中国上市银行特许权价值的自律效应

银行特许权价值是银行风险自我约束的重要机制。本文使用托宾Q值衡量了中国14家上市银行的特许权价值,借助面板数据回归分析对银行特许权价值的自律效应进行了实证检验。结果表明:上市银行特许权价值对反映外部评价的市场风险确实存在着自律效应,但还未对表现为内部风险控制的资本充足率产生显著作用。因国家对银行业提供了全面担保,银行所有制性质对银行风险无显著影响。随着银行业竞争日趋激烈,通过引导商业银行提升特许权价值来激励银行审慎经营并加强内部风险控制,对后金融危机时期中国银行业的健康稳定发展具有积极意义。     

中国银行特许权价值的风险自律效应研究

将银行破产风险分解为经营不确定性与风险覆盖能力、杠杆风险与资产组合风险,建立动态面板模型并采用2003~2013年中国上市银行的数据和系统广义矩估计方法,分析特许权价值激励银行降低风险承担的途径和方式。研究发现：我国银行特许权价值具有抑制银行风险的自律效应,银行为避免过高风险而遭受监管惩罚或丧失市场资源,保持特许经营条件和优势,将进行积极的风险管理;特许权价值的风险自律效应主要通过促使银行提升风险覆盖能力、降低资产组合风险和杠杆风险来实现。     

我国上市银行特许权价值风险自律效应的研究

银行特许权价值是银行作为一个特殊行业所赋予的一种获取未来租金收益的权力价值。本文在国内12家上市银行1997-2007年面板数据的基础上,采用税前利润法计算特许权价值,构建多元线性回归方程进行实证分析,结果发现现存的隐性存款保险削弱了特许权价值对商业银行的信用风险的约束作用,也就是说以政府的信用担保的全额保险,破坏了银行特许权价值对于银行信用风险的自律机制。     

我国上市银行特许权价值风险自律效应的研究

银行特许权价值是银行作为一个特殊行业所赋予的一种获取未来租金收益的权力价值。本文在国内12家上市银行1997-2007年面板数据的基础上,采用税前利润法计算特许权价值,构建多元线性回归方程进行实证分析,结果发现现存的隐性存款保险削弱了特许权价值对商业银行的信用风险的约束作用,也就是说以政府的信用担保的全额保险,破坏了银行特许权价值对于银行信用风险的自律机制。     

我国上市银行特许权价值风险自律效应的研究

银行特许权价值是银行作为一个特殊行业被赋予的一种获取未来租金收益的权力价值.本文以国内12家上市银行1997-2007年面板数据为基础,采用税前利润法计算特许权价值,构建多元线性回归方程进行实证分析,结果发现现存的隐性存款保险削弱了特许权价值对商业银行信用风险的约束作用,也就是说以政府的信用担保的全额保险,破坏了银行特许权价值对于银行信用风险的自律机制.     

特许权价值、隐性保险与风险承担——中国银行业的经验分析

本文以特许权价值与风险承担为主要研究视角,运用面板数据模型,分析隐性存款保险制度下我国特许权价值经济效应的有效性。研究结果表明,隐性保险降低了特许权价值对银行风险承担行为的敏感性,特许权价值的自律机制不仅对国有银行几乎失效,而且对非国有银行的风险约束效应也不显著。如此说明当前中国商业银行受到隐性存款保险制度的全面保护,从而弱化了开展全面风险管理的激励机制。     

特许权价值、市场结构与银行风险承担

银行业的风险程度关系到整个经济体的稳定与发展,控制风险是银行经营的重要目标之一。目前对银行风险承担的研究主要从特许权价值和市场竞争的角度分别展开分析。本文以156家中国商业银行为研究对象,同时分析了银行特许权价值、市场竞争程度对银行风险的影响。通过实证分析,我们发现目前影响我国商业银行特许权价值的因素主要来自银行因素而非市场因素;在没有控制内生性的前提下,发现银行特许权价值有效地约束了银行风险,而市场竞争的加剧增加了银行风险行为;在控制银行风险和特许权价值内生性后,发现特许权价值对中国商业银行风险的约束效应基本不存在。因此,要维持银行业的稳定,需要规范银行的竞争行为,提高特许权价值的风险约束效应。     

商业银行特许权价值风险约束效应研究

从银行特许权价值的定义入手,利用样本银行1998～2007年的年度数据,阐述和分析了银行特许权价值的风险约束效应。研究结果表明,银行特许权价值对银行的风险行为有很强的约束效应,即拥有较高特许权价值的银行不会倾向于采取过度冒险的经营行为,而那些特许权价值较低的银行会增加冒险经营的动机。     

外资银行进入对我国商业银行特许权价值的影响

本文通过托宾Q法度量了我国上市银行的特许权价值,并利用计量模型检验了外资银行进入的资产份额和数量份额与上市银行特许权价值之间的关系。实证结果表明,外资银行进入的数量份额与上市银行特许权价值显著负相关,而资产份额与特许权价值却是显著正相关,且对特许权价值影响更大,特许权价值的提高可以促使银行冒险动机减弱,降低银行的风险。     

银行特许权价值的内生风险约束效应——基于中国上市银行的实证研究

本文采用托宾Q值来衡量上市银行的特许权价值,基于分阶段动态回归模型,对银行特许权价值的影响因素及其风险约束效应进行研究。实证结果显示,外生性和内生性的银行特许权价值都有显著的风险约束效应;回归结果可以通过稳健性检验。     

An exploration of the competitive value of an accurate accounting system

The value of an accurate accounting system is compared to one that introduces a cross-subsidy. In a two-product experimental market the accurate system is shown to provide value when a competitor has a system that introduces a cross-subsidy. The value appears to arise from better product-mix decisions. But it is likely that this value is transitory, explaining in part why observational studies of practice have found it difficult to document sustained value from improved information systems.     

The importance of focus for generating customer value

A carefully chosen customer value proposition (CVP) is essential to create customer value. Both value creation from the customer and the corporate viewpoint gain from consistent and deliberate focus on key market segments and core competences. The result is a mutual exchange of value, thus stabilising and strengthening the competitive position in the market. Conversely, failure to maintain a consistent focus puts value creation at risk, and potentially causes one's competitive position to break down. System Theory offers a useful framework to integrate value creation from both the customer and the corporate perspective.     

The value of tax shields IS equal to the present value of tax shields

Fernandez [2004b. The value of tax shields is not equal to the present value of tax shields. Journal of Financial Economics 73, 145–165] argues that the present value effect of the tax saving on debt cannot be calculated as simply the present value of the tax shields associated with interest. This contradicts standard results in the literature. It implies that, even though the capital market is complete, value-additivity is violated. As a consequence, adjusted present value formulae of a standard sort cannot be used. Also, Fernandez's argument implies that the value of the tax saving differs from conventional estimates by a considerable amount. We reconcile Fernandez's results with standard valuation formulae for the tax saving from debt. We show that, as one would expect, the value of the debt tax saving is the present value of the tax savings from interest. The apparent violation of value-additivity in the Fernandez paper comes from mixing the Miles and Ezzell and Miller and Modigliani leverage policies.     

对我国商业银行特许权价值形成要素的实证分析

特许权价值是银行具有的从受保护市场获取未来租金的牌照价值,由市场相关因素和银行相关因素决定.本文在5家上市银行1999-2006年的面板数据基础上,利用托宾Q的方法度量特许权价值,并构建多元线性回归模型,得知随着市场优势因素的弱化,特许权价值整体呈现下降的趋势,而银行内在效率是其稳定的关键,对于银行业的稳健经营具有重要意义.     

我国公允价值计量研究的现状及相关问题探析

本文在分析我国公允价值计量研究现状的基础上,对公允价值的概念、公允价值与其他计量属性之间的关系、公允价值计量的可靠性以及公允价值层级等几个方面进行了深入探悉。公允价值研究领域的不均衡和公允价值方法研究的不足构成了前几年我国会计准则、制度中公允价值应用的障碍;"时态观"是公允价值的一个本质特征;公允价值是由"现行市价"和"现值"两种计量属性发展而来的一种具有"复合"性质的计量属性;公允价值会计信息不仅相关,而且具备合理的可靠性;合理界定公允价值层级是可靠计量公允价值的基础。     

Sample Selection Bias and Repeat-Sales Index Estimates

Analysis of variations in house values among localities requires reliable house value indices. Gatzlaff and Haurin (1994) indicate that traditional hedonic house value index estimates, using only information from a sample of sold homes to estimate value movements for the entire housing stock, may be subject to substantial bias. This article extends previous work by adapting the censored sample procedure to the repeat-sales index estimation model. Using data from Dade County, Florida, a house value index constructed from a sample of homes selling more than once, rather than all houses in a locality, is found to be biased. The bias is shown to be highly correlated with changes in economic conditions.     

试论基于价值的成本管理

为顾客创造价值,实现企业价值最大化,是现代企业经营的目标。企业要创造价值,实现价值增值,就要付出一定的代价即发生成本。因此,如何以价值管理为基础,在为顾客创造价值,实现企业价值的同时,努力降低成本,获得产品差异化优势和成本领先的地位,提升企业的竞争力以获得优势,是现代企业成本管理值得探索的重要课题。     

Has the value of cash increased over time?

We document a dramatic increase in the market valuation of cash holdings of US firms from 1988 to 2013. The value of one dollar of cash has increased by $0.019 per year during the period, indicating that shareholders place more value on cash in recent years. We also find that the increasing trend in cash value is driven mainly by increases in institutional shareholdings and accounting conservatism. We further decompose cash change into cash flows from operation (CFO) and cash flows from investing and financing activities, and find that CFO is a significant driver of the increasing trend in cash value.     

Enhancing Security Value by Ownership Restrictions: Evidence from a Natural Experiment

We present new evidence from a natural experiment to show circumstances in which ownership restrictions can enhance value. Our evidence is based on multiple restricted bond issues by an emerging market issuer at 150 basis points lower than comparable bonds, resulting in a billion dollars saving. This is intriguing: how can an emerging market issuer with junk bond ratings obtain such low yields? We argue ownership restrictions enhance value since they enable an issuer to precommit to renegotiate efficiently with a favored clientele in the potential default states, thereby circumventing deadweight costs of prolonged negotiations, particularly when the restricted clientele also values the underlying collateral higher than other investors. Ownership restrictions can also result in a transfer of value from holders of unrestricted bonds to holders of restricted bonds because of implicit seniority of the latter. We empirically test and find support for both value enhancement and value transfer and show robustness to several alternative explanations. Our evidence suggests that firms can benefit from designing securities with ownership restrictions, by offering new securities exclusively to investors who value them the most.