DX桩承力盘破坏机理研究

由于施工工艺的限制,DX桩承力盘范围内没有配置钢筋,承力盘为素混凝土结构,因此,在进行DX桩设计时,必须对承力盘进行抗剪强度验算.根据现有混凝土结构设计规范中规定的公式计算出的结果偏于保守,当盘端阻力达到一定值时,承力盘先发生剪切破坏,因而,承载盘的存在对桩基竖向抗压承载力并没有大幅提升作用,但经过多次现场静载荷试验证明,DX桩相比于同直径、同桩长的普通直孔桩,其竖向抗压承载力会有明显提升,因此,承力盘发挥的作用是非常明显的.鉴于上述理论计算与工程实践的差异,本文通过理论分析方法对DX桩承力盘的受力机理进行了深入的分析,并采用FLAC3D有限差分软件对承力盘底面的土体反力分布形式进行了研究,可以发现DX桩承力盘范围内的应力分布与承力盘尖角密切相关,且承力盘底面的土体反力呈抛物线形式分布.     

经济政策不确定性与企业员工配置——来自沪深上市公司的经验证据

企业员工配置是企业内部管理的重要一环,经济政策不确定性是否会影响企业员工配置?本文以员工数量衡量企业员工配置,利用2010-2018年沪深A股上市企业数据和经济政策不确定性指数建立面板数据模型,考察经济政策不确定性对企业员工配置的影响,实证研究发现:经济政策不确定性会显著增加企业员工配置,且该影响经更换变量、调整样本容量以及内生性处理后依旧显著,该反应在还债能力较弱、盈利能力较差、股权制衡度较高、地区经济发展水平较低的企业中更为明显。文章的研究结论对于企业管理和宏观经济管控有一定的参考价值。     

产学研合作创新绩效影响因素元分析研究

为探寻中国产学研合作创新绩效影响因素，挖掘促进中国产学研深度融合的发力点,运用元分析方法，对中国国内与产学研合作创新绩效影响因素相关文献进行再分析，结果发现：①企业层面的企业规模、企业知识吸收能力、企业研发人员投入与企业研发经费投入，组织间层面的知识协同性、知识转移能力、信息沟通渠道及合作紧密度，政府层面的政策支持与经费支持，区域层面的法律法规完善性与经济发展水平均能够显著提升产学研合作创新绩效；②区位因素、数据类型分别对产学研合作创新绩效与企业规模、政府经费资助关系具有显著调节作用。     

乡村旅游开发下农户生计适应变化与影响机理研究*——以延安市乡村旅游为例

［目的］以延安市3个典型乡村旅游地为例，结合可持续生计分析框架和适应性理论，分析农户在乡村旅游扰动下的适应策略与适应模式，定量测度不同适应模式农户的适应结果。厘清农户未来生计策略选择的影响因素及其机制，提出促进农户及乡村旅游地可持续发展的对策。［方法］通过参与性农户评估法及二元回归分析法分析影响农户未来生计策略选择的因素。［结果］（1）旅游开发造成案例地农户自然资本丧失，失地农户由务农或务工为主的单一适应方式向兼业型与非农型转变，分化为4种不同类型的农户，且各类农户在各描述指标方面差异显著。（2）农户的生计资本衡量3个社区旅游开发后的适应结果，生计资本普遍较低且内部各维度差异明显。对比4类农户适应结果可得：复合生计型>务工主导型>旅游服务型>社会保障型。（3）通过二元逻辑回归模型深入解释当下适应结果对农户未来生计策略选择的影响，物质资本、金融资本和社会资本均影响农户选择意愿，其中可借款人数是最关键的影响变量。［结论］农户在旅游开发背景下生计动态适应的影响机制为旅游开发及基于此补偿制度是农户现在生计适应活动的外部起因，按照适应类型以及收入比重，分化为4种模式农户； 现行生计适应策略使农户适应结果迥异，生计资本的储量和结构差异显著，这种差异是农户未来生计选择的直接动因； 3个社区不同类型的旅游开发模式是农户未来生计策略选择分异的推动力量。     

大学生消费行为调查与分析

大学生是社会消费群体的重要组成部分,他们的消费行为特征受到越来越多人的关注。为了更好地了解大学生的具体消费行为,本文采取问卷调查的方式,以合肥师范学院在校大学生作为调查对象,进一步了解大学生的消费理念、方式以及水平、结构等。最后根据调查结果的数据分析,对大学生理性消费提出具体建议,以引导大学生树立正确的消费观念。     

问询函的溢出效应——基于盈余管理视角

在重视信息公开,探索建立事中、事后监管机制的新形势下,证监会各类行政处罚监管逐步转向交易所非行政处罚监管,问询函机制的作用凸显.与以往文献不同,本文未研究问询函对企业行为的直接影响,而是基于盈余管理视角研究问询函的溢出效应.本文研究发现,同行业企业收到年报问询函会抑制本行业其他企业的盈余管理活动,当行业领先者收到年报问询函、行业竞争度越高时,问询函的行业溢出效应越强;非北上广深样本中,同地区企业收到年报问询函会抑制本地其他企业的盈余管理活动,法治环境越好、市场化程度越高,问询函的地区溢出效应越强.本文还发现当年报问询函内容与盈余管理相关时,问询函的溢出效应更强.     

When Moral Tension Begets Cognitive Dissonance: An Investigation of Responses to Unethical Pro-Organizational Behavior and the Contingent Effect of Construal Level

Journal of Business Ethics - Research on unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB) has predominantly focused on its antecedents, while overlooking how engaging in such behavior might affect...     

科技型中小企业创新生态系统构建机制研究

文章在阐述科技型中小企业创新生态系统概念及构成要素的基础上,提出了由动力机制、知识转移与共享机制、利益协调机制和外部治理机制组成的科技型中小企业创新生态系统构建机制理论框架.通过对长三角地区200家科技型中小企业的问卷调查,分析了上述四大机制的影响作用,并根据调查结果进一步提出,要有效弥补科技型中小企业创新资源不足、打造线上线下相结合的知识共享平台、建立合理的利益分配机制、加强政府对创新生态系统建立的支持与引导、建立更加专业的科技中介服务体系,从而推进并完善科技型中小企业创新生态系统构建.     

Understanding the Racial/Ethnic Gap in Bank Account Ownership among Older Adults

The observed racial/ethnic gap in bank account ownership among older adults is substantial. We investigate socioeconomic, cognitive, and cultural barriers underling it. As additional potential barriers are accounted for, the residual gaps in financial inclusion with respect to Whites are reduced by 19% for blacks and 46% for Hispanics. We find that citizenship and “taste for privacy” play a limited role for both minority groups, while real asset ownership, health, cognitive ability, and cultural hurdles contribute substantially to the gap. For Hispanics, language barriers explain most of the gap, while neighborhood‐level socioeconomic characteristics are more salient for blacks. We also examine how the racial/ethnic composition of couples influences financial decisions. We estimate a significantly smaller residual gap between “mixed” and white couples than between minority and white couples. We provide empirical evidence suggesting that, other things equal, mixed couples are less concerned with the cultural/psychological barriers facing minority couples.     

Rewriting China’s Recent History: Fluctuations in State Economic Control, 1949–1984

China's political and economic systems are often discussed in combination. It is generally believed that under the political system of centralization, the economic system had to be a state monopoly. This article challenges that view by providing an economic perspective. The period 1949–1984 is selected to explore the causes of successive periods of strengthening and weakening of the state's monopoly power over the economy. Scholars have generally assumed that the period of state monopoly originated from socialist ideology or the personal will of the leaders. But economic conditions severely limited the options available. After the new China was established, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) did not try to create a fully socialist economy in the short run. Instead, the CCP formulated a New Democracy platform that pragmatically allowed many types of enterprise to function side by side, including private industry, household ventures, and state‐owned enterprises. The original plan of the CCP was to allow private enterprise to develop in order to build up capital to rebuild the war‐damaged economy so that a strong foundation could be established for creating a socialist economy. But the Korean War from 1950 to 1953 and an influx of Soviet capital caused a shift from a mixed economy to state capitalism by 1956. From that point on, Mao Zedong and other Chinese leaders had to change course again and again as fiscal crises limited available options. A reversal occurred in 1958 when the Soviets withdrew both their advisors and their capital subsidies, leaving the state capitalist system weakened. The crisis in the Chinese economy from 1959 to 1961 required decentralization of economic authority and efforts to promote rural capital formation. The next shift occurred after 1963 as the economy was organized to prepare for a possible military invasion. The required mobilization of industrial resources in remote regions of China inevitably reinforced state management of the economy. The final reversal occurred in the late 1970s, when imports of Western technology and equipment created another fiscal crisis for the central government, which then had to shift the burden of capital formation from the state to private entities. The reform of the rural household contract system, the adjustment of economic structures, and an increase in exports to gain foreign exchange all took place as part of “de‐monopolization” reforms. The reforms that occurred after 1979 were not an aberration or a radical break from the past. They were part of a pattern that evolved from 1949 to 1984, with fluctuations dependent on the weakening and strengthening status of state finances. The shifts that occurred during this period have either been ignored by observers, or they have been misinterpreted as being motivated by ideology. In fact, new policies were created to enable the government to adjust to changes in the internal and external environment.