鱼香肠的加工制作

正鱼香肠是鱼糜为主要原料,配以优质淀粉,少量猪肉及各种调料,经过配料、擂溃、充填、成形、结扎、杀菌和冷却而制成的水产方便食品。目前制作鱼香肠的主要设备是从日本引进的鱼香肠结扎机。肠衣为无毒耐高温的复合薄膜,其特点是伸缩性好,粘合性强,耐老化,但价格较贵。     

红豆-红枣乳饮料研究

本文以红豆、红枣、牛奶为主要原材料,以感官评分和稳定率为评价指标,研发红豆-红枣乳饮料。通过单因素试验和正交试验确定其配方最适配比:红豆添加量3.5g/L、红枣添加量6g/L、牛奶添加量550g/L、木糖醇添加量20g/L。在以上基础上进行产品稳定性研究,结果表明当羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、海藻酸钠、黄原胶添加量分别为0.25g/L、0.2g/L、0.45g/L时,产品稳定性良好。     

响应面法优化莴笋鱼糕工艺

以感官评定分数为指标进行单因素试验,考虑鱼肉添加量(A)、莴笋添加量(B)、生粉添加量(C)和姜粉添加量(D)对莴笋鱼糕的影响,结合响应面法对莴笋鱼糕的工艺进行优化,根据Box-Behnken中心组合设计原理,探讨各因素对莴笋鱼糕色泽、滋味、气味、组织状态和口感的影响.得到回归方程,预测最佳参数为鱼肉111.92 g,莴笋33.24 g,生粉20.53 g,姜粉0.61 g.以此工艺制得的产品预测感官评分为84.814分,实际感官评分为82.65分,相对误差为2.62％.该模型能较好地评价各成分添加量对莴笋鱼糕的影响,结果具有可靠性.     

创办小型鱼品加工厂大有作为

<正> 5.鱼糜制品 将鱼肉绞碎,经配料、擂溃成粘稠的鱼肉浆,再做成一定形状后,进行水煮、油炸、焙烤和烘干等加热或干燥处理而制成的鱼品称为鱼糜制品。其品种有鱼丸、鱼糕、鱼香肠、鱼卷、鱼面、燕皮、鲜鱼片等。 鱼糜制品的加工过程,大体可分为鱼糜原料加工和成品加工两部分。现就鱼丸和鱼香肠制作技术介绍如下:     

紫番薯牛奶复合饮料配方优化及其稳定性研究

对紫番薯牛奶复合饮料的配方与稳定性进行研究,确定最优产品配方及稳定条件。紫番薯牛奶复合饮料最优配方为:紫番薯汁与鲜牛奶按50∶45(W/W)混合,再按混合液重量添加0.6%的柠檬酸和2.0%的白砂糖。最理想的稳定剂复配方案是黄原胶添加量0.08%、羧甲基纤维素钠添加量0.06%、瓜尔豆胶添加量0.06%、卡拉胶添加量0.10%。     

小豆类香肠的制备工艺研究

以香肠为研究对象，在香肠原配料中添加经过预煮的小豆，经过单因素试验与感官评价，确定小豆香肠中小豆添加的最佳量。结果表明，小豆香肠的最佳配方为精肉80g、肥膘20g，小豆3．5g复合其他调料。     

低值鱼综合加工前景喜人

<正> 梅童鱼、沙丁鱼、鲢鱼等海淡水低值鱼,过去仅被粗加工成鱼粉饲料出售,资源未得到充分利用,经济效益很低。如今,对低值鱼进行综合加工,生产成鱼糜后,制成鱼肉香肠、鱼肉豆瓣、切片火腿、鱼肉火腿肠、鱼糜蚕豆、鱼丸虾球、天赋     

用低值鱼加工鱼糜制品

<正> 江苏省淡水水产研究所吴光红研究员所带领的课题组开发出了一种全新的工艺和设备,可将沙丁鱼、梅童鱼、鲢鱼等低值海淡水鱼加工成鱼肉豆瓣、鱼肉香肠、鱼丸虾球、鱼糜蚕豆、切片火腿、鱼肉火腿肠、口乐开、橙汁虾排、天赋罗等鱼糜制品,从而为低值鱼的加工利用创造了条件。     

改善鱼肉品质有方法

把杜仲叶晒干或烘干磨成粉末,按2%～4%的量添加到鱼饲料中投喂,鱼不仅爱吃而且能促进消化和生长,同时能增强鱼肉的嫩度,味道也更加鲜美。鱼虾长期摄食含有大蒜粉的饵料,其肉质会变得细嫩,肉质更香浓。在饲料中添加3%～5%的松叶粉,可提高肉的香味和改善粗纤维鱼肉的品质。松针叶     

怎样鉴别香肠的质量

怎样鉴别香肠的质量香肠，又叫腊肠，风味独特，营养丰富，食用方便且便于储藏，是家庭常食的肉制品之一。怎样鉴别其质量好坏呢？常用的方法主要有三种：一看颜色。香肠一般用７０％的瘦肉和３Ｏ％的肥肉制作。如果肠衣内的瘦、肥肉颜色红、白鲜明，则表明是质量好的；若...     

Estimating preference change in meat demand in Saudi Arabia

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the preference change in the demand for meat subject to random coefficients in Saudi Arabia. A Fortran 77 program has been designed to estimate the demand function for meat using Kalman filtering techniques and maximum likelihood approach. The initial values of the coefficient and covariance estimates are an essential prior information in the Kalman filtering techniques. Results provide substantial random coefficients in red meat, implying important structural change occurs in red meat more than poultry and fish demand.     

柠香白切鸡的制作工艺研究

“白切鸡”是典型的南方经典名菜,它少盐少油的特点与现代健康饮食完美契合,对柠香白切鸡制作工艺的研究,不仅丰富了菜肴的品种,也有利于南北方菜系的交流与融合。本文通过单因素试验及正交试验,确定了柠香白切鸡中盐、辣椒末、柠檬汁的添加量的最佳配比。结果表明,制作柠香白切鸡的各个因素的最佳配比为:盐的添加量为7 g、辣椒末的添加量为14 g、柠檬汁的添加量为6 mL。     

The Dynamics of Individuals' Fat Consumption

Consumers are increasingly aware of the link between their lifestyle choices and the risk of noncommunicable diseases. A dynamic approach incorporating this linkage in food demand is developed, where consumers maximize utility over time by choosing fat intake to control their cumulative fat level. The resulting dynamic indirect utility function and household data on meat, fish, and dairy consumption are used to estimate a censored demand system. Results show that consumers consciously adjust, but not instantaneously, their cumulative fat level. Highly educated households have a faster rate of adjustment of cumulative fat. When cumulative fat level increases, consumers shift to dairy or white meat from red meat products.     

花生风味兔肉脯配方的研究

花生粉富含蛋白质且在烘烤后具有浓郁的香气,将其作为主要配料添加到兔肉糜中,制备花生风味兔肉脯.通过单因素试验和正交试验,以感官评分?质构特性及色差为考察指标,研究糖盐比?花生粉和大豆分离蛋白添加量对兔肉脯品质的影响,优化兔肉脯配方.结果表明,最佳配方为糖盐比8.5:1.5?花生粉添加量15％?大豆分离蛋白添加量4％.此条件下制作的兔肉脯片形规则完整,呈肉脯特有的红棕色,烘烤后不易出现焦片?生片;滋味咸甜适宜,硬度和咀嚼性良好,烤肉与坚果香味协调.     

乌兰察布市及其周边各旗（县）农业产业结构调整研究

目的 通过对乌兰察布市农业产业结构调整的经济效益进行定量和定性的分析研究,为该市农业产业结构调整以及农业产业经济发展提供有益借鉴。方法 文章运用综合比较优势指数测算农业产业的比较优势,构建产值增长贡献率模型分析农业结构调整对农业经济的影响,并对农业产业结构调整与农业经济增长的影响关系进行回归分析。结果 乌兰察布市农业产业的显著综合比较优势主要集中在集宁区、卓资县、四子王旗、察哈尔右翼前旗,并且多数农业产业的规模比较优势相较于产量比较优势更为突出;通过预测模型看出,农业产业结构调整对农业经济增长呈负向贡献率;从回归分析得出,小麦、玉米、莜麦、豆类、马铃薯、油料作物、蔬菜瓜果产值每增加1%会分别为乌兰察布市农业总产值带来0.020%、0.057%、0.015%、0.018%、0.223%、0.847%、0.468%的经济增量。结论 玉米、油料作物、蔬菜瓜果和马铃薯对农业产业总值推动力较强,小麦、豆类和莜麦对农业产业总值的推动力相对较弱;乌兰察布市农业结构调整对农业经济增长的影响不太显著。     

Household behavior with respect to meat consumption in the presence of BSE and CWD

In this study, Canadian household meat consumption behavior in exotic (deer and elk meat) and traditional meats (beef, pork, chicken, turkey, bison, and seafood) is examined. This research introduces some differences in public response to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) risks across consumer segments from different sources of meat supply, including hunted meat. The analysis uses a combination of survey and household meat purchase data that include a balanced household panel of 2,393 households per year across time. A two-step estimation procedure is used with a probit model in the first step (consume or not) and a doublelog–translog two-stage demand system in the second step (level of consumption). It is assumed and tested that household sociodemographics, consumers’ risk perceptions/attitudes, and media coverage of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and chronic wasting disease (CWD) are underlying demand shifters in consumers’ daily meat purchase decision. The results suggest that households who obtain venison from hunting show the highest confidence in venison safety. Exotic meat preferences negatively affect traditional meat consumption in the daily diets of households who purchase traditional meats from stores and obtain venison from hunting. In response to the media coverage of BSE and CWD, exotic meat eaters are less sensitive to animal disease media information than the general population.     

Sheep as capital goods and farmers as portfolio managers: a bioeconomic model of Scandinavian sheep farming

A model analyzing the economics of sheep farming is formulated. The basic idea is simple. Sheep are capital and they are held by farmers as long as their capital value exceeds their slaughter, or meat, value. Farmers are therefore portfolio managers aiming to find the optimal combination of different categories of animals. Yields are compared with the yields from other assets. The model is formulated within a Northern Scandinavian economic and biological setting with a crucial distinction between the outdoors grazing season and the indoors season, and with adult sheep and lambs being different categories. In the first step, the management problem is analyzed with only the meat income of the farmers taken into account. In the next step, income from wool production is considered as well. The analysis provides several results that differ from standard harvesting theory.     

基于偏离-份额分析法的山西省农业经济发展研究

目的 分析山西省农业经济增长、结构、竞争力优势度和区域农业资源配置现状及合理性,为乡村振兴产业动力发展提供参考。方法 文章以全国为参照,运用比较优势指数和Esteban-Marquillas偏离份额法拓展模型,综合探析山西省农业经济增长和产业结构现状。结果 （1） 2000—2019年山西农林牧渔业经济总量整体保持增长趋势,农林牧渔业经济增加值占GDP比重在波动中呈下降趋势,与全国同产业比值稳定在1.225%。（2）结构比例演变相对稳定,以种植业为主,牧业为辅,渔业林业比重低;结构调整以种植业略下降,林业略提升为主要特征。农作物以谷物、豆类、薯类具有比较优势,尤以谷子、胡麻籽、高粱、绿豆、红小豆比较优势明显,明显高于全国水平。（3）偏离效应分析显示：种植业规模增长明显,但结构、竞争力、资源配置均处于劣势;林业结构和资源配置合理,但规模小,不具竞争力;牧业发展规模、竞争力、资源配置优势均较好,但结构尚不合理;渔业产业规模小,增长优势不明显,结构发展程度低,竞争力差。（4）动态变化中份额分量演变高度一致,种植业和牧业呈现明显的正负交替和此消彼长态势。农业经济增长优势整体表现为由南向北依次减弱的趋势,各地区结构偏离效应均为负,份额和结构分量区域间差异较小;竞争和配置分量偏离效应空间分布复杂,差异较大。结论 与全国相比,研究期内山西农业经济增长趋势不明显,竞争力低于全国水平。其中种植业和牧业结构需要进一步优化,提高资源配置合理性;林业结构和资源基础好,但发展较晚,亟待提高竞争力;渔业规模小,发展程度尚低。不同地区之间的协同性较差,可通过优化结构和分工,提高区域协作能力。     

Effects of an animal disease shock on meat markets and producer income

This paper simulates pig producer and slaughterhouse income losses due to a classical swine fever outbreak in Finland. The analysis explicitly takes into account that an outbreak of a highly contagious animal disease can shrink export demand for pig meat. After having observed the disease and its impact on pig meat price, producers can optimize animal stocks thought insemination decisions, which affects the number of animals in a dynamic manner. The income losses of pig industry were estimated to be less than €30 million. The losses were mainly due to price movements caused by an export demand shock. The results suggest that if the outbreak causes distortions in meat trade, the disease can cause substantial losses to the industry even if it has directly a small impact on the number of animals on farms. We also found that the optimization could reduce disease losses significantly, even more than 50%.