企业社会责任与技术创新绩效关系研究:基于组织学习的视角

近年来,企业社会责任与自主创新已成为企业界与学术界日益关注的重要问题.然而,现有文献对企业社会责任与技术创新之间关系的研究比较缺乏.本文基于组织学习的视角探讨了企业社会责任与企业技术创新绩效的关系,并以国内民营企业为研究对象进行了实证研究.研究结果表明,对于国内民营企业而言,企业社会责任对组织学习中的学习承诺与共享愿景维度有正向影响,组织学习对企业技术创新绩效有正向影响,企业社会责任会通过学习承诺与共享愿景的中介作用正向影响技术创新绩效.本文的研究结果对于企业社会责任与技术创新实践具有一定的指导意叉.     

跨组织资源与企业合作:基于关系的视角

本文针对企业资产专用性风险与垂直一体化分解之间的矛盾，提出应当用跨组织资源来探讨企业之间合作的本质。这种资源依赖于企业合作中的网络关系．并随着关系的不同而体现出不同的性质。基于跨组织资源，我们对企业合作中的个体行为与群体行为进行了分析。本文认为，跨组织资源化解了资产专用性风险与一体化分解之间的矛盾．并推动了企业间合作的实现。本文提出，跨组织资源是在特定的机制与环境中创造租金的，同时对组织环境也产生着重要的影响．因而跨组织资源与其所嵌入的企业合作网络之间是一种互构的关系。     

关系网络、跨组织知识整合与 组织创新绩效的关系实证研究

本文分析了跨组织知识整合的内涵和要素结构,将跨组织知识整合划分为外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用3个环节,建立了关系网络、跨组织知识整合和组织创新绩效之间的理论模型,并以229家企业为对象运用结构方程模型进行实证研究,并得出结论,外部关系网络对外部知识捕获有正向影响,内部关系网络对外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用均有正向影响,内部关系网络对组织创新绩效有正向影响,跨组织知识整合在内部关系网络与组织创新绩效间起着中介作用,为企业通过外部和内部关系网络提升跨组织知识整合能力,进而提升组织创新绩效提供理论基础和实践参考。     

关系网络、跨组织知识整合与组织创新绩效的关系实证研究

本文分析了跨组织知识整合的内涵和要素结构,将跨组织知识整合划分为外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用3个环节,建立了关系网络、跨组织知识整合和组织创新绩效之间的理论模型,并以229家企业为对象运用结构方程模型进行实证研究,并得出结论,外部关系网络对外部知识捕获有正向影响,内部关系网络对外部知识捕获、内外知识交融和新知识应用均有正向影响,内部关系网络对组织创新绩效有正向影响,跨组织知识整合在内部关系网络与组织创新绩效间起着中介作用,为企业通过外部和内部关系网络提升跨组织知识整合能力,进而提升组织创新绩效提供理论基础和实践参考.     

网络嵌入影响企业创新绩效的概念模型与实证分析

本文有效整合社会网络、知识获取和创新绩效三个方面的理论研究,以知识获取为中间变量,构建网络嵌入影响企业创新绩效的概念模型,探究关系型嵌入和结构型嵌入影响企业外部知识获取并进而影响创新绩效的微观机理,并通过长三角地区270家本土企业的问卷调查与结构方程模型分析,结果发现:企业通过对组织网络的关系型嵌入和结构型嵌入能够有效提高外部知识的获取效应,从而对企业的创新绩效存在显著的推动作用。在此基础上,本研究试图为本土企业如何通过网络嵌入提高知识获取能力以及创新绩效提供理论指导和对策建议。     

企业成长机会和财务政策的关系——来自我国上市公司的证据

本文主要检验了企业的成长机会和基本财务政策之间的关系.利用我国上市公司的财务数据构造了面板数据集,选用了不同的财务政策变量对成长性因子变量进行了实证分析.实证结果发现,我国上市公司的成长机会和融资、股利政策间存在弱的正相关关系.     

环境规制对技术创新的影响及启示——基于Meta回归技术的多重误设定偏差分析

环境规制与技术创新之间存在着何种关系,学者们提出了不同的观点。“促进说”、“抑制说 ”和“不确定说”均得到了一些研究的支持。本文运用定量文献研究中的Meta回归技术,以 28篇重要文献中的100个观测样本为研究对象,多层面、多角度地探讨了导致不同研究结论 的原因。通过对影响环境规制与技术创新关系的误设定偏差分析及10个相关假设的检验,从 样本、方法、变量和文献发表特征4个方面获取了一系列有价值的调节因素。研究认为,由 于纳入文献中的调节因素不同、调节因素的作用不同,导致研究结果出现差异。这一发现有 助于理解环境规制与技术创新之间的内在关系,为今后该领域的理论研究和实践工作提供参考。     

中国股票市场与真实经济关联性的实证研究

本文采用1999年1月至2006年8月间的月度时间序列数据,首次以工业增加值作为真实经济的代理变量,探讨沪、深股票市场与真实经济的关系.实证研究表明,沪、深股票市场与工业增加值之间存在二元协整关系,并且工业增加值与上海股市综合指数成显著的正相关关系,而与深圳股市综合指数成负相关关系.本文的实证结果也表明沪、深股市之间不存在协整关系,这与以往某些文献结果不同,导致实证结论差异性的重要原因是其它相关文献在做单位根检验时方法使用不当所至.为此,本文给出了正确的可供选择检验方法,即单位根检验和正态性检验的综合运用.     

产业网络双重嵌入对企业创新的影响——基于新型技术追赶的中介效应

本文选取2003～2021年沪深A股上市企业作为研究对象，实证检验产业网络双重嵌入对企业创新的影响，并探讨新型技术追赶在其中的中介效应。结果发现：产业网络双重嵌入可以显著推动企业创新能力提升；随着嵌入程度加深，产业网络双重嵌入对企业创新速度的提升作用逐渐弱化。影响路径分析得出，产业网络双重嵌入可借助新型技术追赶提升企业创新能力。异质性分析结果显示，产业网络双重嵌入对企业创新能力与速度的影响因企业发展规模不同存在差异。据此，提出政策为基，推动产业网络嵌入标准化；缩短周期，驱动企业创新发展加速化；精准发力，助力创新发展分层化的政策建议，为企业创新驱动战略实践提供理论鉴照。     

高新企业科技人员工作驱力与工作绩效关系的实证研究

本文以四驱力理论为基础进行探索性研究,初次引入工作驱力的概念,在此基础上依次界定和解释了4种工作驱力以及个人工作绩效和组织支持感的涵义;接着以它们为研究变量,具体针对高新企业科技人员开发了相关量表。对工作驱力、组织支持感和个人工作绩效之间的关系提出假设并进行了假设检验。实证研究得出针对高新企业科技人员的主要结论是:①工作驱力、组织支持感对个人工作绩效有显著积极的作用。②组织支持感对工作驱力和个人工作绩效之间的关系有显著的调节作用,它能加强两者之间的关系。③获得驱力是主导驱力,在组织支持感的调节作用下学习驱力也是主导驱力。     

组织间关系演进：三维契约、路径和驱动机制研究

组织合作是常态。如何构建高效的组织间关系是现代组织战略面临的重大挑战和关键问题。文章从组织间关系内在建构出发,表明组织间关系演进实质是显性契约、关系契约、心理契约的进阶过程。以此为基础,指出组织间关系演进遵循信任、关系依存、承诺路径,而复杂动态性、组织文化及网络嵌入则是组织间关系契约进阶和演变路径的动力机制。并分别结合三对组织间关系的演进实例对演进内在机理进行了验证性分析,从而为剖析纷繁芜杂的组织间关系提供了新视角和关系构建思路。     

The effects of geographic and network ties on exploitative and exploratory product innovation

Addressing the inconsistent findings in the literature, we first distinguish the type of innovation and study the relationship of industrial clusters with exploitative and exploratory product innovation. Furthermore, we study how focal cluster firms' network ties with their suppliers and buyers in their clusters might moderate these relationships. Our empirical study showed that, while cluster membership enhanced firms' exploitative product innovation, it hindered their exploratory product innovation. Moreover, the results showed that focal cluster firms' network ties with their suppliers and buyers in their clusters strengthened the effects of cluster membership on exploitative product innovation. They also showed that focal cluster firms' network ties with their buyers but not suppliers in their clusters reduced the negative effects of cluster membership on exploratory product innovation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Commercialization performance of outbound open innovation projects in public research organizations: The roles of innovation potential and organizational capabilities

The current literature on open innovation (OI) has been limited to organization-level studies of inbound OI despite the importance of understanding outbound OI to improve performance of public research organizations (PRO) at project level. Our study contributes to the OI literature by investigating the relationship between the innovation potential and the commercialization performance of 189 outbound OI projects between PROs and firms, and the effect of network and project management processes on this relationship. In line with our expectation, our results demonstrate that PRO-firm outbound OI projects with technologies of high innovation potential are likely to have high commercialization performance. In addition, we empirically establish that among projects with technologies of high innovation potential, those with high resource allocation quality are more likely to have high commercialization performance. Finally, our findings indicate that among projects with technologies of high innovation potential, those with high opportunity discovery through networks are more likely to have high commercialization performance.     

How does the second-order learning process moderate the relationship between innovation inputs and outputs of large Korean firms?

We investigate how the second-order learning process moderates the relationship between innovation performance and two types of knowledge seeking behavior, namely exploration and exploitation. We reinvestigate the second-order learning process of the top 100 Korean firms from 1997 to 2007 by capturing CEO turnover, board turnover, and R&D alliances. We argue that the current findings about exploration and exploitation should be reclassified in terms of innovation input and output. We suggest that researchers investigate the organizational learning process to understand the link between innovation inputs and outputs. Our empirical results show that while innovation inputs are not related to exploratory outputs, the second-order learning process reshapes the relationship between both exploration/exploitation type innovation inputs and exploratory innovation outputs, and that the new focus of organizational learning process can refine current innovation literature.     

基于企业内外部网络视角的创新绩效多因素影响模型与实证研究

本文在考察网络能力与创新绩效之间的逻辑关系基础上,引入内部网络效度和合作治理方式作为调节变量,检验了企业内外部网络因素对创新绩效的影响,研究结果发现:企业网络能力和内部网络效度均对创新绩效产生显著正向影响;内部网络效度对网络能力与创新绩效的关系发挥着正向的调节效应;尽管合作治理方式对创新绩效具有正面影响,但它对网络能力与创新绩效的关系不具有调节效应;此外,企业规模对外部网络能力和内部网络效度的影响差异显著。     

Mapping network champion behavior in B2B electronic venturing

This study examines the concept of a new venture, B2B e-market in the light of participants who are involved in its innovation and diffusion processes. Our assessment results in the development of two key working propositions. The first proposition attempts to explain the relationship of the participants in the network and their contribution to innovation and diffusion processes over time. The second proposition attempts to explain how network champions (NC) contribute by bringing suppliers and buyers together in an electronic marketplace over time. In particular, this research adds to the industrial marketing literature by applying a case research method that is particularly useful for operationalizing theory development in business-to-business environments.     

Balancing the Two Knowledge Dimensions in Innovation Efforts: An Empirical Examination among Pharmaceutical Firms

This study investigates the relationships between the two knowledge dimensions (knowledge breadth and knowledge depth) and two types of innovations (radical innovation and incremental innovation). While existing literature identifies knowledge in general as an important driver of innovation, the exact relationships between knowledge breadth/depth and incremental/radical innovations are not clear. Drawing from the knowledge‐based view, this study advances the understanding of the relationships between knowledge dimensions and types of innovations by hypothesizing a nonlinear relationship between knowledge breadth and radical innovation as well as a nonlinear relationship between knowledge depth and incremental innovation. Furthermore, the moderating effects of the interaction between knowledge breadth and knowledge depth on the above‐mentioned relationships are also examined. Due to the different natures of the two types of innovations, it is hypothesized that knowledge depth positively moderates the relationship between knowledge breadth and radical innovation while knowledge breadth negatively moderates the relationship between knowledge depth and incremental innovation. To empirically test the hypotheses, secondary data from multiple sources were collected on 64 pharmaceutical firms over 15 years. Due to the panel data structure and observed dispersion issues in the dependent variables, negative binomial random effects models were formulated to test the hypotheses. The statistical results largely support the proposed hypotheses. The results demonstrate that while knowledge breadth positively contributes to the development of radical innovations and knowledge depth positively contributes to the development of incremental innovations, both relationships are subject to diminishing returns. Furthermore, while the finding did support the negative moderating effect of the knowledge breadth on incremental innovation, the positive moderating effect of knowledge depth on radical innovation is not supported. While the effect is not explicitly hypothesized, knowledge breadth seems to have a direct impact on incremental innovation as well.     

Innovation promoters — A multiple case study

This paper empirically examines the role of innovation promoters in loosely-coupled inter-organisational innovation projects. With a starting point from existing literature on innovation promoters, it seeks to develop a theoretical framework for analysing the particular challenges of inter-organisational innovation projects. Data from seven inter-organisational innovation projects provides the empirical setting of the paper, and these data are analysed on the basis of an inductive, interpretive approach. The paper results in the development of four types of innovation promoters (power, expert, process and relationship). In addition, the results indicate the substantial challenges of dividing the labour between several promoters in inter-organisational innovation projects. The paper concludes with some managerial and research implications.     

Structural social capital evolution and knowledge transfer: Evidence from an Irish pharmaceutical network

Businesses are becoming increasingly involved in collaboration networks to access external knowledge and sustain innovation. In this context, knowledge and knowledge transfer are considered an important source of innovation and competitive advantage. Social capital theory offers a theoretical approach to explain how individuals, groups, and organizations manage relationships and access knowledge resources. The structural dimension of social capital has stimulated debate regarding optimal network configuration to achieve innovation. The extant literature suggests network structures evolve from a bridging configuration to a bonding configuration without examining the details of how the evolution occurs within the network and its stage-by-stage impact on knowledge transfer. This study explores this relationship by analyzing the evolution of a successful Irish pharmaceutical network involving organizations from industry and academia. This research setting encompasses a rare network configuration in an industry known for its lack of collaboration among competing firms. Findings show that structural holes provide access to a set of complementary and heterogeneous knowledge. However, for such knowledge to be exploited, the network configuration has to evolve from a sparse network (small in size and characterized by weak ties across multiple organizational networks), to a large and cohesive network configuration characterized by high levels of commitment, trust, fine-grained information exchange, and joint problem solving. Mechanisms crucial to this evolution include consistently-scheduled meetings, training to communicate tacit knowledge, wide diffusion of knowledge through an on online portal, and relationship specific investments designed to safeguard intellectual property. Surprisingly, industry members appear to transition to a cohesive network faster than do academic members.     

The effects of distributor relationship commitment and relationship exploration on opportunism: The moderating roles of exchange uncertainties and network factors

Channel management entails both the evaluating of incumbent business partners and simultaneously seeking potential new partners. In supplier–distributor exchanges, distributors can explore alternative suppliers while still committing to incumbent suppliers. While the current literature has demonstrated the importance of relationship commitment, the consequences of relationship exploration and whether that exploration is harmful to any incumbent relationships remain unclear. Drawing from relational governance and social network theories, this study thus examines how distributor dual relationship strategies of commitment and exploration influence their opportunistic behavior. The findings from a survey of 328 distributor firms indicate that relationship commitment leads to reduced opportunism; yet relationship exploration exerts no significant main effect on opportunism. More interestingly, these effects are subject to two types of uncertainty and two characteristics of distributor network wherein the focal exchange relationship resides. Specifically, behavioral uncertainty—an internal source of uncertainty—aggravates the opportunism that arises from both strategies, whereas, environmental uncertainty—an external source of uncertainty—alleviates both these effects. The distributor's network density weakens the effect of relationship commitment on opportunism, but network centrality strengthens this effect. By contrasting relationship commitment with relationship exploration under multiple moderating conditions, this study advances the extant channel relationship management literature and practice.