IPO首日超额收益率影响因素分析

本文对2000年至2012年期间上海证券交易所新股IPO首日的超额收益率进行了总体分析,发现沪市新股IPO首日超额收益率均值水平高达109.7%。明显高于纽约、香港和新加坡证券市场。基于沪市的高超额收益率水平及属性结构特征,本文从公司自身因素、市场因素和制度因素三个层面构建了IPO首日超额收益率影响因素指标体系,并采用因子分析和多元回归分析相结合的方法对IPO首日超额收益率的影响因素进行了分析。分析发现,规模因子、上市市场成熟度因子和收益性因子对新股首日收盘收益率起负向影响作用,而上市公司成长能力因子则起正向影响作用;保荐制审核方式比通道制方式下的新股首日超额收益率小,网下询价、网上定价发行方式则比其他发行方式首日收盘收益率大。     

月相效应与IPO首日超额收益

本文首次借助于月相变化这一外生变量来衡量IPO市场中的投资者情绪,就投资者情绪对于IPO首日超额收益的影响进行实证研究。本文实证发现,投资者情绪会影响IPO首日超额收益,不同月相期内上市股票的首日超额收益存在显著差异,满月期内的IPO首日超额收益要低于新月期内的IPO首日超额收益;并且新月期的IPO首日超额收益要高于非新月期的首日超额收益。     

IPO发行抑价现象研究

IPO（首次公开发行）定价中的新股抑价现象是IPO发行定价中的异常现象的一种表现,一般指新股在发行市场的发行价格远远低于新股在流通市场的价格,具体表现是新股上市首日交易价大幅度上扬,超出流通价格15到30倍以上,上市首日即可获得丰厚的回报。IPO抑价在任何国家都普遍存在,但在我国抑价现象表现的更加明显。本文主要分析了IPO抑价产生的原因,以及IPO抑价产生的弊端,并查阅相关资料,得出了一些控制IPO抑价的政策建议。     

投资银行声誉与新股抑价关系实证研究

一、引言 根据有效市场理论,如果新股发行定价是根据市场的真实信息确定的,那么上市时就不应出现超额收益率,因为市场上的套利行为会使得超额收益率消失.但国内外大量研究表明新股在上市首日总会产生超额收益,这一异象吸引了学界的关注,并提出了种种解释.主流观点将该种现象称为"新股抑价",即认为二级市场是充分有效的,一级市场严重的信息不对称造成了新股发行价被低估,从而使其在上市后出现超额收益.     

中国金融出版社图书推荐

《中国A股市场IPO首日与后市收益异象研究》作者:李宁定价:25.00元本书对备受关注的IPO市场同时存在首日超额收益现象、后市长期收益弱势现象以及IPO发行上市企业集中上市的聚簇现象进行了研究,澄清了对于A股市场是否存在IPO后市弱势现象的争论,分析了影响A股市场两大异象的重要因素,解释了A股市场存在两大异象的逻辑关系,划分了A股市场IPO热季周期与冷季周期转换边界,评价了A股市场发行制度改革效率,探讨了中国证券市场发展路径。     

中国股市新股发行内在价值模型的选择

基于中国资本市场的特殊制度背景,研究中国股市泡沫的着眼点应当是新股发行全过程,即新股从定价、发行至上市的完整过程。IPO泡沫是股市泡沫的重要组成部分,但是研究IPO泡沫的核心问题是IPO估值方法的选择。本文通过剩余收益法和股权自由现金流量法对IPO样本公司进行估值,从理论和估值结果两个方面分别进行分析比较,发现剩余收益法比自由现金流量折现法更适合于中国股市IPO估值。     

异质信念与中国股票市场的IPO异象 ——理论分析与中国实证

本文基于中国新股发行特征构建了IPO定价模型,模型结果表明在严监管条件下,信息不对称和非理性偏差形成的异质信念会推高IPO首日收益。本文进一步使用2005～2015年1413个IPO样本进行实证检验。研究表明,异质信念对IPO异象收益具有可靠的解释能力,基于信息不对称和非理性偏差构建的异质信念越高,IPO异象收益越大,且这种影响主要源于一级市场抑价。另外,研究还发现,异质信念越大,IPO长期表现越差。据此,本文建议新股发行改革应该重视新股信息披露,培育合格投资者,减少市场非理性投机行为。     

我国创业板IPO长期表现研究

由于我国创业板市场上IPO股票收益明显弱于市场,投资者投资创业板市场的收益水平将低于市场水平,因此投资者需谨慎投资创业板市场的IPO股票。近年来,资本市场有效性成为研究热点,其中IPO领域出现的异象成为研究的主要部分。IPO发行市场中存在的新股抑价、长期弱势、IPO热市现象统称为"新股发行的三大谜团"。本文对创业板发行的股票上市后的长期走势进行研究,分析了其长期走势状况。     

IPO首日超额收益文献综述

IPO首日超额收益在国内外资本市场普遍存在,这一现象引起了国内外研究者们的浓厚兴趣。自从2005年一级市场实行询价制以来,询价制度不断完善,一级市场的主体,机构投资者的投资理念和投资风格也日益成熟。理论上讲,随着IPO定价更趋市场化,IPO价格理应更能反映股票内在价值,可为什么IPO首日超额收益仍旧居高不下呢?本文对国内外IPO首日超额收益进行回顾,并对相关文献进行评述。     

基于多元回归模型的我国创业板市场IPO效率实证研究

新股发行定价是股票发行的核心环节,定价是否合理将直接影响到股票市场的资源配置.各国的研究表明,新股超额收益是普遍存在的,中国作为新兴市场,超额收益更是惊人.本文选取2009年36家上市公司作为研究对象,以上司公司上市前公司财务指标能否有效地拟合创业板上市首次公开发行发行价来探索我国目前创业板IPO效率高低,并提出相关政策建议和进一步的研究方向.     

双重上市、IPO抑价与大规模融资行为——来自中国公司IPO的证据

本文以中国1993～2009年期间的1158家IPO(其中A+H公司36家)为样本,实证检验了A+H双重上市与公司IPO行为之间的关系。研究发现:A+H双重上市与单位权益发行价、IPO定价效率、融资规模效率均显著负相关,表明A+H双重上市非但没有给公司带来IPO溢价,反而导致更高的IPO抑价。进一步分析表明,A+H公司的更高IPO抑价与其大规模的股票发行数量显著正相关,正是A+H公司的大规模股票发行迫使发行人和承销商采取低价策略以保证成功IP0,并导致A+H公司具有偏好在热市期上市的择时行为。     

上市首日“破发”股票长期表现更差吗？

以2009年7月至2012年5月间上市发行股票为样本,采用随机前沿模型进行定价分析,以新股发行定价类型,首日发行抑价率正负进行分类.选取折价发行且上市首日"破发"(即首日收盘价低于发行价)公司样本,将其与溢价发行且上市首日未"破发"公司样本,按照"行业-收入规模"标准进行样本配对,计算两组公司上市后1~5年买入与持有收益(BHAR)并进行差异性检验.结果表明:新股上市后前三年均表现不佳,折价发行且首日"破发"的股票在上市后前两年表现更差.这为新股定价与长期表现相关研究提供了新的实证.     

The Effect of Demand for Shares on the Timing and Underpricing of Seasoned Equity Offers

Despite high levels of asymmetry of information, firms that issue seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) within a year of their initial public offering (IPO) (follow‐on SEOs) are able to offer shares at a lower discount as compared to more mature firms. We provide evidence that this seeming contradiction can be explained by a very high degree of demand for the follow‐on offering. We find that the likelihood of issuing a follow‐on SEO is significantly related to the level of institutional demand and that discounts are lower for follow‐on SEOs in which institutional demand is high. We also consider the joint effect of cash holdings and follow‐on SEOs on discounts since firms that have recently gone public tend to hold high levels of cash. Underpricing is higher for firms with elevated preoffer levels of cash, which is consistent with market timing predictions. However, this relation is mitigated for both follow‐on SEOs and issues that also have high share demand.     

Seasoned Offerings,Imitation Costs,and the Underpricing of Initial Public Offerings

This paper presents a signalling model in which high-quality firms underprice at the initial public offering (IPO) in order to obtain a higher price at a seasoned offering. The main assumptions are that low-quality firms must invest in imitation expenses to appear to be high-quality firms, and that with some probability this imitation is discovered between offerings. Underpricing by high-quality firms at the IPO can then add sufficient signalling costs to these imitation expenses to induce low-quality firms to reveal their quality voluntarily. The model is consistent with several documented empirical regularities and offers new testable implications. In addition, the paper provides empirical evidence that many firms raise substantial amounts of additional equity capital in the years after their IPO.     

论我国中小企业海外上市的市场选择

本文对我国中小企业海外上市的背景进行分析,总结了我国中小企业海外上市背景的特点,并结合我国中小企业板的发展情况,分别从IPO上市数量、融资额及公司行业分布等情况比较分析我国中小企业海外上市的现状,从而从定性的角度分析了我国中小企业海外上市的市场选择特点。     

Stock market restrictions and corporate social responsibility: Evidence from IPO suspension in China

Improving corporate social responsibility (CSR) requires not only the efforts of firms themselves but also the support of the appropriate institutional environment. This paper assesses whether access to the stock market can promote firms’ CSR. Using China’s suspension of IPOs in 2012–2014, we find that firms affected by the suspension show lower CSR in their listing year. The later listing after the suspension ends, the greater reduction in CSR. Moreover, the effect of the IPO suspension is more serious for firms with financial constraints than for non-financially constrained firms. Furthermore, we show that the IPO suspension has an adverse impact on firms’ liquidity and profitability. When this suspension ends, firms’ CSR activities recover within 1–2 years. Overall, our conclusion enriches the literature on the factors influencing CSR and provides firm-level evidence of the adverse impact of an IPO suspension.     

Litigation risk, strategic disclosure and the underpricing of initial public offerings

Using word content analysis on the time-series of IPO prospectuses, we show that issuers tradeoff underpricing and strategic disclosure as potential hedges against litigation risk. This tradeoff explains a significant fraction of the variation in prospectus revision patterns, IPO underpricing, the partial adjustment phenomenon, and litigation outcomes. We find that strong disclosure is an effective hedge against all types of lawsuits. Underpricing, however, is an effective hedge only against Section 11 lawsuits, those lawsuits which are most damaging to the underwriter. Underwriters who fail to adequately hedge litigation risk experience economically large penalties, including loss of market share.     

UNDERWRITER REPUTATION AND REPETITIVE PUBLIC OFFERINGS

A recent examination of underwriter reputation and initial public offerings (IPOs) suggests that one of the reasons prestigious underwriters market low-risk IPOs is to increase the expected present value of subsequent offerings. There is a greater likelihood that a firm issuing low-risk IPOs will be a viable future operation with the potential for subsequent offerings than a firm issuing high-risk IPOs. I examine the hypothesis that the likelihood of subsequent offerings is negatively related to IPO risk. In addition to finding support for this hypothesis, I show that the likelihood of subsequent offerings is positively related to the IPO underwriter's reputation and negatively related to the IPO gross spread. Finally, I find that the likelihood of firms switching IPO underwriters for subsequent offerings decreases with increasing IPO underwriter reputation.     

China Is the Market Share Leader

China IPO activity reaches $14 billion in Q3 of 2007, doubles from a year earlier. Number of companies listing in Hong Kong and Mainland China in Q3 hits quarterly record.     

基于深市上市公司IPO盈余管理实证研究

在分析IPO盈余管理动机的基础上,研究了IPO公司进行盈余管理的手段及其影响。以2008年在深圳证券交易所上市的71家公司为对象,通过研究其2006-2010五年的经济数据,运用改进后的Jones模型,得出两个结论：上市公司的业绩在IPO前后存在明显的差异,并且上市前两年的业绩高于IPO当年及IPO后两年;上市公司通过调整应计利润进行盈余的操纵。最后针对分析结果提出相应对策,以期对加强证券市场监管,完善公司治理结构,帮助投资者进行投资决策做出贡献。