基于VAR模型的我国货币错配影响因素研究

发展中国家在融入全球经济体系时普遍面临货币错配,我国也不例外.近年来,我国的货币错配日益严重.在定性考察了我国货币错配影响因素的基础上,运用1985～2006年的经济数据.通过构建两个VAR模型,对我国货币错配及其影响因素进行了实证检验.结果表明:汇率制度选择对货币错配的影响最大;其次为经济增长速度;再次是贸易顺差程度.最后根据实证检验的结果,提出了管理和控制我国货币错配的四项政策建议.     

汇率制度改革必须高度关注货币错配风险

货币错配风险是着力从稳定性的角度来考察汇率波动对经济运行带来的冲击.随着世界经济一体化程度的加深,本币不是"关键货币"的国家都面临着货币错配的风险.中国目前也存在着较大程度的货币错配问题.但汇率和资本流动制度的改变是大势所趋,严重货币错配的存在将使金融的稳定运行如履薄冰.因此,在确定汇率制度与外汇管理制度改革方略的时候,应当将与之相关的各种问题进行统筹安排.     

新兴市场国家不同汇率制度下的货币错配影响因素分析

货币错配对新兴市场国家造成很大的冲击,但是货币错配问题又是不可避免的。本文分析了不同的汇率制度下影响货币错配的因素,并对缓解我国货币错配提出政策建议。     

货币错配的不同形态及其对经济的影响机制

货币错配是引起发展中国家经济和金融危机的重要原因,本文首先对现有的国内外相关研究文献进行了简要的总结,然后对货币错配的不同形态进行了分类,并在此基础上分析了货币错配下汇率的变动对经济产生影响的内在机制.     

论银行货币错配风险预警体系的构建

布雷顿森林体系崩溃以后,货币错配成为广大发展中国家以及转轨经济国家普遍存在的现象。货币错配除了增大金融危机的可能性和提高化解金融危机的成本以外,它还影响一国货币政策的有效性和汇率制度的选择。货币错配风险预警体系作为金融危机预警体系的一个子系统,为监管当局提供金融危机预警。银行总体货币错配风险预警系统至少应包括银行货币错配测算指标、风险预警信号和对策反应三个模块。银行货币错配的测算指标体系不仅应包括银行自身的货币错配状况,还应涵盖贷款企业的货币错配状况,指标的选取应坚持相关性、数据可得性与互补性的原则。     

基于汇率制度影响因素的汇率制度选择：一个理论综述

汇率制度的选择是一个动态的转换过程,影响汇率制度的因素包括许多方面。基于影响汇率制度的经济因素,应从经济结构特征、价格确定及货币危机理论等角度探讨汇率制度选择理论;基于影响汇率制度的政策因素,应从政策配合、BBC规则及政府信誉等角度探讨汇率制度选择理论。此外,对发展中国家汇率制度选择的讨论在20世纪90年代多次金融危机后开始大量增加,其中比较有影响力的是“原罪论”与“浮动恐惧论”。     

中国公司部门货币错配与汇率敏感性实证研究

引言在经过长时期的汇率稳定后,2005年7月21日进行了汇率制度改革,人民币汇率理论上呈双向波动状态,货币错配风险开始显性化。如果说在汇率没有放开之前,这种货币错配风险不太为人注意,但汇率制度改革之后,这种未经测度、未经控制管理的货币错配风险可能会带来非     

有关货币错配问题研究的文献综述

通过对国内外有关货币错配问题研究的相关文献进行梳理后发现,货币错配理论研究在国外已经取得了很大进步,但还远不是一个成熟的系统化的理论体系.对货币错配的研究散见于货币危机、汇率制度和资本流动等相关领域.要形成一个完整的理论体系,仍有待于国内外学者进行全面深入的研究.     

货币错配与经济金融稳定:亚太经验比较分析

中国的汇率制度改革使得在盯住汇率制度下积聚的巨大货币错配风险逐渐暴露出来.货币错配是否会影响经济金融稳定,本文通过对亚洲金融危机、日本经济衰退以及本世纪以来亚洲新兴市场国家的累积的新风险进行梳理、比较与分析,得出净外币负债型货币错配与净外币资产型货币错配在一定的条件下都会影响经济金融稳定.     

人民币国际化对货币错配的效应——基于VAR模型分析

在经济金融全球化的进程中,货币错配是广大发展中国家普遍面临的问题。而货币错配的根源在于生产要素全球流动的计价结算环节通常只能以国际化货币衡量,因此随着人民币的国际化进程,我国面临的货币错配状况势必有所改善。本文以2010—2017年季度数据为样本,研究人民币国际化与货币错配的内在效应,并相应地提出政策建议。结果表明:外汇储备对债权型货币错配具有较强的促进作用;实际有效汇率和人民币国际化对货币错配程度具有缓释作用,都能长期的改善货币错配状况,尤其是后者对货币错配具有很强的缓释作用及解释力度。     

Are consistent pegs really more prone to currency crises?

This paper evaluates the treatment effect of consistent pegs (i.e., a policy in which countries actually adopt announced pegged regimes) on the occurrence of currency crises to examine whether consistent pegs are indeed more prone to currency crises than other regimes. Using matching estimators as a control for the self-selection problem of regime adoption, we find that countries with consistent pegs have a significantly lower probability of currency crises than countries with other exchange rate policies. More interestingly, we find that countries with consistent pegs have a significantly lower probability of currency crises than those with a “fear of announcing a peg” policy (i.e., a policy in which countries actually adopt pegged regimes but do not claim to have pegged regimes). The results stand up to a wide variety of robustness checks.     

Exchange rate regimes,capital controls,and currency crises: Does the bipolar view hold?

This paper empirically examines the link between de facto exchange rate regimes and the incidence of currency crises in 84 countries from 1980 to 2001 using probit models. We employ the de facto classification of Reinhart and Rogoff (2004) that allows us to estimate the impact of relatively long-lived exchange rate regimes on currency crises with much greater precision. We find no evidence that, as the bipolar view argues, intermediate regimes have a significantly higher probability of currency crises than both hard pegs and free floats. Using the combined data of exchange rate regimes and the existence of capital controls, we also find that hard pegs with capital account liberalization have a significantly lower probability of currency crises than intermediate regimes with capital controls and free floats with capital controls. Hence, the bipolar view does not strictly hold in the sense that intermediate regimes are significantly more prone to currency crises than the two extreme regimes. However, the fact that hard pegs with capital account liberalization are substantially less prone to currency crises is worthy of note.     

关于人民币汇率弹性增强背景下完善银行资产负债管理的思考

随着我国调节国际收支效果的显现与人民币汇率形成机制市场化程度的不断提高,近年来人民币兑美元即期汇率走势曲折反复,人民币汇率逐渐向均衡水平靠拢,促使企业转变长期以来的汇率预期,着手修复自身资产负债货币错配。这一过程也给商业银行的资产负债货币结构带来显著变化,增加了商业银行本外币流动性管理和资产负债管理难度。对此,商业银行应通过完善自身资产负债管理方式,积极应对这一挑战。     

Valuation impact of currency crises: Evidence from the ADR market

This study analyzes American depository receipts (ADR) performance surrounding the outbreak of major currency crises during the past decade. By employing event-study methodologies and multifactor pricing models, we find that the outbreak of a currency crisis is accompanied by a negatively significant abnormal return for the corresponding ADRs, even after controlling for variations in exchange rates. We also find significant upward shifts in the exchange rate exposure of ADRs when the home currency is switched from a “pegging” to a “floating” exchange rate regime. In addition, ADR-originating firms with larger sizes, greater proportions of U.S. market activities, and greater market liquidity have relatively less negative abnormal returns (ARs) and less significant upward shifts in currency exposure, implying that such firms are relatively better hedged against currency crises.     

Remittances and Currency Crisis: The Case of Developing and Emerging Countries

Employing the first-generation currency crisis model of Flood and Garber (1984), I explore the financial effects of migrants' remittances on the economies of developing and emerging countries in a currency crisis. The model implies that remittances can contribute to a reduction in the likelihood of a currency crisis and appreciation in foreign exchange rates via the promotion of foreign exchange reserves. Panel estimation with twelve developing and emerging countries that previously experienced financial crises confirms the implications, suggesting that migrants' remittances can play a significant role in mitigating financial constraints and thus contribute to financial stability.     

The size of banking crises in credible fixed exchange rate regimes

Since monetary policy is constrained in fixed exchange rate regimes, we should observe fewer banking crises due to moral hazard in countries with credible currency pegs. However, three countries with seemingly credible pegs in the nineteen-eighties and -nineties, namely China, Hong Kong and Argentina, still suffered crises in their domestic banking sectors. The present note illustrates that bank incentives to take on excess risk still exist in countries with currency peg credibility and that the size of that risk exposure (and thus the potential for crisis) may be positively related to the level of central bank foreign exchange reserves.     

De facto exchange rate regimes and currency crises: Are pegged regimes with capital account liberalization really more prone to speculative attacks?

This paper empirically examines whether de facto exchange rate regimes affect the occurrence of currency crises in 84 countries over the 1980–2001 period by using the probit model. We employ the de facto classification of Reinhart and Rogoff (2004) that allows us to estimate the impact of relatively long-lived exchange rate regimes on currency crises with much greater precision. We find that pegged regimes significantly decrease the likelihood of currency crises compared with floating regimes. By using the combined data of exchange rate regimes and the existence of capital controls, we also find interesting evidence that pegged regimes with capital account liberalization significantly lower the likelihood of currency crises compared with other regimes. These results are robust to a wide variety of samples and models. From the standpoint of the macroeconomic policy trilemma, we can conjecture that pegged regimes with capital account liberalization are substantially less prone to speculative attacks because they can enhance greater credibility in their currencies by abandoning monetary policy autonomy.     

发展中国家汇率制度选择的影响因素分析

任何汇率制度都不能适合所有的时期,也没有一种汇率制度可以适用于任何国家,发展中国家汇率制度的选择更是理论界讨论的热门话题。本文在回顾不同国际货币体系时期汇率制度选择理论的基础上,尝试探讨以36个发展中国家为样本,对汇率制度选择的影响因素进行分析。