Demarketing as a differentiation strategy

Demarketing discourages consumers from buying. This paper shows that demarketing can be a profitable alternative when differentiation through product improvements is not cost effective. The impact of differentiating demarketing on profit, market share, consumers, and total welfare is investigated.This research began while Hess was visiting MIT's Sloan School of Management and was finished while visiting University of Haifa; he thanks both for their support.     

出口商品结构竞争力国际比较——基于传统差别化与替代弹性视角的实证研究

本文在出口商品结构传统认识和分析的基础上，导入出口商品替代弹性，并用来计算、分析、比较世界贸易主要国家和地区的出口商品结构竞争力，从而得出中国出口商品多样性世界第一，但出口商品结构整体竞争力为世界第十三位。解决问题的路径是从产业技术R＆D入手，以自主创新实现出口商品结构高度化的领先能力。     

Does Store Brand Patronage Improve Store Patronage?

Review of Industrial Organization - We investigate the relationship between a household's store brandpatronage and store patronage through its impact on store revenuesand profits. The nature of...     

大学知识生产能力测度：场域特性、表征框架及实践应用

大学知识生产能力提升是推进中国“双一流”大学建设战略的重要突破口。资源是大学知识生产的基础,大学知识生产资源获取路径存在学术、市场和行政的三维场域分化。通过资源有效利用而培养能力是大学知识生产的最终目标,大学知识生产能力表征框架表现为输入性与输出性能力、学术探究力与市场竞争力的双重坐标,评价场域分化决定了大学知识生产能力测度标准的多维特性。大学科研管理实践是在遵循场域分化和各要素矛盾运动客观规律的基础上,对稳固基础、融合共生、优势转化等战略的主观选择及行动策略。     

差异化视角下区域金融开放对金融风险的影响研究——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

本文基于2007－2019年我国31个省（区、市）的面板数据,对区域金融开放和区域金融风险水平进行测度,运用状态空间模型实证研究区域金融开放对区域金融风险的动态影响。研究结果表明：我国金融开放水平和金融风险水平的省际差异悬殊,各省金融开放对金融风险的影响效应存在异质性。各省金融开放水平对金融风险的影响效应以各省区域经济金融发展为基础,在经济基础较弱和金融发展水平较低的地区,通过金融开放可以降低区域整体金融风险;在经济基础较好和金融发展水平相对较高的地区,区域金融开放水平的提高带来的金融风险相对较大。     

差异化产品价格战的产生与扩散机制分析

本文基于消费者的"0-1"购买特征和产品的纵向差异化特征,建立了一个新的价格战模型。通过应用数学证明和数值模拟的方法发现:(1)合谋体系、背叛体系以及价格战体系的均衡结果均与需求冲击无关;(2)差异化产品厂商的背叛动机以及产品链条的合谋稳定性也与需求冲击无关;(3)产品的差异化程度是影响合谋稳定性的重要因素,差异化程度越大,合谋越稳定;(4)合谋集团对背叛厂商的惩罚策略存在着"误伤效应",这种效应在一定条件下能够自我抑制,表现为产品链条上的价格战和合谋共存,在其他条件下,这种效应不能自我抑制,价格战一旦发动就会迅速扩散到整个产品链条。     

中国信贷配置的时空分异及时空收敛性研究——来自制造业上市公司的数据分析

文章基于2008-2017年制造业上市公司信贷数据,采用Dagum基尼系数、Kernel密度估计等方法实证考察了中国三大地区及四大行业群信贷配置的差距及其动态演进,并利用空间面板数据对信贷配置的时空收敛性进行检验。研究结果表明：（1）总体来看,中国信贷配置水平呈上升趋势,但信贷资金的地区配置和行业配置存在明显差距。（2）从地区角度,中国信贷配置总体差距、地区内差距和地区间差距均呈下降趋势,东部地区信贷配置较为均衡,未出现分化现象,中、西部地区的信贷配置在部分年份具有极化现象,且极化程度有所差异。具体来看,超变密度是总体差距的主要来源,各地区内省份之间信贷配置水平的非均衡性不断加强,地区内差距的贡献率逐渐上升,而地区间差距对总体差距的贡献率呈现下降的态势。（3）从行业角度,各行业群信贷配置差距的波动更加明显,呈现行业内差距和行业间差距演变趋势不一致的走向,其中资本投入拉动型行业群的内部差距呈扩大趋势,技术创新驱动型行业群的内部差距波动最大,劳动密集优势型行业群与技术创新驱动型行业群间差距最大。（4）此外,考虑时间和空间因素的收敛模型表明,在2008-2013年和2014-2017年两个样本时间段中,尽管中国信贷配置的时空收敛速度存在差距,但其时空收敛性是明显的,从经济进入新常态以来,外围区域向中心区域的追赶速度降低了。     

Transitioning and co-evolving to upgrade value offerings: A competence-based marketing view

This article shows how subcontractors in the steel and metalworking industry can effectively upgrade their customer value offerings. The study intends to identify internal and external drivers for successful transitions. It builds on the IMP's (Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Group) research tradition by looking into value creation and competence-based marketing within business networks. Using qualitative methods, the research identifies ‘ideal’ value-added market positions and relates these to specific competence configurations. It also reveals the need to manage co-evolution with other network partners in order to make a successful transition from basic to value-added offerings. The paper contributes to business marketing science by looking explicitly into the mechanisms of internal alignment when upgrading value offerings (a pre-condition often overlooked in extant literature) and by extending the concept of co-evolution.     

异质性厂商合作研发的最优投入水平及其成本分摊机制

在产品差异化的Betrand模型中引入具有需求创造效应的创新,构建一个异质性厂商进行合作研发和价格竞争的两阶段动态博弈模型,研究异质性厂商合作研发的最优研发投入以及研发成本的分摊机制.研究发现,异质性厂商间合作研发的最优研发投入水平和成本分摊比例主要取决于市场容量、自身价格效应、交叉价格效应及研发的需求创造效应;根据自身价格效应、交叉价格效应及研发的需求创造效应确定合作研发成本的分摊比例时,基于Betrand竞争的异质性厂商通过合作研发可以提高其均衡价格、产量和利润.     

Efficiency and effectiveness of small retailers: The role of customer and entrepreneurial orientation

While it is generally agreed that a customer and entrepreneurial orientation enhance company performance in large multi-national organizations, relatively little is known about how these variables influence the small retailers that form a substantial part of national economic well-being. This study investigates the potential influences of these factors on the performance of small retailers in Switzerland, because this nation has long had a reputation for creativity, innovation and a customer focus. Performance is viewed as a two dimensional concept including an effectiveness and an efficiency perspective. Data for this study were collected through personal interviews from 261 SMEs. While customer orientation is found to be positively related to both efficiency and effectiveness, results only show a positive impact from entrepreneurial orientation on effectiveness. At the same time, entrepreneurial orientation is found to be a driver of customer orientation, and thus having an indirect impact also on efficiency for the small retail firms. All in all, the study shows that small retailers do indeed put an emphasis on both customer and entrepreneurial orientation in spite of their limited resources. It also stresses that this will increase their competitive advantage. In the light of existing literature, limitations and future research directions are subsequently addressed.