转化糖电解质注射液中乳酸钠含量的测定

目的:建立测定转化糖电解质注射液中乳酸钠含量的HPLC方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,色谱条件:色谱柱:十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂的高效液相色谱柱;流动相为:水-甲酸-二环己胺(988:1:1);流速为1.0mL/min;进样量为20μl;柱温为28℃;检测波长为210nm。结果:乳酸钠在1.80～4.30mg/ml内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为Y=120077X+254238,r=0.9999;平均回收率为100.07%,RSD为0.498%。结论:本方法操作简便,测定快速,结果准确可靠,不受其他成分的干扰,可用于转化糖电解质注射液的含量测定。     

LC-MS/MS法测定大鼠血浆中的叶黄素含量

目的:建立了测定大鼠血浆中叶黄素含量的LC-MS/MS法.方法:血浆样品经乙醇沉淀蛋白,叔丁基甲醚萃取,真空抽干及流动相溶解等预处理过程后,进行LC-MS/MS分析.以甲醇-0.1％甲酸水溶液(87:13,V:V)为流动相,Agilent Eclipse Plus C18柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8 mm)进行分离.采用大气压化学电离源(APCI)、多反应监控(MRM)方式进行正离子检测,内标法定量(内标为麦角甾醇).结果:测定血浆中叶黄素的线性范围为5～200 ng/mL,线性相关系数r=0.997;定量下限为5 ng/mL;低(10 ng/mL)、中(50 ng/mL)、高(160 ng/mL)三个浓度的方法回收率分别为69.7％、94.9％和98.1％;提取回收率分别为75.3％、70.9％和73.4％.结论:本方法分析测试时间短、灵敏度高,适用于血浆样品中叶黄素的测定.     

阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片含量测定方法的改进

为解决实际应用中克拉维酸钾峰与后相邻杂质的分离度达不到要求的问题,建立了一种同时测定阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片中阿莫西林和克拉维酸钾含量的新方法,采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC),Ultimate AQ-C_(18)色谱柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),以pH值为4.4的0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钠缓冲液为流动相,柱温为35℃,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为220nm。结果表明:阿莫西林和克拉维酸钾两主峰与相邻杂质得到完全基线分离,分离度大于1.5;克拉维酸钾对照品溶液质量浓度为0.050 0~0.500 1mg/mL时与峰面积的线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均回收率(n=9)为100.14%,RSD值为0.24%;阿莫西林对照品溶液质量浓度为0.100 0~1.000 1mg/mL时与峰面积的线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率(n=9)为100.45%,RSD值为0.17%。与原有的《中华人民共和国药典》方法相比,新的阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片含量测定方法专属性好,准确度高,操作简便快捷,结果可靠,可作为一种质量控制方法。     

GC快速测定薄荷药材中薄荷酮和薄荷脑的含量

目的:建立快速测定薄荷药材中薄荷酮和薄荷脑含量的方法。方法:Agilent DB-1毛细管柱(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm);进样量为1μL;分流比为20:1;进样口温度为220℃;以氮气为载气,流速0.8 mL/min;FID检测器温度为250℃;程序升温。结果:薄荷酮和薄荷脑分别在15.172～303.44μg/mL(r=0.999 9,n=6),44.088～881.760μg/mL(r=0.999 8,n=6)范围内线性关系良好,薄荷酮和薄荷脑回收率分别100.6%、101.0%。结论:建立的薄荷中薄荷酮和薄荷脑含量测定方法,快速、简便、准确,能用于评价薄荷药材的质量。     

高效分子排阻色谱法测定氨苄西林钠聚合物

建立高效分子排阻色谱法(HPSEC)测定氨苄西林钠中聚合物含量。采用TSK-gel G2000SW_(XL)柱(7.8mm×30cm,5μm);流动相为磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.0)[0.01mol·L~(-1)磷酸氢二钠溶液-0.01mol·L~(-1)磷酸二氢钠溶液(61:39)]:乙腈(95:5);流速为0.7m L/min;检测波长为230nm;柱温为30℃。氨苄西林的线性范围为0.4～4.8mg/mL(r=0.9995),浓度与峰面积呈良好线性关系;定量限为10.8 ng,检测限为4.2ng。该方法准确可靠、重复性好、专属性强,能有效测定氨苄西林钠中聚合物的含量。     

藿香正气颗粒中厚朴酚与和厚朴酚质量标准的研究

测定藿香正气颗粒中厚朴酚与和厚朴酚的含量。方法：采用HPLC法测定厚朴酚与和厚朴酚的含量;色谱柱：InertsiL O D S- SP(250mm ×4.6,5um）;流动相：甲醇-水（78：22）;流速：1.0mL/mi n;检测波长：294nm。结果：厚朴酚的线性范围是3.68~22.08μg/mL,其线性相关系数为r=0.9998、和厚朴酚的线性范围是2.47~14.83μg/mL,其线性相关系数为r=0.9994。厚朴酚、和厚朴酚的加样回收率的平均值为100%,R SD=1.96%。结论：方法简单易行,结果准确,可靠,适用于本品的含量测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸咪唑苯脲的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定盐酸咪唑苯脲的含量。采用Amethyst C18色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);以乙腈-缓冲液(缓冲液为5mmol/L辛烷磺酸钠溶液,含0.1%(体积分数)三乙胺,用冰乙酸调节pH值为3.2)为流动相,乙腈与缓冲液体积比为30︰70;流速为1.0mL/min;检测波长为239nm;柱温为30℃。在39.32～137.62μg/mL范围内,盐酸咪唑苯脲峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 3),平均回收率约为99.50%(n=9),RSD值约为0.52%。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定土壤中的糠醛

提出了反相高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定土壤中糠醛的新方法。流动相为甲醇:水=50:50(V/V),流速为1.0mL/min;检测波长为275nm;柱温为30℃。结果表明:该方法的线性回归方程为y=169.9x-2.79,其相关系数为0.999,线性范围为1.0～10μg/mL,方法检出限为0.13mg/kg;分别采用高/中/低浓度加标时平均回收率在80%-95%之间,准确度结果良好;对高/中/低浓度(10/5/1μg/mL)分别测定6次,计算其相对标准偏差在0.09%-1.11%之间(n=6),精密度结果良好。     

HPLC法测定石椒草中芦丁的含量

为了提升石椒草质量评价的效率,提出了用HPLC法测定石椒草中芦丁的含量。通过对流动相、检测波长、色谱柱、提取溶剂及提取时间等因素的考察,最终确定了HPLC法测定石椒草中芦丁含量的最佳测定条件,即采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C₁₈(4.6 mm×150 mm, 5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-1%冰醋酸溶液(体积比为30∶70)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为257 nm,柱温为25℃。结果表明,芦丁进样量为0.093 34～1.166 75μg(R²=0.999 2)时与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,精密度、重复性、稳定性试验的RSD均小于2%,平均加样回收率为99.49%,RSD为1.6%。所建立的测定石椒草中芦丁含量的HPLC法,结果准确可靠,供试品制备简便,且具有高灵敏度、高准确性,可为石椒草质量评价标准及质量控制提供数据支持。     

离子色谱法测定早强剂中氯离子和硫酸根的含量

本文建立了离子色谱法检测油田外加剂早强剂中氯离子和硫酸根的测定方法。采用AS19型分离柱(250mm×4mm)分离,以20mMKOH溶液为淋洗液,电导检测器检测。柱温、检测器温度为30℃。进样量为10μL,流速为1.0mL/min,采用峰面积定量。氯离子和硫酸根的检出限均为0.01mg/L,在2-25mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系（相关系数分别为r2=0.9998和r2=0.9996）,加标回收率均在99%以上,相对标准偏差（R SD）为1.0%-1.2%。实验结果表明,此方法快速、简单,可便捷地应用于油田外加剂早强剂中氯离子和硫酸根含量的测定。     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

面向对象的程序设计

用Ｃ＋ ＋ 语言阐述面向对象程序设计中封装和继承的概念以及在实际中怎样运用这些概念提高程序设计水平。     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

应用CGI技术创建CAI网页计数器

:CGI( Common Gateway Interface)是应用程序与 Web服务器交互的一个标准接口 ,利用该技术可以实现 HTML不具备的交互式主页功能。本文将通过“教育窗”主页的访问 (点击 )计算器的开发应用实例 ,提出了两种使用 CGI技术实现点击计数的方案     

钻井现场H2S气体的探测及防护

在钻井生产过程中，实施HSE管理体系，预防和控制H2S，保护每一位员工不受H2S气体危害，是钻井生产过程中HSE工作的重要一环。阐述了有害气体H2S的物理特性、毒性标准，介绍了几种常用的H2S气体探测器，以及具体操作方法。     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

Migration to 3G wireless broadband internet and real options: The case of an operator in India

The paper focuses on third generation wireless technologies and on alternative technologies for wireless local area networks. The authors present the evolutionary migration path from second to third generation systems. Technological, economic and behavioral factors related to decision-making towards the migration are proposed. As an example, the paper studies the case of the national incumbent operator of India. It analyzes qualitatively the migration problem from the perspective of the operator, the equipment manufacturer and the users. For the quantitative analysis, real options are used to value the investment decisions. The analysis suggests that the initial (sunk) investment cost, the average revenue per user, the growth of the subscriber base and the volatility of the markets are the key factors in the investment process.     

Collectivism,individualism, and outgroup cooperation in a segmented China

A consistent theme in cross-cultural management research is that collectivists are more cooperative than individualists. We use Hofstede's measure for individualism–collectivism and combine it with an experimental measure of cooperation to test this relationship in China. In contrast to the established paradigm, we find that groups with higher individualistic scores are more cooperative than those groups with higher collectivistic scores. We attribute these results to groups being composed of outgroup members. In addition, we find that subjects from the more developed coastal area are more individualistic and cooperative than are subjects from inland China.

Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services

This study estimates cost-based prices for wholesale voice and data services provided to 3G (WCDMA) MVNOs according to their distinct types. For estimation, 3G MVNOs are classified into different types, and the overall cost of WCDMA facilities are separated into voice and data components based on their subscriber rates, actual traffic rates, as well as efficiency consideration of traffic rates. The study then calculates cost-based wholesale prices of voice and data services for each of the 3G MVNO types. The result of this study shows that a cost-plus pricing scheme can help achieve the policy goals of the regulator, namely, lowering telecommunications tariffs and facilitating the introduction of new convergent-type services, far more effectively than the current retail-minus pricing scheme. The findings of this study may assist firms in developing business models based on 3G networks and telecom regulators in designing policies related to interconnection, mVoIP, prepaid calls, wholesale services, and network neutrality.     

压入式局部通风技术及管理

局部通风技术及管理在大中小型煤矿广泛应用,如何管理和应用局部通风是掘进安全生产不可忽视的环节,无论从风量的设计、各种安全设施的使用等都是非常重要的。有一套系列化的设计和管理模式是掘进安全生产的重要保证,本文从掘进设计到掘进结束做了详细的使用和管理。