期货市场内幕交易监管及认定——美国期货期权内幕交易最新案例的比较视角

本文以近期美国期货市场发生的内幕交易案件为着眼点，具体分析美国商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)最近查处的期货市场利用客户信息型内幕交易行为，即利用客户大笔交易期货及期权的信息抢先下单并以有利的交易价格进行成交获利。案件中，被告在近五年的时间内2000余次实施类似的交易行为，违反了CFTC反欺诈细则及内幕交易监管规定。通过案例比较，分析境内外期货内幕交易行为特征以及认定，为我国期货市场内幕交易监管提供启示。     

对我国股市内幕交易的实证研究

本文在对现有研究方法的改进和对样本选择进行完善的基础上,实证检验了我国股市的内幕交易问题。实证结果表明,我国股市存在普遍且严重的内幕交易现象,其中围绕利好消息的内幕交易尤为突出。针对这种状况,本文提出了加强对内幕交易进行监管的若干政策建议。     

证券市场内幕交易行为分析

本文分析了证券市场内幕交易的概念、行为特征及其危害性 ,指出我国证券市场存在的内幕交易现象 ,借鉴国外经验提出了防范内幕交易行为的若干建议     

防范和打击内幕交易的难点及其对策

新兴加转轨时期,我国资本市场发展迅速,市场规模已跃居世界前列,多层次资本市场渐成体系,资本市场对国民经济的推动作用日渐显著。但由于我国现行法制存在不足、违规成本低等原因,近期证券市场内幕交易案件呈加速上升的趋势,范围有所扩大,影响社会公平。集中力量、严厉打击内幕交易行为已成了现阶段证券监管的重要工作。本文运用比较、规范和实证分析方法阐释了制约打击内幕交易的瓶颈因素,并结合实际尝试提出完善制度、严密监控、强化信息披露等打击、防范内幕交易的对策。     

我国股票市场内幕交易行为分析

本文以中国证监会公布的内幕交易行政处罚公告为数据来源,从数量和主导者结构上分析我国股市内幕交易行为的现状,并从伦理、制度和监管三个层面分析内幕交易行为,最后提出相应的政策建议。     

我国股票市场内幕交易行为分析

本文以中国证监会公布的内幕交易行政处罚公告为数据来源,从数量和主导者结构上分析我国股市内幕交易行为的现状,并从伦理、制度和监管三个层面分析内幕交易行为,最后提出相应的政策建议。     

我国证券市场内幕交易研究

证券市场内幕交易行为扰乱证券市场的正常运行秩序,损害普通投资者的利益。但由于内幕交易手法多样、甄别难度大等原因,监管内幕交易行为一直是我国乃至全世界范围内共同存在的难题。本文从内幕交易形成机制和监管的问题两方面分析如何全面、最优地进行监管,以减少内幕交易行为的滋生。     

基于社会网络传递视角的内幕交易行为研究

依法从严打击内幕交易是我国金融监管的重要任务，也是推动资本市场高质量发展的重要保障。本文手工收集2007—2020年我国证监会公布的内幕交易行政处罚书中涉及的内幕信息和内幕交易数据，考察我国股市内幕交易的行为特征。研究发现：(1)从中美股市对比看，我国股市中消极型内幕信息占比更低，内幕信息泄露时间更长，内幕信息泄露期间和信息公告日的收益率绝对值更低。此外，我国股市中依托家人关系传递内幕信息的比例高于美国。(2)公司外部人尤其以朋友关系传递的内幕信息致使更高的内幕交易规模和收益率。(3)内幕交易显著提高了内幕信息泄露期间相关方的股票收益率。本文丰富了内幕交易学术文献，也为我国监管机构提升内幕交易监管效率提供了有益借鉴。     

内幕交易犯罪刑事判决阙如的现状与反思

在司法实践中,内幕交易刑事判决一直极少,大量内幕交易案件被处以行政处罚。通过对现有可采集到的涉及内幕交易的行政处罚书和刑事判决书进行梳理和分析发现:在全部行政处罚案件中,有超过一半的案件实际上已符合了内幕交易犯罪的入罪标准,却未予以入罪;已经入罪的刑事犯罪案件,则多属于内幕交易大案、要案,涉案金额特别巨大。原因在于作为区分行政违法行为与刑事犯罪行为的"情节严重"标准被严重虚置,因此,应当对现有"情节严重"标准进行重构,提高数额标准,增加情节要件。     

证券市场内幕交易监管的有效性分析

在对内幕交易监管有效性的分析上,由于研究方法和目标的不同,研究的结果也出现了很多分歧。本文对已有的研究进行了纵向比较和横向比较,从内幕交易法律的实施和国际监管的角度入手,对内幕交易监管的有效性进行分析,认为内幕交易监管是相对有效的。投资者信心、市场与法律的测度方法,以及投资者交易策略等因素都会影响到内幕交易监管的有效性。     

浅析单位内幕交易违法的认定与处罚

近年,单位作为主体从事内幕交易的案例呈增加之势。本文结合行政执法与刑事司法实践,结合近年典型单位内幕交易案例,并借鉴海外监管查处经验,着重讨论了单位内幕交易认定的一些疑难法律问题,诸如是否将单位作为违法主体以及是否处罚、如何认定单位知悉与利用内幕信息、如何区分单位内幕交易行为与个人内幕交易行为等问题。     

内幕交易罪的司法困境及出路研究

近年来内幕交易案件频发,无论是"杭萧钢构案",还是"上海祖龙内幕交易案"都在司法认定方面引起了理论和实务界的较大争议。这充分表明,在认定内幕交易罪的司法实践中仍然存在很多待解的难题。只有在对这些司法难题进行深入剖析的基础上,重构内幕信息的认定标准、改善内幕交易行为的取证路径、强化内幕交易的执法力度、完善机制设计,才能破解司法难题,维护证券市场的公平公正,保障证券法律法规得以遵守和执行。     

Insider Trading and Firm Performance Following Open Market Share Repurchase Announcements

The long‐run performance of equity securities subsequent to announcements of open market repurchases (OMR) remains a contentious topic. In this paper we propose the “dichotomous expectations hypothesis” which posits that insider trading following share repurchase announcements reveals private information concerning the future operating performance of announcing firms. In particular, insider abnormal purchases (abnormal sales) should predict an improvement (decline) in operating performance that leads to higher (lower) long‐run stock returns. Our hypothesis offers a credible economic link between insider trading and subsequent long‐run stock performance through the intervening variable of operating performance. The empirical results show consistency with this linkage.     

内幕交易监管与监管困境研究综述

各国对内幕交易的监管基本采取立法的形式，许多学者都探讨了实施内幕交易监管的有效性以及监管效率问题。本文对相关文献进行了梳理，发现从内幕交易监管有效性的纵向比较分析，内幕交易监管并不能达到预期的效果；从横向比较分析，内幕交易监管越严格，越有利于降低内幕交易程度。总体而言，内幕交易监管是必要与相对有效的。因交易者策略与量价甄别指标的主观性而产生了监管困境，降低了监管效率。但是监管总体上可以带给市场的效益高于成本，那么内幕交易监管的实施与不断完善是非常有必要的。     

海外内幕交易主体的规则和司法判例研究及借鉴

文章分析了美国《证券交易法》规则10b5—2的合理性和缺陷，同时参照美国、台湾和日本的证券立法实践，对我国《证券法》中有关内幕交易主体的规定存在的缺陷提出了修改和完善的建议。我国《证券法》应将家庭成员、发行人和外部信息制造者纳入内幕交易的主体范围，这对于正确理解和完善内幕交易的法律规则将起到积极作用。     

An Empirical Analysis of Illegal Insider Trading

Whether insider trading affects stock prices is central to both the current debate over whether insider trading is harmful or pervasive, and to the broader public policy issue of how best to regulate securities markets. Using previously unexplored data on illegal insider trading from the Securities and Exchange Commission, this paper finds that the stock market detects the possibility of informed trading and impounds this information into the stock price. Specifically, the abnormal return on an insider trading day averages 3%, and almost half of the pre-announcement stock price run-up observed before takeovers occurs on insider trading days. Both the amount traded by the insider and additional trade-specific characteristics lead to the market's recognition of the informed trading.     

Insider Trading and the Bid-Ask Spread

This study examines the intertemporal and cross-sectional association between the bid-ask spread and insider trading. Empirical results from the cross-sectional regression analysis reveal that market makers establish larger spreads for stocks with a greater extent of insider trading. The time-series regression analysis, however, finds no evidence of spread changes on insider trading days. These results suggest that although market makers may not be able to detect insider trading when it occurs, they protect themselves by maintaining larger spreads for stocks with a greater tendency of insider trading. The results also reveal that market makers establish larger spreads when there are unusually large transactions. In addition, this study finds that spreads are positively associated with risk and negatively with trading volume, the number of exchange listings, share price, and firm size.     

Poison Pill Securities: Shareholder Wealth and Insider Trading

Existing empirical studies on poison pill securities have examined their overall effect on shareholder wealth. This paper segregates the wealth-increasing poison pills from the value-reducing ones by examining the pattern of insider trading activity prior to the pill adoption announcement. Our results show that pill adoptions that are preceded by net insider purchases are associated with significant stock price increases. This finding is consistent with the proposition that corporate insiders buy their own securities because they do not view the adoption of poison pills as an antitakeover strategy, but rather one that enables the board of directors to extract a greater share of the economic gains from the bidder. Our findings also indicate that firms with net insider sales prior to pill adoption announcement experience generally negative but insignificant changes in value. Finally, firms with no insider trading or with an equal number of insider purchases and sales register marginally significant negative returns.     

上市公司内部人亲属股票交易行为研究

中国的《证券法》等法律法规禁止内部人短线交易,并设置了内部人禁止股票买卖的敏感期,但内部人亲属不受此限制。本文对深圳证券交易所2007年5月至2010年5月的内部人亲属股票交易数据分析发现:(1)上市公司的内部人亲属对内部人任职企业的股票交易次数已经远远多于内部人自身的交易次数;(2)内部人亲属的交易存在很多的短线交易行为与敏感期交易行为;(3)内部人亲属股票交易整体而言能够获得超额收益;(4)短线交易与敏感期交易有助于内部人亲属获得超额收益;(5)董事长或总经理的亲属获得的收益比其他内部人亲属更高。据此,本文认为证券交易监管机构需要关注内部人亲属股票交易行为,尤其警惕内部人亲属交易可能成为规避内部人交易管制的替代方式。     

Do Criminal Sanctions Deter Insider Trading?

Many developed markets have taken what appears to be a tough stance on illegal insider trading through the use of criminal sanctions. Although criminal sanctions represent a much greater penalty than civil sanctions, the higher burden of proof required makes their enforceability weaker. This trade off between severity and enforceability makes the impact of criminal sanctions ambiguous. We empirically examine this issue by studying the deterrence of insider trading following the introduction of criminal sanctions in a developed market. Significant changes in sanction regimes are rare, especially when criminal sanctions are introduced without other changes. In February 2008, New Zealand introduced criminal sanctions for insider trading. This change of law offers a unique setting in which to examine the deterrence effect of criminalization. Using measures for the cost of trading, degree of information asymmetry, and probability of informed trading, we find that the enactment of this law led to a worsening in these measures. These findings suggest that the weaker enforceability of criminalization outweighs the associated increased severity of the penalties in New Zealand.