和面积占全国总量的50％以上，成为昌化、昌北地区群众的主要经济来源和全市农村经济的支柱产业。长期以来，山区群众受传统农业生产方式的影响，片面追求发展规模和经济增长，忽视水土保持工作，林地内水土流失日趋严重。水土流失的加剧已成为全市山核桃产业做大做强的制约因素，为有效治理山核桃林地水土流失，     

玉米饮料的工艺研究

以玉米粒为原料,采用浸泡、磨浆、去渣、淀粉酶酶解等工艺,添加复合稳定剂,并添加其他食品添加剂,高温灭菌,研制出营养丰富、风味诱人的饮料。采用正交实验方法,研究发现复合稳定剂的最佳配比方案为:0.35%琼脂、0.25%CMC-Na,此时的玉米饮料组织均匀,流动性良好。     

复合营养方便米粉配方的研制

本文以早籼米、粳米、马铃薯、绿豆和甜藤粉等为主要原料,经单因素试验及感官评价对复合营养方便米粉的配方进行研究.试验结果表明,大米最佳浸泡时间为2.0 h,最适颗粒粒径为80目,最佳熟化温度100℃、时间4 min.以早籼米35 g、粳米30 g、马铃薯10 g、绿豆10 g、甜藤粉0.4 g及黄原胶2％为原料加工的复合...     

响应面法优化碱性蛋白酶提取野生山核桃籽粕蛋白

为研究响应面法优化碱性蛋白酶提取野生山核桃籽粕蛋白质的工艺,在单因素试验的基础上考察了加酶量、pH值、提取温度和提取时间等条件对蛋白质提取率的影响。采用Box-Behnken Design试验设计,进行四因素三水平的中心组合试验,建立了蛋白质提取率与各主效因子的二次回归模型方程。结果表明,最佳提取条件为加酶量4．0％、pH12．0、温度47℃、提取时间2．0h。在此条件下,蛋白质提取率可达81．90％。     

可溶性大豆多糖在食品领域中应用研究进展

可溶性大豆多糖是大豆子叶的细胞壁物质,是豆渣的主要成分之一。本文综述了可溶性大豆多糖作为功能改良剂在食品中防止淀粉老化回生和凝胶化、抗黏结、改善食品质构和口感等功能,以及作为食品包装保鲜膜材、乳化稳定剂、抗冻保护剂、膳食纤维补充剂和微胶囊壁材的应用。同时,对未来可溶性大豆多糖的应用研究前景作了展望。     

Do Agricultural Commodity Prices Respond to Bans against Bioengineered Crops?

Bans against bioengineered food ingredients by major food companies have been broadly reported and have been often taken to signal demand shifts away from commodities in favor of identity-preserved non-bioengineered crops. Yet, the impacts of such bans have not been quantified and, indeed, the market size for non-bioengineered crops remains unknown. We tested whether either the Chicago Board of Trade soybean futures prices (commodity) or the Tokyo Grain Exchange non-GMO soybean futures prices (identity preserved market) responded to firm bans of bioengineered food ingredients. Neither the Chicago Board of Trade soybean futures prices nor the Tokyo Grain Exchange non-GMO soybean futures prices respond to bans.     

云南核桃产业发展中存在的问题与对策

云南现有核桃面积30.7万hm2,居全国之首,核桃年产量达6.8万t,占全国产量的20%。大理州宾川县拉乌乡核桃收入在万元以上的农户达500多户,核桃产业已成为富民强县的支柱产业。但是,云南核桃每公顷产量很低,仅225kg产品以销售核桃仁、核桃为主,产品加工与营销严重滞后,制约着核桃产业的发展。产业的发展尚需科学规划、合理布局;加速发展加工业延长产业链;开发新产品,建立产品集散市场与行业协会等有效措施,促进核桃产业的健康发展。     

超声波辅助提取黑豆油及其脂肪酸组成分析

采用超声波辅助法,以石油醚为溶剂提取黑豆油。考察了提取时间、提取温度、料液比和超声波功率对黑豆油提取效果的影响。结果表明,提取黑豆油的优化工艺条件为：提取时间9rain,提取温度58℃,料液比1：9,超声功率110W,在此条件下,黑豆油得率达到83．83％。对黑豆油进行GC—MS分析可知,黑豆油的主要脂肪酸有棕榈酸19．24％、亚油酸46．28％、油酸18．62％和硬脂酸7．3％等,其不饱和脂肪酸含量达68．98％。     

云南省核桃产业发展策略研究

以核桃销售终端为切入点,基于云南省核桃消费市场调研数据和统计年鉴静态数据对云南省核桃产业如何健康有序发展进行研究。结果表明:中国核桃市场供给量略小于需求量,核桃产业未来发展空间大;云南省核桃产业发展面临着市场体系不完善、有效监管体系缺乏、深加工技术落后、品牌化进程缓慢、营销模式单一等问题。因此,建议着力打造高品质核桃及其相关产品,构建核桃健康消费市场体系,加强科技资金投入力度以及加快品牌建设,促进云南省核桃产业快速、健康、有序发展。     

Estimating feed utilisation matrices using a cost function approach

In this paper a multiple-output cost function framework is proposed to construct national feed balances or feed utilisation matrices (FUMs). The framework is applied to the Belgian compound feed industry. For estimation purposes a Symmetrie Generalised McFadden (SGM) cost function is selected. The cost function is estimated using readily available time-series data for the period 1962–88. Unlike previous studies based on duality theory, this study exploits the properties of nonjointness in animal feed production to establish a complete FUM. The allocation of feed ingredients among different livestock categories as well as the composition of various compound feeds are identified. Also own- and cross-price elasticities of demand for feed ingredients by type of livestock are reported.     

花生风味兔肉脯配方的研究

花生粉富含蛋白质且在烘烤后具有浓郁的香气,将其作为主要配料添加到兔肉糜中,制备花生风味兔肉脯.通过单因素试验和正交试验,以感官评分?质构特性及色差为考察指标,研究糖盐比?花生粉和大豆分离蛋白添加量对兔肉脯品质的影响,优化兔肉脯配方.结果表明,最佳配方为糖盐比8.5:1.5?花生粉添加量15％?大豆分离蛋白添加量4％.此...     

Estimating the Value of an Early-Warning System

An early-warning system generates economic value to the extent that it improves decision making. The value of the information hinges on the degree to which a timely response, aided by warnings, facilitates successful damage mitigation. USDA's Coordinated Framework for Soybean Rust includes a network of sentinel soybean plots and wild kudzu stands monitored by extension agents for the presence of soybean rust, a potentially recurring threat to the U.S. soybean crop since 2005. The linchpin in this early-warning system is a website that provides near real-time, county-level information on the location of the disease. We consider factors that may influence information value.     

Regime Shifts in the Fish Meal/Soybean Meal Price Ratio

Aquaculture growth has led to worries about overfishing and reduction in wild‐caught food fish supply because of increased demand for fish meal. As such, the price ratio between fish meal and soybean meal has received much attention as an indicator of changing market conditions. In recent years, the price ratio between these two commodities has become more volatile. Several authors have suggested that the traditional relationship between fish meal and soybean meal has broken down and that this is evidence of increased demand pressure on fish meal. In this article, we investigate the hypothesis that there are two regimes for the relative price between fish meal and soybean meal. The empirical results support this hypothesis, with the low‐price regime representing the traditional stable relative price. The continued linkages between the fish meal and the soybean meal markets indicate that aquaculture is reducing its dependency on marine proteins in favour of vegetable proteins.