金融信息化"十五"科技攻关进入冲刺阶段

为保证国家"十五"科技攻关重大专项--《金融信息化关键技术开发及应用示范》项目在2003年底按照计划顺利完成,按照科技部的要求,从2003年3月开始相关部门展开对课题中期进展的现场检查工作.     

我国金融信息化现状与"十五"期间发展策略研究

20世纪90年代以来,以互联网为核心的信息技术和全球经济一体化的迅猛发展,深刻影响了国际竞争格局和人类生存方式.在这一巨大的经济发展形态与基础技术平台转变的历史背景下,作为现代经济核心的金融业正在经历着一场前所未有的深刻变革.这一变革对于刚刚加入WTO的我国来说,既是挑战又是机遇.党和政府十分重视这一历史机遇."十五"期间,金融信息化被列为国家重点支持的重大科技攻关项目.     

从入世看我国金融信息化攻关建设

我国加入WTO在一片掌声中划上了圆满的句号,逐步开放的金融业将面临着强有力的竞争.国家"十五"科技攻关重大项目"金融信息化"经过科技部及中国人民银行组织的专家评审委员会的可行性论证,将很快进入启动阶段.金融信息化作为国家创新体系的重要组成部分,不仅为未来5年我国金融信息化建设勾勒出发展蓝图,更重要的是,它的发展关系到我国金融业在5年内能否打好基础,真正提高我国金融业竞争能力.金融信息化将带动我国金融业的发展,并全面塑造新世纪的新金融.     

复合型金融信息化人才及其培养

金融信息化是国家信息化的重要组成部分。我国金融信息化正处于集成向数据管理迈进的过渡阶段,这对人才需求提出了新的要求。本文在系统分析国内外金融信息化人才培养现状和探究复合型人才理论的基础上,顺应我国实际需求,提出了"复合型金融信息化人才"概念,并对其知识结构和能力要求进行了细致刻画,最后从培养层次、方法和途径等方面进行了培养模式的全面构建。     

金融信息化与核心竞争力

金融信息化已是大势所趋,目前,金融信息化相关研究作为国家“十五”科技攻关重大项目进入了启动阶段。这一项目,是构建在由通信网络、计算机、信息资源和人力资源等四要素组成的国家信息基础框架之上,由具有统一技术标准,能以不同速率传送数据、语音、图形图像、视频影像的综合     

我国金融信息化的战略任务

一、建立坚实的国家宏观支撑和保障体系国家层面上的工作主要应该集中在提供一个科学、健全、安定、宽松的金融政策环境,并且帮助金融行业完成一些有利于行业发展的、基础性的、全国性的系统建设,如企业和个人的信贷征信系统的建立等。这些工作将为金融信息化的快速建设建立起强有力的宏观支撑和保障体系。1.完善政策法律法规体系目前,我国的信息化立法主要集中在计算机网络建设和网络安全方面,而在信息安全、电子商务、信息化监管等方面都存在严重的滞后,无法满足金融信息化发展的需要。亟待建设和完善的相关法律法规主要包括:(1)关于国家…     

金融信息化走过春天

最近,受各种因素影响,国际数据公司IDC先前所预测"2003年中国信息科技支出将反弹"可能会延缓,我国信息化建设步伐有可能放慢,原本有望转暖的IT市场将继续面临"严冬"的考验……在金融信息化方面,却有令人鼓舞的消息:由国家科技部发起,会同人民银行、证监会、保监会、国税总局等部门共同组织的国家"十五"科技攻关重大专项--"金融信息化关键技术开发及应用示范"项目已取得显著成效,在"一个龙头,一个基础,两套保障,三个应用示范"的技术总体框架下,一批应用、网络、安全等方面的科研创新成果正孕育成长,为我国金融业实现现代化带来勃勃生机.金融信息化建设局面豁然开朗.     

2014金融信息化大趋势

正2014年是我国金融业"十二五"规划落实的关键之年。面对更加开放的市场环境,我国金融信息化建设将呈现哪些趋势和特点?本刊编辑部经过对各家金融机构的广泛调研,总结梳理出2014年金融信息化发展的7大趋势,围绕这些趋势,我们走访了业内权威的金融信息化专家,并特邀咨询公司IT专家从信息技术、业务和管理等条线,对2014年金融业信息化发展与变革进行了展望。     

金融信息化的发展与战略

金融是现代经济的核心，金融信息化在国民经济信息化中的重要性不言而喻；与此同时，现代金融作为知识密集型产业，客观上要求以飞速发展的信息技术为支撑，不断推行金融创新，实现自身的信息化和知识化。     

我国金融信息化的战略目标

近年来,我国的金融信息化建设进入了一个快速发展阶段。利用信息化构筑企业的核心竞争力已经成为整个金融业的共识。但是,快速发展不等于盲目发展、无序发展,我国金融信息化的发展必须是建立在科学的信息化战略的基础上的发展,这样才能避免重蹈西方国家“先建设、后规范”的覆辙,实现新形势下的跨越式发展。因此,制定—个科学、清晰的金融信息化战略目标在当前形势下显得至关重要。基于对国内外金融信息化发展历程和现状的考察、分析与对比,通过总结国外金融信息化的发展经验和我国近年来信息化过程中存在的问题,我们在把握几个基本原则的基…     

Corporate financial structure and financial stability

Drawing on a unique dataset of flow-of funds and balance sheet data, this paper analyzes the impact of financial crises on aggregate corporate financing and expenditure in a range of countries. Investment and inventory contractions are the main contributors to lower GDP growth after crises, with a much greater effect in emerging market countries. The debt–equity ratio is correlated with investment and inventory declines following crises. Econometric analysis suggests that financial crises have a greater impact on expenditure and the financing of corporate sectors in emerging markets than in industrial countries. Industrial countries appear to benefit from a pick-up in bond issuance in the wake of banking crises. Although companies in emerging market countries hold more precautionary liquidity, this is evidently not sufficient to prevent a greater amplitude of response of expenditure to shocks.     

北金所发力金融市场化改革

两年前有人预言,一旦北京金融资产交易所运作成功,北交所集团的交易规模突破“万亿”将很快成为可能。现在这种可能已经变成现实。2012年2月,北金所成立不到两年,北交所集团累计成交金额已突破万亿元大关     

国内财经

我国政府消费占财政收入比重超日本6倍国家行政学院教授竹立家说,我国政府自身消费约占财政收入的20%,多年来一直维持在这个水平。竹立家说,美国的政府成本约占财政收入的9.9%,日本在发达国家里面比重最少,仅占财政收入的2.8%,欧盟国家平均占5%左右,中国政府自身消费与发达国家相比成本比较高。所谓政府改革,一个重要的目标就是要降低政府成本。另一方面,政府政策性浪费也比较严重,决策失误造成的财政浪费现象较严重。日本的决策失误率大约0.28%,发达国家决策失误率平均大约3%,而我国决策失误     

The value of financial flexibility and corporate financial policy

We propose a novel approach to measure the value that shareholders assign to financial flexibility. In contrast to existing proxies for financial constraints, our measure is market-based, forward-looking and not directly influenced by past financial decisions. We find that firms for which shareholders consider financial flexibility more valuable have lower dividend payouts, prefer share repurchases to dividends, and exhibit lower leverage ratios. Moreover, these firms tend to accumulate more cash. Our analysis contributes to the growing literature on financial flexibility and indicates that—in line with prior survey evidence—financial flexibility considerations shape corporate financial policy.     

Neglected risks,financial innovation,and financial fragility

We present a standard model of financial innovation, in which intermediaries engineer securities with cash flows that investors seek, but modify two assumptions. First, investors (and possibly intermediaries) neglect certain unlikely risks. Second, investors demand securities with safe cash flows. Financial intermediaries cater to these preferences and beliefs by engineering securities perceived to be safe but exposed to neglected risks. Because the risks are neglected, security issuance is excessive. As investors eventually recognize these risks, they fly back to the safety of traditional securities and markets become fragile, even without leverage, precisely because the volume of new claims is excessive.     

Financial instruments,financial reporting,and financial stability

I review new empirical evidence from the recent financial crisis on the relation between financial reporting and financial stability. I draw the following conclusions: First, there is still no evidence that fair value accounting caused widespread fire sales of asset or contagion. Second, the empirical evidence suggests that accounting and regulation might have contributed to the crisis by allowing several banks to delay actions. Third, even if share prices reacted positively to the relaxation of fair value accounting rules during the crisis, the origin of the problem might be lax rules that allowed banks to run into financial and regulatory problems. Fourth, fair values can be relevant for assets that a bank intends to hold until maturity if that bank strongly relies on short-term financing. Fifth, the recognition of fair values is no substitute for information that allows investors to judge a bank's risk exposure and the validity of reported fair values.     

Individual financial risk tolerance and the global financial crisis

We investigate individual investors’ tolerance towards financial risk by focusing on changes associated with the global financial crisis (GFC) of 2007–2009. Financial risk tolerance (FRT) is analysed longitudinally controlling for demographic, socio‐economic and regional variations. In absolute terms, the change in FRT is small and contrasts with a popular view that risk tolerance is an elastic psychological state overly influenced by the pervading market conditions. Even in the presence of significant financial events, FRT tends to be a reasonably stable attribute in the shorter term but possibly influenced and reshaped by events more gradually over time.     

Role of financial regulation and innovation in the financial crisis

Using the financial and macroeconomic dataset of 132 countries, this study empirically analyzes the effects of financial regulations and innovations on the global financial crisis. It shows that regulatory measures such as restrictions on bank activities and entry requirements have decreased the likelihood of a banking crisis, while capital regulation and government ownership of banks have increased the likelihood of a currency crisis. Financial innovation has contributed to the banking crisis but contained the currency crisis. This study also shows that judicious implementation of regulatory measures is critical to financial stability because some regulations, if implemented simultaneously, can further aggravate or alleviate a crisis.