物流产业集聚的经济溢出效应及空间异质性研究——基于省际数据的空间计量分析

文章基于 2006～2015 年我国30 个省级行政区的相关数据为样本， 利用区位熵法测度区域物流产业集聚水平， 通过计算全局 Moran's I指数， 分析我国经济增长存在的空间相关性。 在此基础上，引入控制变量建立空间计量经济模型， 实证检验了物流产业集聚对经济增长的溢出效应及其空间异质性，结果显示： 从整体来看， 物流产业集聚通过发挥其 “专业效应” 优化产业结构、 提高企业生产率， 在有效推动本区域经济的增长的同时， 能够通过溢出效应带动相邻地区的经济发展； 分地区来看， 物流产业集聚的经济溢出效应在3 个地区间存在明显的差异性， 中部地区的溢出效应最大， 其次是东部， 而西部地区物流产业集聚的经济溢出效应为负， 但并不显著。     

物流产业集聚的经济溢出效应及空间分异研究——基于丝绸之路经济带辐射省份面板数据

文章基于区位熵指数研究了物流产业集聚的经济溢出效应及空间分异，并对丝绸之路经济带沿线及辐射省市2003～2014年面板数据进行实证研究，得出如下结论：物流产业集聚对丝绸之路经济带区域经济增长有显著的经济溢出效应，且物流产业集聚经济溢出效应存在较大的地区差异；通过丝绸之路经济带东中部、西南部、西北部三大区域的比较分析，表明西南部地区物流产业集聚的经济溢出效应最大，东中部地区次之，西北部地区最弱；丝绸之路经济带内东中部地区物流产业发展向集约式转变，而西北部和西南部地区仍处于粗放型增长方式。     

产业集聚与企业管理能力——空间溢出和交互效应的实证研究北大核心

本文基于2015~2020年我国制造业企业数据,构建面板空间计量模型分析专业化产业集聚与多样化产业集聚对企业管理能力的空间溢出效应,探究企业之间管理能力的空间交互效应,考察产业集聚对企业间管理能力空间交互效应的调节作用。结果表明:企业间管理能力存在显著的正向空间交互效应与循环累积效应,高管理能力的企业能够促进邻近企业管理能力的提升,且产业集聚会强化这一空间交互效应;专业化产业集聚非线性地显著增强企业的管理能力,并通过空间溢出效应间接强化了邻近企业的管理能力;多样化产业集聚对企业管理能力的直接作用和空间溢出效应均显著为正,且其空间溢出效应小于专业化产业集聚。     

生产性服务业集聚与经济增长的空间计量分析

本文选取2003～2012年我国31个省、自治区、直辖市数据,运用空间面板固定效应模型,实证检验了我国生产性服务业集聚与经济增长之间的关系。结果表明：我国地区经济增长呈现明显的空间集聚特征;生产性服务业专业化集聚和多样化集聚对经济增长均具有显著的正向影响,但多样化集聚对经济增长的作用更为突出。因此,各地区应注重加强与相邻地区间的交流与合作,形成经济互助,以促进经济协调发展。同时应该提高我国生产性服务业的集聚程度,尤其是提高生产性服务业的多个产业间的共同集聚,充分发挥其对地区经济增长的正向促进作用。     

产业集聚间分工和地区竞争优势——来自长三角微观数据的实证

产业集聚间分工是区域竞争优势的主要源泉。本文基于长三角地级市企业数据,在产业和空间两个层面上用E-G指数测算了长三角二位数产业的集聚程度、三位数产业集聚间的分工状态以及与此相关的区域溢出效应,从中揭示了产业集聚间分工对整合离散的产业集聚,形成长三角地区竞争优势的内在机理。研究结果显示,产业集聚间的分工通过三个步骤锁定地区竞争优势:①产业集聚内企业的跨区域发展使价值链在空间上的分布趋于离散化,进而导致次级产业集聚间分工的形成,并产生了产业间的溢出效应;②随着分工的深化和趋于稳定,地区专业化水平进一步获得提升;③在区域溢出效应的作用下,原有产业集聚被锁定在区域溢出效应明显的区域,形成广域的产业集聚。以上过程的累积循环形成了该地区的竞争优势。     

金融集聚对区域经济增长的影响研究——基于空间面板数据的计量经济分析

本文通过构建面板数据的固定效应模型和空间计量经济模型， 运用中国30 个地区的面板数据， 对我国金融集聚对区域经济增长的影响进行了实证研究。 结果表明， 金融集聚与区域经济增长之间呈现出高度正相关的关系， 在空间上存在显著的空间溢出效应。 同时， 政府财政支出、 固定资产投资、交通基础设施建设、 信息化水平和人力资本水平等影响因素均对区域经济增长具有促进作用。     

资源型产业集聚的动态溢出效应研究

本文基于2006～2013年中国31个省市自治区的面板数据,运用两阶段系统广义矩方法,实证分 析了资源型产业集聚的动态溢出效应。结果表明：（１）资源型产业集聚对资源型产业全要 素生产率的影响是动态的,当期资源型产业集聚显著促进了资源型产业全要素生产率的提高 ,但滞后一期的资源型产业集聚会抑制其全要素生产率的增长。资源型产业集聚的“集聚效 应”和“拥塞效应”会在不同时期达到不同均衡状态。（２）资源型产业集聚与人均GDP的 交叉相乘项阻碍了资源型产业全要素生产率的提升,表明资源型产业集聚对全要素生产率影 响的积极效应受到经济发展水平的影响,验证了资源型产业“威廉姆森假说”在中国的存在 性。（３）随着经济发展水平的提升,资源型产业集聚对于技术进步的积极作用逐步显现, 而对于技术效率改进的积极意义则逐步减弱。总体而言,资源型产业集聚对于技术效率变化 的影响主导了对于技术进步所产生的影响。（４）非资源型制造业集聚、物质资本投入促进 了资源型产业全要素生产率、技术进步及技术效率的提升,政府干预程度对三者的影响显著 为负,人力资本投入对资源型产业全要素生产率增长、技术效率改进的积极作用不明显,但 显著促进了资源型产业的技术进步。     

内生创新努力、本土技术溢出与长三角高技术产业创新绩效

基于新增长理论的内生创新努力,分产业维和区域维运用1997—2006年面板数据,本文重点分析了本土技术溢出对长三角高技术产业创新绩效的影响,从中发现:从产业维角度看,长三角产业专业化集聚环境下的本土技术溢出效应呈弱的负外部性;从区域维角度看,作为创新极的上海对江(苏)浙(江)具有正的技术溢出效应,浙江能从上海和江苏的技术溢出中受益,而江苏受益于上海的同时也承受来自浙江的负外部性作用。     

省际OFDI、出口贸易对全要素生产率的影响——基于空间杜宾模型的实证分析

中国地域辽阔,地区差异较大,研究省际OFDI、出口贸易对全要素生产率的影响需重视空间因素的作用。本文基于2005～2014年我国28个省份的面板数据,采用空间杜宾模型,实证分析OFDI和出口贸易这两个方面对全要素生产率的影响。结果表明,省际OFDI、出口贸易和全要素生产率均表现出空间集聚特征;OFDI与全要素生产率的增长呈负相关;出口对全要素生产率有显著的正向效应,并且通过空间溢出效应显著促进邻接省份全要素生产率的提升。因此,我国需重视技术寻求型OFDI的建设,充分考虑OFDI对国内经济增长的空间溢出影响,以期达到对外投资和出口贸易双实现技术溢出效应的效果。     

OFDI逆向技术溢出、 金融集聚与区域创新——基于空间计量和门槛回归的双重检验

本文分析了OFDI逆向技术溢出、 金融集聚对区域创新的影响机理， 利用中国 2003～2017年省级面板数据， 运用动态空间面板模型和面板平滑转换模型实证检验OFDI逆向技术溢出与区域创新的线性和非线性关系，研究发现：（1）我国地区创新水平在空间上具有正向相关性 ，在时间上具有一定的“滚雪球”效应；（2）OFDI逆向技术溢出和金融集聚均对区域创新具有显著的促进作用，其交互项对区域创新的影响存在非线性；（3）以金融集聚为门槛变量进行非线性检验发现，OFDI逆向技术溢出对区域创新存在双门槛效应。 随着金融集聚水平的提高，OFDI逆向技术溢出对区域创新的影响在经过两个正向促进体制后， 转为较强的负向抑制体制。     

Comparing FTTH access networks based on P2P and PMP fibre topologies

There is an ongoing discussion in the market which Next Generation Access (NGA) architecture best suits future needs and which investment and cost differences exist. The discussion can be subsumed as P2P vs. GPON, which is somewhat misleading as this article reveals. The discussion is driven by the fact that the high capital cost and the long asset life time of fibre mean that the technology choices made today will dominate the opportunities for telecommunication business of all market players, incumbents, competitors, content providers and business and residential users for many years in the future.The paper analyzes the cost and other differences between Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) access network architectures and their related different wholesale approaches by using the well-known and understood steady state approach applied in other NGA analyses in the past. In addition to the steady state analysis a dynamic cost evaluation is included taking into account the different investment behaviour of the FTTH architectures over time. The results describe investment and cost differences between architectures, incumbents and wholesale based competitive operators. The analysis has been performed for different geotypes (clusters) of decreasing population density in a representative European settlement structure.     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

Indigenous peoples’ nutrition transition in a right to food perspective

In indigenous communities the nutrition transition characterized by a rapid westernization of diet and lifestyle is associated with rising prevalence of chronic disease. Field work and literature reviews from two different policy environments, Argentina (Jujuy) and Canada (Nunavut), identified factors that add to indigenous peoples’ disease risk. The analytical framework was the emerging human right to adequate food approach to policies and programmes. Indigenous peoples’ chronic disease risk tends to increase as a result of government policies that infringe on indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and territories, undermining their economic system, values and solidarity networks. Policies intended to increase food security, including food aid, may also fuel the nutrition transition. There is a need to explore further the connection between well-intended policies towards indigenous peoples and the development of chronic diseases, and to broaden the understanding of the role that different forms of discrimination play in the westernization of their lifestyles, values and food habits. Food policies that take due account of indigenous peoples’ human rights, including their right to enjoy their culture, may counteract the growth of chronic disease in these communities.     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

Cost allocation of WCDMA and wholesale pricing for mVoIP and data services

This study estimates cost-based prices for wholesale voice and data services provided to 3G (WCDMA) MVNOs according to their distinct types. For estimation, 3G MVNOs are classified into different types, and the overall cost of WCDMA facilities are separated into voice and data components based on their subscriber rates, actual traffic rates, as well as efficiency consideration of traffic rates. The study then calculates cost-based wholesale prices of voice and data services for each of the 3G MVNO types. The result of this study shows that a cost-plus pricing scheme can help achieve the policy goals of the regulator, namely, lowering telecommunications tariffs and facilitating the introduction of new convergent-type services, far more effectively than the current retail-minus pricing scheme. The findings of this study may assist firms in developing business models based on 3G networks and telecom regulators in designing policies related to interconnection, mVoIP, prepaid calls, wholesale services, and network neutrality.     

Collectivism,individualism, and outgroup cooperation in a segmented China

A consistent theme in cross-cultural management research is that collectivists are more cooperative than individualists. We use Hofstede's measure for individualism–collectivism and combine it with an experimental measure of cooperation to test this relationship in China. In contrast to the established paradigm, we find that groups with higher individualistic scores are more cooperative than those groups with higher collectivistic scores. We attribute these results to groups being composed of outgroup members. In addition, we find that subjects from the more developed coastal area are more individualistic and cooperative than are subjects from inland China.

面向对象的程序设计

用Ｃ＋ ＋ 语言阐述面向对象程序设计中封装和继承的概念以及在实际中怎样运用这些概念提高程序设计水平。     

电子产品的电磁兼容性设计

首先介绍电磁兼容性的基本概念与研究领域,然后重点阐述电子产品的电磁兼容性设计与测量。     

蒸汽热量计量应用的探析

研究了石油化工企业的燕汽计量情况,着重对蒸汽热量计量的合理性进行了分析,阐述了蒸汽热量计量的依据及计算方法,以及蒸气热量计量对节能降耗的重要意义.