人力资本在产业集群演化和发展机制中的作用研究

作为区域经济发展的领头模式,产业集群经济现象备受学界和政府瞩目,对其生成机制和发展路径的研究是十分必要的.以人力资本理论为视角进行研究,能够更准确地认识和理解产业集群演化和发展机理,把握其运行规律.说明人力资本对产业集群演化和创新的决定作用,对于我国产业集群的发展和升级具有积极的指导意义.必须充分发挥人力资本效应,推出一系列基于此的产业创新策略,促进产业集群的可持续发展.     

劳动力流动对中国各区域人力资本的影响--基于省级面板数据的角度研究

新常态下,中国经济的增长速度逐渐进入中高档阶段,各区域的经济增长水平势必逐渐的放缓。伴随着劳动力自由流动的放宽,以及人力资本在推进区域经济增长中的作用日益突出,研究劳动力流动对各区域人力资本的影响成为当前各区域经济稳定发展重要课题。本文运用中国30个省份的省级面板数据,利用面板数据的分析方法,从新经济地理学的空间集聚视角,研究劳动力流动对各区域人力资本的影响。研究结果为,加快劳动力自由流动,发挥劳动力流动过程中人力资本的溢出效应和“干中学”效应,提高各区域的人力资本水平,推动各区域的经济发展。     

户籍制度下劳动力的经验人力资本：生命周期视角

劳动力大规模流动对中国的经济增长至关重要，但户籍制度下流动劳动力与本地劳动力在城镇劳动力市场面临的就业约束不同，这将导致二者在经验人力资本积累等方面存在差异。本文使用中国居民收入调查（CHIP）数据，从生命周期的视角估计本地和流动劳动力的经验回报率，基于人力资本积累模型探讨二者回报率存在差异的原因，并强调流动劳动力的经验人力资本对中国经济增长和地区差异的重要影响。研究发现：流动劳动力的经验回报率显著低于本地劳动力。本地劳动力从5—40年的经验回报率为18.32%—57.19%，而流动劳动力对应的经验回报率仅为11.29%—40.60%。流动劳动力接受正规教育的年限更短，参加工作后的人力资本投入更低，从而导致其人力资本回报率低于本地劳动力。核算结果表明，忽视流动劳动力与本地劳动力间的人力资本差异将导致全要素生产率对经济增长的贡献被低估1.99%，对省际经济发展差距的解释力被低估1.16%。本文为提升流动劳动力的人力资本积累、培育经济增长的新动力提供了理论依据和重要的政策启示。     

西部大开发20年人力资本时空演变及影响因素分析

本文采用基于劳动收入的人力资本测算法,对西部大开发以来西部89个城市的人力资本存量进行时空演变分析与影响因素探究,以期为更好的发挥人力资本在新时代推进西部大开发形成新格局中的作用提供参考。研究发现:从时序特征来看,各城市的人力资本存量呈现不同程度的增长趋势,但人力资本分布不平衡现象比较突出,人均人力资本绝对差异增大,相对差异减小;从空间特征来看,人均人力资本在空间变化上呈现出非均衡的分异特征,高值区多分布于西南地区与五大城市群城市;从影响因素来看,经济发展水平、产业结构、营商环境、创新水平、政府教育投入、基础教育质量、医疗卫生水平对西南与西北地区的人均人力资本均具有显著的正向促进作用。     

浅析我国当前就业形势及对策

我国是劳动力大国,长期存在着摩擦性失业和结构性失业的问题。随着全球金融危机对我国实体经济产生的影响,就业问题日渐突出。因此,当前必须高度重视就业问题,以科学的发展观为指导,统筹市场与政府、经济与社会、城市与乡村各方面工作,积极促进经济稳定健康发展,有效解决就业等民生问题。     

市场经济中政府宏观调控行为的经济分析

市场机制与政府宏观调控共同作用于社会经济系统,这是现代经济发展的普遍规律。由于市场本身不可避免地存在一些缺陷和功能不足,这就决定了搞市场经济离不开政府的宏观调控。在市场经济体制运行过程中,政府的行为不仅具有社会经济人之特征,而且也具有理性经济人之特征。作为理性经济人的政府,其所追求的目标是使社会总收益最大或社会总损失最小。本文利用定性与定量相结合的分析方法,在假设政府是理性经济人的前提下,对政府进行宏观调控的成因,调控变量的测度,市场失效得利阶层者的行为,政府调控的最优决策条件及政府对调控变量的理性选择等问题进行了量化分析,得出了一些非常有益的结论,这些结论对政府决策者具有重要的参考价值。     

煤炭企业人力资本开发与积累机制研究

一、煤炭企业人力资本开发与积累存在的问题我国煤炭企业人力资本基础比较丰富 ,但质量较低 ,远没形成经济发展的重要源泉和推动现代化的支柱力量。究其原因 ,主要是由于我国煤炭企业人力资本的开发与积累存在如下问题 :1 对人力资本的作用认识不够。煤炭企业是劳动密集型企业。长期以来 ,人力资本这一因素只是作为拥有劳动能力的主体而存在 ,将人力资本作为其它资本可以替代的简单的劳动力拥有者。尽管随着人力资本对经济增长的作用日益提高而逐渐受到煤炭企业的重视 ,但这种趋势发展的极限也不过在于承认在一定范围和条件下 ,人力资本和其…     

浅谈建设工程投标策略与报价技巧

一、明确投标方向企业在投标前 ,首先应该明确投标方向 ,清楚是否有投标的必要性 ,否则将不利于投标 ,甚至导致失败。一般应考虑以下几点 :企业的任务是否饱满 ,劳动力、施工机械是否空闲 ;根据长远发展规划 ,是否决定在某地开拓市场 ,打开局面 ;竞争对手的数量和实力 ;工程的盈利情况 ;施工任务能否胜任 ;业主和其它方面情况等 ,通过以上定性分析 ,如决定投标 ,就应全面考虑 ,以合理的工程造价为基础 ,综合运用投标策略和报价技巧 ,争取中标。二、选择投标策略投标策略是指承包商在投标竞争中的指导思想与工作部署及其参与投标竞争的方式和…     

人力资本溢出效应、集聚与城乡差距

中国的城乡差距始终是个有待解决的问题，究其原因，农村人力资本流向城市，表现出对城市的外溢效应，推动了城市部门的知识创新和产业发展，是扩大城乡差距的一个因素。由于城市偏向的制度安排，农村人力资本对城市表现出强烈的外溢性，而城市人力资本主要表现为内溢。要缩小城乡差距，扭转农村人力资本的单向溢出趋势，就必须加大政府对农村的重视和支持。     

浅谈企业家自身建设

企业家是社会经济发展的实践者和支撑者，是公司发展战略目标能否得以实施的关键。企业家队伍建设是人力资源管理的核心，企业家素质和能力决定着公司发展战略的制定、实施和成败，企业家需具备综合计划能力、分析判断能力、决策能力以及协调人际关系能力，在市场经济条件下社会对企业家的要求越来越高，除上述能力之外对企业家的品格和能力提出了新的要求。笔者在此就加强企业家自身建设谈些粗浅的认识。     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

面向对象的程序设计

用Ｃ＋ ＋ 语言阐述面向对象程序设计中封装和继承的概念以及在实际中怎样运用这些概念提高程序设计水平。     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services

This study estimates cost-based prices for wholesale voice and data services provided to 3G (WCDMA) MVNOs according to their distinct types. For estimation, 3G MVNOs are classified into different types, and the overall cost of WCDMA facilities are separated into voice and data components based on their subscriber rates, actual traffic rates, as well as efficiency consideration of traffic rates. The study then calculates cost-based wholesale prices of voice and data services for each of the 3G MVNO types. The result of this study shows that a cost-plus pricing scheme can help achieve the policy goals of the regulator, namely, lowering telecommunications tariffs and facilitating the introduction of new convergent-type services, far more effectively than the current retail-minus pricing scheme. The findings of this study may assist firms in developing business models based on 3G networks and telecom regulators in designing policies related to interconnection, mVoIP, prepaid calls, wholesale services, and network neutrality.     

Collectivism,individualism, and outgroup cooperation in a segmented China

A consistent theme in cross-cultural management research is that collectivists are more cooperative than individualists. We use Hofstede's measure for individualism–collectivism and combine it with an experimental measure of cooperation to test this relationship in China. In contrast to the established paradigm, we find that groups with higher individualistic scores are more cooperative than those groups with higher collectivistic scores. We attribute these results to groups being composed of outgroup members. In addition, we find that subjects from the more developed coastal area are more individualistic and cooperative than are subjects from inland China.

应用CGI技术创建CAI网页计数器

:CGI( Common Gateway Interface)是应用程序与 Web服务器交互的一个标准接口 ,利用该技术可以实现 HTML不具备的交互式主页功能。本文将通过“教育窗”主页的访问 (点击 )计算器的开发应用实例 ,提出了两种使用 CGI技术实现点击计数的方案     

钻井现场H2S气体的探测及防护

在钻井生产过程中，实施HSE管理体系，预防和控制H2S，保护每一位员工不受H2S气体危害，是钻井生产过程中HSE工作的重要一环。阐述了有害气体H2S的物理特性、毒性标准，介绍了几种常用的H2S气体探测器，以及具体操作方法。     

电子产品的电磁兼容性设计

首先介绍电磁兼容性的基本概念与研究领域,然后重点阐述电子产品的电磁兼容性设计与测量。     

SPYRO在烯烃原料生产方案测算中的应用

文章对SPYRO裂解模拟软件在石化企业烯烃生产原料优化方案测算中的应用进行了比较深度的概括分析.结合该软件在上海石化的实际应用,认为在劣质化原油加工份额不断增加的趋势下,SPYRO裂解模拟软件有助于石化企业在烯烃生产原料优化选择、生产计划合理安排、原油加工生产效益比较等方面为企业相关决策者提供有效地帮助.